Bone Markings

Diaphysis

Shaft (main section) of a long bone

Spine or Spinous process

Sharp, pointed, slender process; similar to crested but raised more; for muscle attachment Process- attach connective tissue Ex.- the spinous processes of vertebrae, which together form the spine or backbone

Angle

an inside or outside corner Feature of shape of bone Ex. - Rounded angles or corners of the scapula

a chamber within a bone

cavity

a smooth rounded articular process

condyle

rounded convex projection

condyle

rounded knuckle like articular surface

condyle

prominently narrow ridge

crest

made almost entirely out of compact bone

diaphysis

elevated area on or above the condyle

epicondyle

an elongated cleft

fissure

a rounded passageway for blood vessels and nerves

foramen

opening through a bone

foramen

structure supported on the neck

head

the expanded articular end of an epiphysis, seperated from the shaft by a neck

head

narrow low ridge

line

a passageway or canal through the substance of a bone

meatus

canal-like struture

meatus

eleveation

process

Tubercle

small oblong bump; small tuberosity small tuberosity that may also be described as a round nodule or warty outgrowth Ex.- the non-articular part of each rib tubercle attaches to the ligament of the tubercle

a pointed process

spine

a narrow groove

sulcus

furrow

sulcus

Epiphysis

the end part of a long bone which usually has a longer diameter than the shaft- part of the bone which is called the diaphysis Articular part (ends) of long bone

Neck

A narrow portion usually at the base of a head A section of bone between the "head" and the "shaft"; a narrowed portion located at the base of the "head" of the bone

Process

A raised area or projection

Meatus

A tube like opening or channel extending within a bone Channel through bone

Ramus

Curved portion of a bone, like a ram's horn

Head

Distinct Epiphysis on a long bone, separated from the shaft by a narrow portion A rounded projection that forms part of a joint (in combination with a fitting part of an adjacent bone) and is separated from the shaft of the same bone by a narrow portion (usually called a "neck") Process- forms a joint

Margin

Edge of a flat bone or flat portion of the edge of a flat area

Fissure

Long, crack-like hole for blood vessels and nerves Channel-like cleft or craft

Crest

Moderately raised and therefore prominent boarder tissue or ridge. Such crests are often sites for muscle attachment. Process- attach connective tissue Prominent narrow ridge Ex. iliac crest of the hip

Sulcus

Groove or elongated depression Groove, crevice or furrow. Such elongated depressions may accommodate a blood vessel, nerve or tendon Channel-like depression

a narrow connection between the epiphysis and diaphysis

neck

Fossa

(shallow) Depression; "ditch"; "trench" A shallow depression in the surface of bones often receive another articulating bone with which a joint is formed

Facet

A smooth flat articular surface that may form a joint with another facet or flat bone Process- forms joints

Epicondyle

Bump near a condyle; often give appearance of a "bump on a bump", for muscle attachment Process- attach connective tissue

Sinus

Cavity within a bone Cavity

Trochanter

Large blunt bump- like a projection- for muscle attachment Process- attach connective tissue ex. only one human example- the greater trochanter at the top of the femur bone (upper leg)

Foramen

Round hole through which blood vessels, nerves or ligaments pass Hole

Condyle

Rounded bump; large rounded prominence. Usually fits into a fossa on another bone to form a joint Rounded Convex projection Process- forms a joint

Line

Similar to a crest but not raised as much- may be relatively faint

Body

The main or central portion of the bone

Notch

a V- like cut or depression out of the margin or edge of a flat area Articulatory Surface

Tuberosity

oblong, raised bump usually for muscle attachment Large rounded or oblong projection that may look like a rounded bump. Such rounded/oblong projection called tuberosities are often sites for muscle attachment Process- attach connective tissues Ex.- the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus bone, (upper-arm)

an extension of a bone making an angle with the rest of the structure

ramus

arm-like projection

ramus

a large rough projection

trochanter

large blunt process

trochanter

large irregular shaped projection

trochanter

a small rounded projection

tubercle

round nodule or warty outgrowth

tubercle

small rounded projection

tubercle

large rounded projection

tuberosity