Brain and Behavior Test 2 test bank 6/8

13. Repeated exposure to male pheromones may be associated with ____ in young women who are not sexually active. a. more regular menstrual cycles b. sweating c. increased olfactory capabilities d. increased appetite

a. more regular menstrual cycles

10. Pacinian corpuscles respond best to ____. a. rapid mechanical pressure b. low frequency sounds c. horizontal head movements d. slow mechanical movements

a. rapid mechanical pressure

8. What process is predicted by the gate theory of pain? a. Pain information grows more intense as it passes each synapse on its way to the brain. b. Non-pain information can inhibit pain information. c. Intense pain can shut out all other sensory information. d. The intensity of pain experience depends entirely on the excitability of pain receptors.

b. Non-pain information can inhibit pain information.

9. Along each strip of somatosensory cortex, different sub-areas respond to ____. a. different types of receptors b. different areas of the body c. different parts of the cortex d. different types of transmitters

b. different areas of the body

15. Morphine and other opiate drugs decrease sensitivity to pain by ____. a. depleting substance P from parts of the nervous system b. mimicking the effects of endorphins at the synapses c. preventing sodium from crossing the membrane d. altering blood flow to various parts of the nervous system

b. mimicking the effects of endorphins at the synapses

7. The sensory aspect of pain activates the ____ cortex, whereas the emotional aspect activates the ____ cortex. a. cingulate; somatosensory b. somatosensory; cingulate c. fusiform; premotor d. premotor; fusiform

b. somatosensory; cingulate

12. What is unusual about olfactory receptors compared to most other mature mammalian neurons? a. They have more than one axon each. b. They have no axons. c. They are replaceable when old neurons die. d. They use more than one neurotransmitter.

c. They are replaceable when old neurons die.

1. An individual with damage to the primary somatosensory cortex would most have problems with ____. a. memory b. hearing c. ability to locate where they are being touched d. balance

c. ability to locate where they are being touched

6. The brain chemicals known as endorphins produce effects similar to which substance? a. vitamin B-1 (thiamine) b. substance P c. opiates d. amphetamines

c. opiates

14. Pain receptors of the skin are ____. a. elaborate neuron endings b. also known as Ruffini endings c. simple, bare neuron endings d. also known as Meissner's corpuscles

c. simple, bare neuron endings

3. Stimulation of a touch receptor opens ____ channels in the axon. a. choline b. potassium c. sodium d. calcium

c. sodium

. The somatosensory system involves sensation of ____. a. sight and sound b. sound and touch c. the body and its movements d. the head and movements of the eyes

c. the body and its movements

2. Which ability would be most impaired with damage to the vestibular senses? a. writing b. hearing c. visually tracking an object while dancing d. discriminating salt from sugar

c. visually tracking an object while dancing

11. If you are a supertaster, then ____. a. you require high concentrations of a particular taste to be able to identify it b. you have more fungiform papillae in the center of your tongue c. you are more sensitive than the average person to nearly all tastes d. your ability to taste makes up for your lack of ability to identify odors by smell

c. you are more sensitive than the average person to nearly all tastes

4. In adult humans, the taste buds are ____. a. evenly distributed across the front half of the tongue b. evenly distributed across the whole tongue c. concentrated near the center of the tongue d. concentrated along the outside edge of the tongue

d. concentrated along the outside edge of the tongue