bsc exam 2
Molecules of food that have a special form of potential energy called _____.
- Chemical energy(Energy is stored in food molecules by arrangement of atoms)
The concentration of calcium in a cell is 0.3%. The concentration of calcium in the surrounding fluid is 0.1%. How could the cell obtain more calcium?
--Active Transport-- For the cell to accumulate calcium, it must move calcium against its concentration gradient. This process requires energy.-
Active Transport involves ________
-can involve the transport of ions-uses ATP as an energy source-can move solutes against their concentration gradient
What is a true statement about the ATP cycle?
A single muscle cell needs only about one minute to recycle all of its ATP.
The use of energy to move molecules across a membrane defines __________.
Active transport
what is a statement concerning enzymes that is true and correct?
An enzyme is very specific in terms of which substrates it can bind
Endocytosis--
Endocytosis is the procedure that cells use to import large molecules across their membranes.
The secretion of neurotransmitters out of the nerve cell, from small vesicles at the end of the axon, can be considered an example of _____.
Exocytosis
enzyme
a protein that changes the rate of a metabolic reaction without being consumed by the reaction
Which of the following processes could result in the net movement of a substance into a cell, if the substance is more concentrated in the cell than in the surroundings?
active transport
which transport mechanism is most likely to be responsible for the movement of the molecule across a plasma membrane?
active transport
In a hypotonic solution, a plant cell will _______.
become turgid- swollen and hard
The passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called _____
diffusion
Osmosis can be defined as
diffusion of water
A nursing infant is able to obtain disease-fighting antibodies, which are large protein molecules, from its mother's milk. These molecules probably enter the cells lining the baby's digestive tract via _____.
endocytosis
In osmosis, water always moves toward the _____ solution, that is, toward the solution with the _____ solute concentration.
hypertonic.... greater
An animal cell placed in a hypertonic solution will __________
lose water by osmosis and shrivel
Diffusion is an example of ______.
passive transport
Some liver cells ingest bacteria, a function probably accomplished by
phagocytosis
The act of a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is
phagocytosis
Which one of the following terms is sometimes called "cell eating"?
phagocytosis
A rock on the top of a mountain contains _____ energy.
potential
Usually, enzymes are ________.
proteins
A primary function of the cell membrane is to ______.
regulate the passage of materials into and out of the cell
The transport of molecules of a particular solute from inside an animal cell across the cell membrane to the extracellular fluid always requires energy when __________.
the concentration of the solute is lower inside the cell than outside it
ATP drives work in cells by __________.
transferring its phosphate group to other cell molecules
