bsc exam 2

Molecules of food that have a special form of potential energy called _____.

- Chemical energy(Energy is stored in food molecules by arrangement of atoms)

The concentration of calcium in a cell is 0.3%. The concentration of calcium in the surrounding fluid is 0.1%. How could the cell obtain more calcium?

--Active Transport-- For the cell to accumulate calcium, it must move calcium against its concentration gradient. This process requires energy.-

Active Transport involves ________

-can involve the transport of ions-uses ATP as an energy source-can move solutes against their concentration gradient

What is a true statement about the ATP cycle?

A single muscle cell needs only about one minute to recycle all of its ATP.

The use of energy to move molecules across a membrane defines __________.

Active transport

what is a statement concerning enzymes that is true and correct?

An enzyme is very specific in terms of which substrates it can bind

Endocytosis--

Endocytosis is the procedure that cells use to import large molecules across their membranes.

The secretion of neurotransmitters out of the nerve cell, from small vesicles at the end of the axon, can be considered an example of _____.

Exocytosis

enzyme

a protein that changes the rate of a metabolic reaction without being consumed by the reaction

Which of the following processes could result in the net movement of a substance into a cell, if the substance is more concentrated in the cell than in the surroundings?

active transport

which transport mechanism is most likely to be responsible for the movement of the molecule across a plasma membrane?

active transport

In a hypotonic solution, a plant cell will _______.

become turgid- swollen and hard

The passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called _____

diffusion

Osmosis can be defined as

diffusion of water

A nursing infant is able to obtain disease-fighting antibodies, which are large protein molecules, from its mother's milk. These molecules probably enter the cells lining the baby's digestive tract via _____.

endocytosis

In osmosis, water always moves toward the _____ solution, that is, toward the solution with the _____ solute concentration.

hypertonic.... greater

An animal cell placed in a hypertonic solution will __________

lose water by osmosis and shrivel

Diffusion is an example of ______.

passive transport

Some liver cells ingest bacteria, a function probably accomplished by

phagocytosis

The act of a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is

phagocytosis

Which one of the following terms is sometimes called "cell eating"?

phagocytosis

A rock on the top of a mountain contains _____ energy.

potential

Usually, enzymes are ________.

proteins

A primary function of the cell membrane is to ______.

regulate the passage of materials into and out of the cell

The transport of molecules of a particular solute from inside an animal cell across the cell membrane to the extracellular fluid always requires energy when __________.

the concentration of the solute is lower inside the cell than outside it

ATP drives work in cells by __________.

transferring its phosphate group to other cell molecules