BSE 367

Rank the source of renewable electrical energy sold in Wisconsin in 2014 from lowest to highest. a. Solar b. Hydro c. Biomass d. Wind

1, 3, 2, 4

Rank the market value (1 = highest to 3= lowest) of electric energy produced under the following conditions (in the US). In the middle of the night in hot or cold months of the year. In the late afternoon during cold months of the year In the afternoon during the hottest months of the year

3, 2, 1

Rank the priority order that the PSC is directed to implementing the following a. Combustible Renewable Energy Resources (e.g. biomass) b. Non-Renewable Combustible Resources (e.g., natural gas, oil, low sulfur coal) c. Energy conservation and efficiency d. Non-combustible Renewable Energy Resources (e.g. wind and solar)

3, 4, 1, 2

Rank the contributions to world primary energy consumption of the following energy sources in 2009 (biggest=1 to smallest=5). Natural gas Renewables (including hydro and traditional biomass) Coal Oil (liquids) Nuclear

3, 4, 2, 1, 5

Rank the maximum output temperatures of these solar collector types (from 1 = lowest temperature rise to 4 = highest temperature rise). Parabolic Concentrating Unglazed Flat Plate Glazed Flat Plate Evacuated tube

4, 1, 2, 3

Rank the cost of 2009 electric energy production in the UK from these primary fuel sources (From Low to High). Assume that there is no cost for CO2 disposal or emissions a. Solar PV thin film - roof mounted b. Offshore Wind c. Nuclear d. Natural Gas CCGT (Combined Cycle Gas Turbine) and Conventional Coal

4, 3, 2, 1

Rank the 2009 cost of electric energy production in the UK from these primary fuel sources including a projected cost of carbon disposal and carbon emission tax. (From low to high). Offshore wind Solar PV thin film Conventional Coal Natural Gas (CCGT) with CCS (carbon capture and storage) Natural Gas (CCGT) Coal with CCS (Carbon capture and storage) Nuclear

6, 7 , 3, 4, 1, 5, 2

A simple way to estimate the annual energy production potential of a renewable energy system is to multiply the rated power capacity of the device by the capacity factor of its location and the number of hours per year. What is the approximate range of capacity factors for wind power sites? a. 20% to 40% b. 90% to 99% c. 1% to 10% d. 60% to 80%

a

A wind turbine with a rated capacity of 10 kW will a. Produce a maximum 10 kW of power under ideal conditions. b. Produce an average of 10 kW of power over a year c. Produce 87600 kWh of energy per year

a

Air is moving at a velocity of 6 meters per second through a hoop with cross sectional area of 100 square meters. If the density of the air is 1.2 kg per cubic meter, what mass flow rate of air is moving through the hoop? a. 720 Kg/s b. 600 Kg/s c. Not enough information d. 720 cubic meters e. 7.2 Kg/s

a

Are Wisconsin electric power suppliers likely to meet the existing RPS? a. Yes, they have already met it. b. No, they are a long way off and are note likely to meet the goal.

a

How does the average per capita energy consumption in North American compare to the world average? a. 3 to 4 times higher b. About double c. About the same d. About 1/2

a

Of the following tilt angles for mounting a stationary flat plate solar collector in Madison, WI, which will capture the most solar radiation in the month of June? a. 20 degrees from horizontal b. 45 degrees from horizontal c. 70 degrees from horizontal

a

POWER is best described as... a. The rate of energy production or use b. The amount of energy used multiplied by the time over which is it used. (Energy x time) c. The total amount of energy that has been used to perform a task.

a

The Renewable Portfolio Standard requires that electric providers in Wisconsin provide what percentage of energy from renewable sources? a. 10% by 2015 b. 20% by 2020 c. 100% by 2045

a

The availability of which of these renewable energy sources is more coincident with electrical demand? a. Solar b. Wind

a

The availability of which of these renewable energy sources is more coincident with electrical demand? a. Solar b. Wind

a

The best glazing material for solar collectors has: a. High transmittance of short-wave and low transmittance of long-wave radiation b. High transmittance of long-wave and low transmittance of short-wave radiation c. High absorptance of short wave radiation and low emittance of long wave radiation

a

The power curve of a wind turbine shows the power output of the turbine over its range of operational wind-speed. The power output of a well designed wind turbine increases in which proportion to wind speed up to its maximum rated power output? a. wind velocity cubed b. wind velocity squared c. wind velocity to the 1/3 power d. wind velocity to the 1/7 power

a

What is the conversion efficiency (power coefficient) from power in the wind to power output from the blades for a modern highly engineered horizontal axis high-tip-speed two blade wind turbine? a. 35% to 45% b. 90% to 99% c. 59% or the Betz limit. d. 5% to 15% e. 15% to 30%

a

You have installed a wind turbine at your rural home. About 1/2 of the energy generated by the wind turbine is used directly by your household and 1/2 is sold to your electric utility. Your normal purchase cost of electricity is 10 cents/kWh. You get paid 6 cents/kWh for the energy you sell back to the grid. What is the value (to you) of the energy generated by your wind turbine? a. About 8 cents per kWh b. About 6 cents/kWh c. About 10 cents/kWh d. less than 6 cents/kWh e. more than 10 cents/kWh

a

Select the TRUE statements about LCA a. Life cycle assessment is the investigation and valuation of the environmental impacts of a product or service b. LCAs are governed by ISO standards c. There is only one correct way to perform and LCA d. The output of an LCA will tell you definitively if a process is sustainable e. LCAs can only determine environmental impacts for energy systems

a, b

From the Turconi et al. paper, what emissions were compared when assessing the environmental performance of the various electricity generation technologies? a. NOx b. SO2 c. GHG d. Smoke particulates e. Carcinogens

a, b, c

LCA can provide outputs for environmental impacts including: a. Net Energy Return b. Eutrophication Potential c. Greenhouse Gas Emission d. Net Present Value e. Annualized Operational Impact

a, b, c

The triple bottom line considers the following aspects of sustainability a. Environmental b. Social c. Economic d. Global Warming e. Pollution

a, b, c

Select the parts of an LCA model a. Inputs b. Outputs c. Processes d. System boundary e. co-products

a, b, c, d

Why might electric generation and transmission utilities have a favorable view on expanding the fleet of plug-in electric vehicles? (Select all that apply) a. It would allow them to sell electrical energy during times of the day that are traditionally low demand periods. b. It would transfer transportation energy from foreign energy sources (oil) to domestic sources (coal, natural gas, nuclear and renewable) c. It would allow them to sell more electrical energy d. The batteries in electric vehicles could be used as a way to store electrical energy and improve the management of the transmission and distribution systems.

a, b, c, d

The Desertec-Eumena proposal presented in the text book is and example of: (Choose all that apply) a. A strategy to increase the market value of renewable energy. b. A strategy to combine a number of renewable energy sources to balance grid demand c. A strategy to locate renewable energy systems in parts of the world where they have maximum available primary renewable energy resources d. A project that would require massive national and international cooperation in investment strategies, power marketing and generation and transmission facilities permitting. e. Massive Grid interconnection to get renewable energy from points of production to energy markets

a, b, c, d, e

Which of the following are measures of ENERGY? a. Tonnes of Coal b. BTU (British Termal Unit) c. Barrels of Oil d. KiloWattHour e. Joules (kg m2 / s2) f. Watt g. BTU/hr h. HorsePower i. Quads j. KiloWatt

a, b, c, d, e, i

Select all of the following true statements that are required for electricity to be fed into the US grid. a. DC has to be converted to AC b. AC has to be converted to DC c. Transformers must be employed to obtain correct voltage? d. Transformers must be employed to obtain correct amperage? e. An electricity storage system must be employed

a, c

The PSC has rulemaking authority for which of the following for wind projects 100 MW or larger? a. Decommissioning b. Bird mortality c. Shadow flicker d. Noise e. Turbine size f. horizontal vs vertical axis turbines g. TV signal interference

a, c, d, g

Select the following true statements about techno-economic analysis: a. Investigates cash-flows over the lifetime of a project b. Applies to only new technologies c. Evaluates physical and economic properties of a technology (e.g. renewable energy) to determine its feasibility d. Reduces environmental Impacts of a project e. Defines return on investment (ROI) of a project

a, c, e

The annual average solar energy (radiation) available to a collector at any point on the earth depends on (select all that apply). a. Angle of incidence (tilt and azimuth angle) of the collector b. The acceleration of gravity c. Weather patterns that influence cloud cover d. Energy Conversion efficiency of the collector e. Latitude (geometric considerations of the relationship between the earth and sun)

a, c, e

The following are characteristics of an off-shore wind farm compared to the same wind farm on land (select all that apply). a. Average annual wind speeds are higher b. There is no public oppostion to off-shore wind c. Energy production is lower d. Capital costs are higher

a, d

How much power is in a circuit that is 120V and 15 amps? a. 1.8 kJ b. 1.8 kW c. 8 J d. 8 W

b

If you are given a unit of POWER (such as a kW) what information do you need to calculate ENERGY production or use? a. The peak power use. b. The time period (duration) of power production or use. c. The cost of Power. d. The cost of energy.

b

If you are given the rated capacity (a power unit lik kW) and the capacity factor (e.g. 50% or 0.5) of an energy production facility, how do you calculate the total annual energy production? a. Multiply the rated capacity by the hours per year and divide by capacity factor. b. multiply the rated capacity the capacity factor and then by the total time ( e.g. hrs) in a year. c. Call Homer Simpson, who works at a nuclear power plant. d. Divide the rated capacity by the capacity factor.

b

The power curve of a wind turbine gives us the useful power output of the turbine at a specific wind speed. If you have a wind turbine power cure, which of teh follwoing additional information will allow you to calculate the useful energy output of the wind turbine over the course of one year? a. daily solar radiation at the site b. The annual distribution of wind speed (hours per year that the wind blows at each specific wind speed) c. Swept area of the turbine d. Rated capacity of the turbine

b

The solar constant, or the solar power density (power per surface area, just outside the earth's atmosphere) is to the nearest 2 significant figures: a. 1000 W/m2 b. 1400 W/m2 c. 700 W/m2 d. 900 W/m2

b

What was the total world primary energy consumption in 2011? a. about 100 ExaJoules (EJ) b. about 500 ExaJoules (EJ) c. about 10 Quads d. about 1000 Quads

b

When does electric energy have the highest economic value in the US market? a. Mid-afternoon in winter months b. Mid-afternoon in summer months c. Night-time hours in summer months d. Night-time hours in winter months

b

Which of these describe "base-load" electrical generation facilities? a. Electric energy purchased to meet demand b. Low cost or production and respond slowly to changes in demand c. High cost of production and respond quickly to changes in demand d. Electric energy sold because of favorable market conditions

b

Which of these describe "base-load" electrical generation facilities? a. High cost of production and respond quickly to changes in demand b. Low cost of production and respond slowly to changes in demand c. Electric energy purchased to meet demand d. Electric energy sold because of favorable market conditions

b

Which of these renewable energy sources is the most "dispatchable" (i.e. most likely to be available when we need it)? a. Wind b. Hydro c. Solar

b

Which parts of Earth's surface have the greatest solar resource? (total annual radiation on a flat surface at ground level). Hint: Remember the cloud factor! a. Temperate zones from 30 to 50 degrees north and south of the equator b. Dry areas from 10 to 30 degrees north and south of the equator. c. Tropical areas right on the equator d. The open waters just a few miles offshore of the continents

b

Which renewable energy source has the best future potential for fueling transportation needs? a. wind b. Liquid Biofuels c. Geothermal d. solar

b

You have the choice between 3 wind sites, each with the same average annual wind speed (and therefore total annual energy production). Which would produce electric energy of a higher value in the US marketplace? a. The highest wind speeds are during the night in the winter months. b. The highest wind speeds are during the afternoon in the summer months. c. Wind speeds are almost uniform over the day and throughout the year.

b

Select the following true statements about what an energy model can provide: a. Can demonstrate the effectiveness of a new technology b. Generate figures and tables to help communicate findings c. Run simulations of alternative technologies or systems d. Simplify calculations and quantify energy and economic inputs and outputs e. Avoids costs of having to build a prototype of the system

b, c, d, e

Which of these are part of a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity a. Is required for residential rooftop solar systems b. Must consider alternate locations for power plants c. Is required for power plants fo 100 MW capacity or greater d. Must consider alternate sources of energy supply e. must ensure that the facility will no have undue adverse impact on the environment.

b, c, d, e

Which of these are advantages provided by energy storage? (Select all that apply) a. It improves the efficiency of the energy conversion process b. It allows energy to be used at time other than it is generated. c. It increases the total amount of energy generated. d. I makes energy more valuable because it can be sold at the times during which the demand is greatest.

b, d

Which of the following activities does the Public Service Commission of Wisconsin engage in? (Select all that apply) a. Regulate transmission lines in the USA b. Protect the public interest in environmental quality and public health related to energy projects in Wisconsin c. Enforce compliance with environmental regulations in the entire USA. d. Encourage renewable energy development in Wisconsin e. Review financial impact of large energy projects on energy customers (rate payers) in Wisconsin

b, d, e

Air is moving through a hoop with a cross sectional area of 100 square meters at 6 meters per second. If the density of the air is 1.2 kg per cubic meter, what is the total power in this wind stream (to nearest 2 significant figures). a. Not enough information b. 720 Watts c. 13 kiloWatts d. 600 kiloWattHours e. 72 kiloWatts

c

An inexpensive technology for energy storage would accelerate the development of renewable energy systems because (choose the best answer) a. We would not need to produce as much energy to meet the same demand b. It would increase the need for high cost 'peaking' power generation c. Energy storage gives intermittent energy sources a higher market value

c

How does the power density of wind (W/m2) at 50 meters elevation above the earth's surface compare to the power density at 10 meters above the earths surface? a. Somewhat less b. about 5 times greater c. About double d. About the same

c

If you can sell wind energy to the grid at 6 cents/kWh for 12/hrs per day at the 'on peak' rate and 3 cents/kWh for 12 Hrs per day at the 'off peak' rate. what is the approximate value of the total energy produced from you wind turbine (assuming steady production for the whole day) a. more than 6 cents/kWh b. about 6 cents/kWh c. about 4.5 cetns/kWh d. less than 3 cents/kwWh e. about 3 cents/kWh

c

Monocrystalline silicon is the most common type of Solar PV material used today. The conversion efficiency from solar radiation to electricity for this type of device in field applications is about: a. 1% b. 5% c. 15% d. 30%

c

Of the following tilt angles for mounting a stationary flat plate solar collector in Madison, WI, which will capture the most solar radiation in the month of December? a. 20 degrees from horizontal b. 45 degrees from horizontal c. 70 degrees from horizontal

c

The area of the USA with the best wind resource is, a. States East of the Mississippi b. The West Coast States c. Central States

c

The following property describes the flow rate of electrons? a. Resistance b. Voltage c. Amps d. Conductivity

c

The primary purpose of thermal mass in a passive solar space heating application is to: a. Increase the solar energy falling on the collector surface b. Reduce heat loss from the building c. Reduce daily temperature swings by absorbing solar energy during the day and releasing it at night d. Increase the temperature rise in a solar collector

c

The rated capacity of a power production facility is... a. The total annual energy production of the facility b. The minimum power output of the facility before it needs to be shut down. c. The maximum power that the facility is able to produce under optimal conditions. d. The annual average power production.

c

Which of the following buyback rate structures takes into account the time of day and year that renewable energy is sold to the grid? a. Net Metering b. Feed in Tarriff c. Value of Solar Model d. Parallel Generation Rate

c

Which of the following is the largest single energy demand sector in the US? a. Transportation b. Industrial use of primary energy (excluding electricity) c. Electric Power Production d. Residential and commercial use of primary energy (excluding electricity)

c

Which of these renewable energy sources is the most "dispatchable" (i.e. most likely to be available when we need it)? a. Solar b. Wind c. Hydro

c

Wind data for SAM can be customized by downloading a wind resource file from the NREL Wind Toolkit. However these files are limited to a. Most developing countries b. Virtually every location on planet earth c. Only the continental USA d. Only North America

c

You own an outdoor swimming pool Australia. The pool water is warm enough in the summer, but would like to extend your swimming season into the spring and fall and maximize your solar energy gain in the Australian winter. How would you do this? a. Place the collectors on a flat, horizontal surface. b. Point your collectors due west c. Adjust the Tilt angle of your collectors to greater than the latitude and point them North d. Point your collectors due south with tilt angel equal to the latitude

c

A hydro turbine has a maximum power output of 0.5 MegaWatts. If it ran at full capacity for one year how uch energy would it produce in that year? a. 0.5 MegaWatts b. 2890 MegaWattHours c. 2890 MegaWatts d. 4380 MegaWatt Hours e. 4380 MegaWatts

d

A hydro turbine has a maximum power output of 1 MegaWatt. If it ran at full capacity for one year how much energy would it produce in that year? a. 2890 MegaWattHours b. 1 MegaWatt c. 2890 MegaWatts d. 8760 MegaWatt Hours e. 8760 MegaWatts

d

According to the EIA, what will the approximate total annual WORLD primary energy consumption be in 2035 (25 years from now)? a. 700-800 TerraWatts b. 70 to 80 Quads c. 7000 to 8000 ExaJoules (EJ) d. 700-800 Quads

d

Kinetic energy is the energy associated with a. A mass lifted a spcified height above a reference point (in a gravity field) b. Chemical composition c. A temperature difference d. A mass in motion

d

Select the best description of 'total primary energy use'. a.Energy from Coal and Oil b. The useful thermal, electric and mechanical energy used for end use applications such as heating, cooling, transportation and industrial applications. c. Transportation energy d. All of the fossil, nuclear and renewable energy used directly for end use applications AND transformed into other forms of energy for end use applications.

d

The same 0.5 MW capacity hydro turbine as in the previous question is installed on a river that cannot supply enough water to run it continuously for the entire year. If the turbine is run at full capacity for only 2/3 of the hours in a year how much energy will be produced in that year a. 333 kW b. 8760 MWHrs c. 2920 MW d. 2920 MWhrs e. 8760 MW f. 0.5 MW

d

What is the Renewable Portfolio Standard goal established by the Public Service Commission of Wisconsin? a. Greenhouse-Gas emissions in the state of Wisconsin will be reduced 10% by the year 2015 b. All of the energy produced in the state of Wisconsin will be from renewable sources by the year 2100 c. 10% of the energy sold to customers in the entire USA will be from renewable sources by the year 2015. d. 10% of the energy sold to customers in Wisconsin will be from renewable sources by the year 2015.

d

What is the most widely used and least expensive method of storing large amounts of electrical energy? a. Batteries b. Flywheel storage c. Compressed air d. Pumped Hydro

d

Which of the following units does NOT represent units of energy (or work)? Select all that apply. N = Newtons, m=meters, s=seconds, J=joules a. (Kg * m2 ) / s2 b. N * m c. kJ d. J / s

d

Which of these is the largest cause of bird deaths? a. birds struck by vehicles b. Cats killing birds c. Birds striking wind turbines d. Birds striking buildings and windows

d

Wind power availability at a specific site changes with a. time of day b. month of year c. year to year d. all of these e. hieght above the ground

d

Which of the following are measures of POWER? a. Quads (Quadrillion BTU) b. Tonnes of Coal c. Barrels of Oil d. HorsePower e. Joules (kg m2 / s2) f. Watts (kg m2 / s3) g. kWh (KiloWattHours) h. BTU/hr i. BTU (British Thermal Unit)

d, f, h

If you were standing 150 meters from a modern wind turbine, the noise level from the turbine would be about, a. 90 dB(A) or comparable to listening to your stereo. b. 20 dB(A) or comparable to someone whispering softly in your ear. c. 100-140 dB(A) or comparable to a jet airplane taking off d. 60 dB(A) or comparable to background noise levels in an office. e. 45 dB(a) or comparable to the background noise level inside a house.

e

Wind power availability at a specific site changes with a. time of day b. month of year c. year to year d. height above the ground e. All of these

e

The same 1 MW hydro turbine as in the previous question is installed on a river that cannot supply enough water to run it continuously for the entire year. If the turbine is run at full capacity for only 1/3 of the year how much energy will be produced in that year a. 333 kW b. 8760 MW c. 8760 MWHrs d. 1 MW e. 2920 MW f. 2920 MWhrs

f