BUAL 2600 Final Exam - Gramling

HW #4 Use the Pareto Chart given in the lecture powerpoint to answer this question. _____% of the defects are cause by printing errors.

15.6

HW #4 Use the Pareto Chart given in the lecture powerpoint to answer this question. The cumulative percent of defects due to Crooked Label and Missing Label is ______%

58.2

HW #2 T/F: A quantitative variable can also be referred to as a categorical variable.

False

HW #2 T/F: An example of a qualitative variable is the mileage of a car.

False

HW #4 Consider the following data on distances traveled by people to visit the local amusement park and calculate the relative frequency for the distances over 24 miles. 1. distance: 1-8 miles; frequency: 15 2. distance: 9-16 miles; frequency: 12 3. distance: 17-24 miles; frequency: 7 4. distance: 25-32 miles; frequency: 5 5. distance: 33-40 miles; frequency: 1 a. .150 b. .025 c. .125 d. .375 e. .325

a. .150

HW #4 At the end of their final exam, 550 students answered an additional question in which they rated their instructor's teaching effectiveness, with the following results. What proportion of the students who rated their instructor as very or somewhat effective received a C or lower in the class? 1. A; effective: 190; ineffective: 85 2. B; effective: 75; ineffective: 120 3. C; effective: 20; ineffective: 17 4. D; effective: 9; ineffective: 18 5. F; effective: 1; ineffective: 15 a. 0.10 b. 0.13 c. 0.03 d. 0.15 e. 0.06

a. 0.10

HW #3 When a low response bias occurs, what should you do? a. Conduct another sample to increase the response rate b. Report whatever data was collected Ask a different question c. Conduct a convenient sample d. Nothing can be done to correct this bias

a. Conduct another sample to increase the response rate

HW #3 When a person gives an answer that they think you want to hear or is politically correct, this is an example of which bias: a. Measurement Error b. Undercoverage c. Recording Error

a. Measurement Error

HW #2 Possible qualitative data for Stitchfix to collect is a clothing size such as small, medium, and large. This is an example of __________ (ordinal, nominal, discrete, or continuous) variable. a. ordinal b. nominal c. discrete d. continuous

a. ordinal

HW #2 Classify each of the following qualitative variables as ordinal or nominative. a. Statistics course letter grade: A, B, C, D, F b. Door choice on Let's Make A Deal: Door #1, Door #2, Door #3 c. Television show classifications: TV-G, TV-PG, TV-14, TV-MA d. Personal computer ownership: Yes, No e. Restaurant rating: *****, ****, ***, **, * f. Income tax filing status: Married filing jointly; Married filing separately; Single; Head of household; Qualifying widow(er)

a. ordinal b. nominative c. ordinal d. nominative e. ordinal f. nominative

HW #2 A(n) ________ variable can have values that indicate into which of several categories of a population it belongs. a. qualitative b. quantitative c. interval d. ratio

a. qualitative

HW #2 A ________ variable takes on values that are numbers on the real number line. a. quantitative b. nominative c. qualitative d. categorical

a. quantitative

HW #2 Which of these variables are quantitative and which are qualitative? a. The dollar amount on an accounts receivable invoice. b. The net profit for a company in 2017. c. The stock exchange on which a company's stock is traded. d. The national debt of the United States in 2017. e. The advertising medium (radio, television, or print) used to promote a product.

a. quantitative b. quantitative c. qualitative d. quantitative e. qualitative

HW #3 The purpose of collecting a random sample from a population is: a. to make statistical inferences about the entire population b. to ask the next question c. to replicate the population d. to create a census

a. to make statistical inferences about the entire population

HW #4 A multiple choice question on an exam has four possible responses—(A), (B), (C), and (D). When 250 students take the exam, 100 give response (A), 25 give response (B), 75 give response (C), and 50 give response (D). a. Write out the frequency distribution, relative frequency distribution, and percent frequency distribution for these responses. (Round your relative frequency answers to 2 decimal places.) b. Choose the bar chart for this data using frequencies.

a.) a. freq: 100; relative freq: 0.40; % freq: 40 b. freq: 25; relative freq: 0.10; % freq: 10 c. freq: 75; relative freq: 0.30; % freq: 30 d. freq: 50; relative freq: 0.20 % freq: 20 b.) figure A is correct

HW #4 Consider the following data on distances traveled by people to visit the local amusement park and calculate the relative frequency for the shortest distance. 1. distance: 1-8 miles; frequency: 15 2. distance: 9-16 miles; frequency: 12 3. distance: 17-24 miles; frequency: 7 4. distance: 25-32 miles; frequency: 5 5. distance: 33-40 miles; frequency: 1 a. .300 b. .375 c. .333 d. .150 e. .500

b. .375

HW #4 822 recently purchased books were randomly selected from all recent book purchases over the Internet. The chart below shows the breakdown of the classification of the book type. What percentage of the books in the sample were self-help books? 1. top 50 fiction: 189 2. children's books: 168 3. mystery: 153 4. sci/fi: 147 5. self-help books: 94 6. biographies: 34 7. classical books: 22 8. textbooks: 15 a. 0.940 b. 11.44 c. 1.82 d. .1144 e. 0.0182

b. 11.44

HW #4 Which of the following is a type of question used in survey research? a. dichotomous b. All of the other answers are correct. c. multiple-choice d. open-ended

b. All of the other answers are correct.

HW #4 ________ and ________ are used to describe qualitative (categorical) data. a. Pie charts, histograms b. Bar charts, pie charts c. Scatter plots, histograms d. Stem-and-leaf displays, scatter plots e. Dot plots, bar charts

b. Bar charts, pie charts

HW #3 Amazon collects random reviews from their customers on the West Coast as the data they use for their nationwide marketing plan. This sample suffers from which sampling bias? a. Response Bias b. Undercoverage c. Recording Error d. Nonresponse Error

b. Undercoverage

HW #4 The number of measurements falling within a class interval is called the ________. a. leaf b. frequency c. relative frequency d. cumulative sum

b. frequency

HW #2 Which of the following is a quantitative variable? a. whether a person has a charge account b. mileage of a car c. a person's gender d. the manufacturer of a cell phone e. whether a person is a college graduate

b. milage of a car

HW #2 A(n) ________ variable is a qualitative variable such that there is no meaningful ordering or ranking of the categories. a. ratio b. nominative c. interval d. ordinal

b. nominative

HW #3 The 2020 Presidential Election was in November and we saw reports on the percentage of Americans who were registered to vote in the national. If we wanted to sample all registered to vote in the national election. If we wanted to sample all registered voters in the United States and avoid bias, as well as, save time and money, the appropriate sampling method to use would be: a. Stratified Random Sampling by States b. Systematic Random Sampling of registered voters c. Cluster Random Sampling by regions nationwide d. Simple Random Sampling of registered voters e. Voluntary Sampling by States

c. Cluster Random Sampling by regions nationwide

HW #3 In ________ we select elements because they are easy to sample. a. random sampling b. judgment sampling c. convenience sampling d. probability sampling

c. convenience sampling

HW #4 A Yes or No question is ________. a. open-ended b. systematic c. dichotomous d. evaluative

c. dichotomous

HW #2 A person's telephone area code is an example of a(n) ________ variable. a. ordinal b. ratio c. nominative d. interval

c. nominative

HW #2 Measurements from a population are called... a. processes. b. variables. c. observations. d. elements.

c. observations.

HW #2 An identification of police officers by rank would represent a(n) ________ level of measurement. a. nominative b. ratio c. ordinal d. interval

c. ordinal

HW #2 A doctor's office needs to know how many of their services are used by their patients during a one year time period. Before a patient leaves their office, a summary report includes the date, the doctor they saw, the services provided, and the total charge for each service. Which of the following datasourcing methods best describes this data collection scenario? a. None of these b. Survey c. Point of Sale d. Clickstream e. Social Media f. Observation

c. point of sale

HW #4 The proportion of measurements in a class is called the ________ of that class. a. cumulative percentage b. leaf c. relative frequency d. frequency

c. relative frequency

HW #3 A ________ is a subset of the units in a population. a. census b. process c. sample d. variable

c. sample

HW #4 The following is a partial relative frequency distribution of grades in an introductory statistics course. Find the relative frequency for the B grade. 1. grade - A ;relative freq. - 0.22 2. grade - B ;relative freq. - ? 3. grade - C ;relative freq. - 0.18 4. grade - D ;relative freq. - 0.17 5. grade - F ;relative freq. - 0.06 a. .47 b. .65 c. .27 d. .37 e. .78

d. .37

HW #2 Which of the following describes the steps of the Analytic Process after we know the business problem? a. Collect Descriptives-Choose Sampling Method-Make Prediction-Ask Next Question b. Collect Descriptives-Ask the Next Question-Choose Sampling Method-Make Prediction c. Choose DataSourcing Method-Choose Sampling Method-Collect Descriptives-Make Prediction-Ask Next Question d. Choose DataSourcing Method-Collect Descriptives-Make Prediction-Ask Next Question e. None of these f. Choose Sampling Method-Choose DataSourcing Method-Make Prediction-Ask Next Question

d. Choose DataSourcing Method-Collect Descriptives-Make Prediction-Ask Next Question

HW #3 A local store wants to find out if a new item is linked by their customers. They ask the first 10 customers that enter the store and use only this data. This is an example of _________ sampling. a. Cluster b. Simple Random c. Response d. Convenient e. Stratified Random

d. Convenient

HW #4 Use the Pareto Chart given in the lecture powerpoint to answer this question. What are the "vital few" defect(s) that should be corrected based on the 80/20 Pareto Principle? a. Smudged Label and Other b. Loose Label c. Crooked Label, Printing Error, and Wrinkled Label d. Crooked Label, Missing Label, Printing Error, Loose Label e. Crooked Label

d. Crooked Label, Missing Label, Printing Error, Loose Label

HW #2 In the Analytic Process, the next step after the descriptives (descriptives is the data that has occurred up to the current point in time) have been collected, is to use the data to... a. Make an actionable decision b. Conduct a random sample c. None of these d. Make predictions e. Ask the next question

d. Make predictions

HW #3 Which of the following questions would result in Response Bias? a. Would you attend a cooking demonstration? b. What do you think is the best way to remove trash from our waterways? c. Would you prefer to eat a steak or a peanut butter sandwich? d. Since hacking is so common, are you confident that the information you provide online is secure? e. None of the questions would result in a bias

d. Since hacking is so common, are you confident that the information you provide online is secure?

HW #3 ________ occurs when some population elements are excluded from the process of selecting the sample. a. Error of observation b. Sample frame c. Nonresponse d. Undercoverage

d. Undercoverage

HW #3 Examining all population measurements is called ________. a. sample b. frame c. variable d. census

d. census

HW #3 A set of all elements we wish to study is called a ________. a. sample b. process c. census d. population

d. population

HW #2 A commercial shipping company operates a large fleet of trucks. The company needs to collect data on vehicle usage including acceleration, braking, and vehicle maintenance such as fluid levels. The datasourcing method needed to collect the data for this scenario is... a. Point of Sale b. None of these c. Clickstream d. Sensor e. Social Media

d. sensor

HW #3 Nonoverlapping groups of similar elements in a population are called a. stages. b. clusters. c. frames. d. strata.

d. strata.

HW #3 StitchFix wants to make sure different specific characteristics, such as all different age groups, are represented in their sample. The appropriate sampling method they should use is: a. Voluntary Sampling b. Systematic Sampling c. Cluster Sampling d. Convenient Sampling e. Simple Random Sampling f. Stratified Random Sampling

f. Stratified Random Sampling

HW #2 T/F: Business analytics is a new field that does not use traditional statistics to analyze big data.

false

HW #3 T/F: A low response rate has no effect on the validity of a survey's findings.

false

HW #3 T/F: A quantitative variable can also be referred to as a categorical variable.

false

HW #3 T/F: Convenience sampling is a type of probability sampling in which we select elements to sample because we believe they have the highest probability of responding.

false

HW #3 T/F: Errors of non-observation occur when data values are recorded incorrectly.

false

HW #3 T/F: If we examine some of the population measurements, we are conducting a census of the population.

false

HW #3 T/F: In order to select a stratified random sample, we divide the population into overlapping groups of similar elements.

false

HW #4 T/F: When data are qualitative, the bars should never be separated by gaps.

false

HW #3 StitchFix has 1000 customers they sampled by age. They should use _________ random sampling to randomly select 50 customers from each age group.

stratified

HW #3 By randomly selecting a starting point then choosing every 50th person, we are conducting a ________ random sample.

systematic

HW #3 T/F: A common practice in selecting a sample from a large geographic area is multistage cluster sampling.

true

HW #3 T/F: A population is a set that includes all elements about which we wish to draw a conclusion.

true

HW #3 T/F: A random sample is selected so that every element in the population has the same chance of being included in the sample.

true

HW #3 T/F: A recording error is an error of observation.

true

HW #3 T/F: By taking a systematic sample in which we select every 100th shopper arriving at a specific store, we are approximating a random sample of shoppers.

true

HW #3 T/F: In systematic sampling, the first element is randomly selected from the first (N/n) elements.

true

HW #3 T/F: It is possible to use a random sample from a population to make statistical inferences about the entire population.

true

HW #3 T/F: Sampling error occurs because a characteristic of a random sample may not exactly equal the population characteristic that we are attempting to estimate.

true

HW #3 T/F: Stratification can at times be combined with multistage cluster sampling to develop an appropriate sample.

true

HW #4 T/F: A bar chart is a graphic that can be used to depict qualitative data.

true

HW #4 T/F: The relative frequency is the frequency of a class divided by the total number of measurements.

true