BUS 100 Exam 3
Which management skill would enable a manager to understand and get along with other people?
human relations skills
management
planning organizing leading controlling
transformational leadership
set of abilities that allows a leader to recognize the need for change
European leaders must often be aggressive, and meetings are frequently characterized by loud verbal exchanges and arguments. In Japan, emphasis is put on consensus building and polite exchanges of dialogue. This example shows that _______ play a growing role in organizations as their workforces become more diverse.
cross-cultural factors
As an entry-level employee in a large financial services firm, you notice that some of the other new employees are arriving to work late and leaving early. The BEST course of action would be to _____________.
discuss the issue with your first-line manager
leadership neutralizers
factors that may render leader behaviors ineffective
Christina is the supervisor of customer service and she directly oversees the work of four customer service specialists. Christina would be categorized as a(n) _______ manager.
first-line
At Apple, each business unit has considerable autonomy in deciding how to use the single website at which the company has located its entire range of services. This is an example of a(n) __________ strategy.
functional
General Motors develops ___________ strategies for marketing its vehicles and decides how best to achieve corporate goals by performing activities effectively.
functional
Wells Fargo employees created thousands of fake demand deposit accounts to fulfill performance quotas set by upper management. As managers, the lesson we can learn from this is that _______ can create ________.
performance goals; counterproductive behavior
financial managers
plan and oversee its accounting functions and financial resources
strategic plans
plans reflecting decisions about recourse allocations, company priorities, and steps needed to meet strategic goals
operations managers
responsible for production, inventory, and quality control.
What are the three acquired needs identified by McClelland's theory?
Achievement, affiliation, and power
Juan has always been known as an imaginative "big picture" person. He sees the world in terms of possibilities and abstract concepts rather than realities, and often relies on his instincts or interpretations of situations or people. Which dimension of the Myers-Briggs framework does this describe?
intuition
management by objective (MBO)
set of procedures involving mangers and subordinates in setting goals and evaluating progress
A manager who subscribes to Theory X management would believe which of the following?
employees need close supervision and correction
Telecommuting surged during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic as people were either encouraged or required to work remotely. Some firms felt that remote work was so effective that it would become permanent. This new working environment is an example of_______.
virtual leadership
Donald Trump's successful bid for the U.S. presidency was fueled by many people's perceptions that he was both a transformational and charismatic leader. He talked about the need to change issues such as health care, immigration, and foreign policy. A transformational leader exhibits _______.
vision, dedication, and preserve
CEO Scott Kirby at United Airlines wants to continue to improve operational efficiency, revenues, and profits while improving customer service. Kirby is also focused on how to address sharp declines in air travel due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This is an example of _________.
goal setting
You just interviewed a college graduate from another state and even though she has no real work history, she seems like a perfect fit for the job. She has relocated and can start work soon. Which inducement will MOST likely appeal to her in her current situation?
pay
Irma, the business administration department chair, observes a trend of increased enrollments in online college courses versus traditional face-to-face courses. She establishes a goal of introducing three new online courses during the fall semester and maps out the steps that the department needs to address to develop these course offerings. Which management function does this BEST describe?
planning
organizational citizenship
positive behaviors that do not directly contribute to the bottom line
referent power
power based on identification, imitation, loyalty, or charisma
expert power
power derived from information or expertise
legitimate power
power granted through the organizational hierarchy
The symptoms of employee disengagement described in this video will likely lead to ______ if the manager does not step in to solve these problems.
High turnover
Which of the following are the four basic functions of management?
Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling
_______holds that people are naturally energetic, growth-oriented, self-motivated, and interested in being productive.
Theory Y
conceptual skills
abilities to think in the abstract, diagnose and analyze different situations, and see beyond the present situation
power
ability to affect the behavior of others
According to the steps in the control process, if performance varies each year against standards, managers should _______.
adjust performance or standards
leadership
agenda setting aligning inspiring monitoring
telecommuting
allows people to perform some or all of a job away from an office
On your most recent performance evaluation, you scored highly on your abilities to control situations, direct work, supervise people, monitor performance, make decisions, and structure activities. In order to be a more effective leader in your company, which attribute would be BEST to focus on developing?
coaching
Avi was late returning from lunch for the second time in a week. His boss sent him home without pay for the remainder of the day. This is an example of _______ power.
coercive
According to the _______ approach to leadership, there are rules for deciding how much participation to allow.
decision tree
As resource allocator, the manager at the Friend's Meat Packing Co. decides how resources are distributed and with whom he or she will work most closely. For example, a manager at Friend's allocates the funds in the unit's operating budget among the unit's members and projects. This is an example of a(n) _________ role.
decisional
Each month, HR manager Alexandra sends out a newsletter to employees in the organization, highlighting specific employee benefits and advising employees of ways in which they can capitalize on those benefits. Which basic managerial role would this BEST describe?
disseminator
Carlos, the director of the local humane shelter, gives the keynote speech at a national conference on animal welfare. Which managerial role does this BEST describe?
figurehead
After working for Stafford Automotive Group as an automotive technician for the last four years, Chico was promoted to the position of service manager. He now oversees the work of the other automotive technicians and shop attendants, is responsible for training them, and manages the parts inventory. Chico would be considered a(n) _______ manager.
first-line
_______ are often seen as rising stars, and the manager trusts them to work and perform at a high level. This is also the group that the manager talks to most, offering support and advice, and they are given the best opportunities to test their skills and grow. So, of course, they are more likely to develop in their roles.
in-group members
Hawthorne effect
increase in productivity if believing they are receiving special treatment
flextime programs
increasing job satisfaction by adjusting work schedules
ethical leadership
leader behaviors that reflect high ethical standards
strategic leadership
leaders ability to understand the complexities of both the organization and its environment and lead to change in the organization to enhance it
virtual leadership
leadership in settings where leaders and followers interreact electronically rather than in face to face
When a manager works to motivate, inspire, and encourage employees to meet the organization's stated objectives, which function of management is s/he performing?
leading
turnover
occurs when people quit their jobs
crisis management
organization's methods for dealing with emergencies
theory y
people are energetic ambitious, seek responsibility selfless business growth and change intelligent
positive reinforcement
rewards that follows desired behaviors
time management skills
skills associated with the productive use of time
decision-making skills
skills in defining problems and selecting the best courses of action
Corporate culture would BEST be described as _______.
the "feel" of the organization
Research showed that productivity rose in response to almost any management action that workers interpreted as special attention. This phenomenon is called________.
the Hawthorne effect
Melinda firmly believes that decisions should be made based on facts and logic, not on emotions or subjective factors. Which dimension of the Myers-Briggs framework does this describe?
thinking
To change a corporate culture, companies must have _______.
top management formulate a vision of new company
charismatic leadership
type of influence based on the leader's personal charisma
strategic goals
goal derived directly from a firm's mission statement
Objectives that a business hopes and plans to achieve are referred to as _______.
goals
Basketball legend LeBron James of the Lakers has a lifetime contract with Nike and will be shooting his way through Nike products for a long time. Celebrity endorsements are an example of _______ power.
referent
functional strategy
strategy by which managers in specific areas decide how best to achieve corporate goals through productivity
_________ is a set of procedures involving both managers and subordinates in setting goals and evaluating progress.
management by objectives
reward power
the power to give or withhold rewards
Starbucks intends to: "establish Starbucks as the premier purveyor of the finest coffee in the world while maintaining our uncompromising principles while we grow." This is an example of _________.
a mission statement
A decision that has a "ready-made" solution because it has been evaluated and resolved in the past is known as _______.
a programmed decision
At Medical Center Hospital, the surgery department orders masks and gloves for employees every quarter or when the supply reaches the 25 percent level. This is an example of ______.
a programmed decision
You may like one of your classes, dislike another, and be indifferent toward a third. If the class you dislike is an elective, you may not be concerned about your grade. But if it is the first course in your chosen major, your reaction may cause anxiety. Which element of your attitude does this example best describe?
affect
big 5 personality traits
agreeableness (ability to get along with others) conscientiousness (Indvidual's persistence, dependableness, orderliness) emotionality (positive or negative) extraversion (comfort level with relationships) openness (how open one is with their beliefs)
According to expectancy theory, an employee is likely to ask which of the following questions before deciding to exert maximum effort toward completing a task?
am I likely to receive the reward if I perform well
Which of the following would be characterized as an individual factor that serves as a leadership neutralizer?
ana has more experience in electrical engineering than her supervisor, along with an advanced degree in her field
leader-member exchange model (LMX)
approach to leadership that stresses the importance of variable relationships between supervisors and each of their subordinates
Which "Big Five" personality trait would characterize an individual's attention to detail, organization, and self-discipline?
conscientiousness
Your company has entered into a five-year lease for a building for your business, but it now looks as if it will cost up to half a million dollars to bring the facility up to code and to your operating standards. Rather than attempting to break the lease and find a better location, the facilities committee is focusing on trying to salvage this deal, even though it looks like a bad decision. Which is the MOST LIKELY behavioral aspect you are facing?
escalation of commitment
In the wake of scandals at Boeing, Wells Fargo, Volkswagen, Toshiba, and Walmart, business leaders are being called on to maintain high standards for their conduct, and to hold others in their organizations to the same standards—in short, to practice _______ leadership.
ethical
When Loretta is suspended for swearing at an abusive customer, the other customer service representatives are more careful to watch how they behave toward customers. This is an example of _______.
social learning
classical theory of motivation
workers are motivated by money
Which of the following activities would be involved in the organizing function of management?
Janet makes a monthly schedule for staffing the restaurant that she manages
_______ is a method of increasing job satisfaction by establishing a more satisfactory fit between workers and their jobs.
Job redesign
job enrichment
method of increasing job satisfaction by adding motivating factors to job activities
employee behavior
the pattern of actions by the members of an organization that directly or indirectly influences the organization's effectiveness
intermediate goals
1-5 years
environmental analysis
process of scanning the business environment for threats and opportunities
marketing managers
Plans and implements the marketing activities that result in the transfer of products from producer to consumer
information managers
Responsible for the systems used for gathering organizing and distributing information used
Angry with her supervisor over a reprimand, Sasha deliberately deletes a report on a coworker's computer. This is an example of _______.
a counterproductive behavior
When a US Airways flight crashed into the Hudson River, all members of the flight crew knew exactly what to do, without waiting for orders. As a result of their actions, a disaster was averted, and all passengers were rescued. This is an example of _______.
a leadership substitutes
Research on gender and leadership has shown one difference that has arisen in some cases is that women may be slightly more democratic in making decisions, whereas men have a tendency to be somewhat more ______.
autocratic
During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, some workers at Amazon walked off their jobs because they felt the firm was not doing enough to protect their health. According to the two-factor theory, this is an example of _______.
hygiene factors
In her job as a teacher, Shari tends to focus on a few tasks at one time. She is organized in preparing lesson plans, systematic, careful, thorough, responsible, and self-disciplined. Shari exhibits a high level of ________.
conscientiousness
A key concept in reinforcement/behavior modification is that _______.
consequences follow behavior
When the COVID-19 pandemic hit in 2020, Disney was able to utilize many components of its existing weather-based plans to systematically close its theme parks and then its adjacent resorts. Disney does a good job of _______.
contingency planning
When the COVID-19 pandemic hit in 2020, the Metropolitan Opera cancelled its season but was able to utilize many components of its existing programs on the radio and online to replace live performances at Lincoln Center in New York. This is an example of _______.
contingency planning
A doctor has power over his patients when they go to visit him. Why? Because on the subject of health and wellness, doctors are considered to have special training and knowledge. This is an example of _______ power in the field of medicine.
expert
According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following would be MOST likely to result in a higher level of employee motivation?
monthly employees recognition luncheons
Eve tried out for the soccer team at her high school because her classes are virtual, and she wants to get some exercise. She didn't get accepted to the team. She applied to her former soccer team but didn't meet the residency requirements. She kept on applying and was finally accepted to the Sleepy Hollow co-ed soccer team. Which aspect of emotional intelligence does Eve's behavior exemplify?
motivating oneself
expectancy theory
motivation to work because they believe they have a reasonable change of obtaining something
mission statement
organization's statement of how it will achieve its purpose in the environment in which its conducts its business
You have been working hard to impress your boss. In addition to your attention to both quality and quantity of work, you show up on time, leave promptly at the end of the day, and keep to yourself, ignoring office politics. You have been passed over for promotions, despite your excellent work performance. This is MOST LIKELY due to your lack of _______.
organizational citizenship
Which of the following functions would be part of the leading function of management?
the sales manager of an automotive dealership holds a rally familiarize the sales staff with the features of the new model year cars and get them enthused about selling them
performance behaviors
the total set of work-related behaviors that the organization expects employees to display
path goal theory
theory of leadership that is direct extension of the expectancy theory of motivation
punishment
unpleasant consequences of undesirable behavior
tactical plans
generally short-term plan concerned with implementing specific aspects of a company's strategic plans
Catherine is the manager of a hair salon. In order to increase sales, she decided to offer a customer discount on a haircut and color. At the end of the quarter, she reviews sales data to determine how successful her decision was. Which step in the rational decision-making process does this represent?
following up and evaluating the results
contingency planning
identifying aspects of a business or its environment that might entail changes in strategy
The type of power that a person in an organization has when s/he has control over employees in lower positions or levels within the organization is known as _______ power.
legitimate
The operations manager of a firm would be categorized as a _______ manager in the organization.
middle
Managers who use this style develop a structured workplace with clearly defined priorities and schedules. This is an example of a(n) _______ leadership.
task-focused
The Meyers Briggs framework
(Personality types) extraversion vs introversion sensing vs intuition thinking vs feeling judging vs perceiving
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
(Arguing that basic needs must be fulfilled before people work to satisfy high level needs) Level 1: physiological needs security needs social needs esteem needs self-actualization needs
short term goals
1 year
A new college grad gets a job at a salary of $65,000 a year and an inexpensive company car. If he learns that another new employee received $75,000 and a more expensive company car, he feels that the situation is unfair. This is an example of which theory?
Equity theory
Top managers in an organization would likely be involved in which of the following functions?
Establish of general policies and formulation of strategies
Xin would like to be promoted to shift supervisor, but he knows that, without a college degree, he won't even be considered as a candidate. As a result, he sometimes slacks in his performance, knowing that a promotion isn't a possibility. Xin's lack of motivation could BEST be described by which theory of motivation?
Expectancy theory
When the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic swept the globe, many people lost their jobs. During this period, physiological and security issues became much more important to these individuals than pursuing challenging projects. This is an example of _______.
Maslow's Hierarchy of needs
informational roles
a category of managerial roles, including monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson
Charismatic leadership is based on the leader's interpersonal attraction that inspires support and acceptance. Charismatic leaders have confidence in their beliefs and ideals and a strong need to influence people. To become a charismatic leader, which of the following talents would you choose?
articulating and promoting a compelling vision
counterproductive behaviors
behaviors that distract from organizational performance
The ability to punish a subordinate is associated with _______ power.
coercive
Attitudes are comprised of three dimensions: intention, affect, and _______.
cognitive
transactional leadership
comparable to management, it involves routine, regimented activities
The shared experiences, stories, beliefs, and norms that characterize an organization reflect its _______.
corporate culture
Sadhana Smiles, the management expert interviewed in this video, identifies several aspects of employee disengagement, including arriving late, leaving early, pessimism, and negativity. All of these are examples of:
counterproductive behvaiors
Because of the devastation caused by the California wildfires in 2020, there is a new wildfire readiness guide and evacuation plan offered online. This is an example of ________.
crisis management
As the video notes, good managers pick up on subtle clues that their employees are disengaged or unhappy. Picking up on these clues requires a good level of self-awareness, empathy, and social skills. Managers also need to manage their own emotions so that they do not become resentful of their employees. In other words, managers must _______ to manage and decrease counterproductive employee behaviors.
demonstrate high emotional intelligence
The leader behaviors identified by the path-goal theory are _______.
directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented
After two assembly line employees have a loud argument in the cafeteria, the foreman calls them into his office to resolve the conflict. Which basic managerial role does this BEST describe?
disturbance handler
A colleague who has been reprimanded by the boss might want to share his feelings with you. You listen empathetically, then objectively explain the possible reasons for the boss's anger and advise your colleague on how to avoid this in the future. And you do all this without upsetting or offending your colleague. This is a classic example of using _______.
emotional intelligence
The pattern of actions by the members of an organization that directly or indirectly influences the organization's effectiveness is called ________.
employee behavior
ronique is a "people person" when it comes to managing her department. She is friendly and approachable and strives to make the workplace a happy, pleasant environment. This BEST describes _______ leader behavior.
employee-focused
When a firm uses _______, it gives its employees a voice in how they do their jobs and in how the company is managed; the employees become empowered to take greater responsibility for their own performance.
empowerment
On December 31, you award your hardest working employee who has been with you for 20 years a $10,000 bonus. You also give employees who have been with you for far less time a $2,000 bonus. Although this was not made public, the newer employees found out about the discrepancy and are now grumbling. What motivational theory relates to this situation?
equity
Suppose that, following the advice given in this video, a manager hires a consultant to determine the sources of unhappiness in her work team. After spending time with each employee, the consultant reports the team members' overarching concern that other employee groups, who work fewer hours and bring in much less revenue, earn more money than they do. The team's concern is best understood in terms of which motivation theory?
equity theory
Lula failed to get a promotion and feels that this action was due to a politically motivated boss or just bad luck, rather than to her lack of skills. People who think that forces beyond their control dictate what happens to them have _______.
external locus of control
In a law firm, administrative staff can alter the times they come in for work and leave at the end of the day as long as they work 8 hours and are in the office between 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. This is an example of _______.
flextime
To help firms transfer their corporate culture to different locations, the trend is to transfer U.S. managers rather than hire local managers. For this reason, it is important that managers have _________.
global management skills
Ari is the manager of employee assistance programs for a large state university. In this role, he provides short-term counseling services to faculty and staff and their families with respect to personal, career/work-related, and behavioral health problems or makes referrals for longer-term counseling to a network of partner firms. Which managerial skills would likely be the MOST crucial to the performance of Ari's job?
human relations skills
contingency plans accomplish which of the following
identify an organization's strategies for responding to change
leadership substitutes
individual, task, and organizational characteristics that tend to outweigh the need for a leader to imitate or direct the employee performance
During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic many managers had to make decisions about closures and changes to operating procedures based on their intuition, and they relied heavily on personal judgment. This example shows that the art of management depends on _________.
intuition and personal judgement
social learning
learning that occurs when people observe the behaviors of other
The interviewer in this video notes that a higher level of unhappiness among workers tends to result in more HR-related questions about contractual obligations, employment conditions, and so on. The employees who ask these questions are likely to have _______ job satisfaction and _______ organizational commitment.
low, low
The prime minister of Canada, curators at New York's Museum of Modern Art, the dean of your college, and the chief administrator of your local hospital are all _________ (although they may have different titles).
managers
participative management and empowerment
method of increasing hob satisfaction by giving employees a voice in the management
Clara is the central region sales manager for a large electronics distributor. Reporting to her are district sales managers in Chicago, Milwaukee, Indianapolis, Cincinnati, and Detroit, a regional customer service manager, and an administrative assistant. Clara would likely be characterized as a(n) _______ manager.
middle
Starbucks intends to "establish Starbucks as the premier purveyor of the finest coffee in the world while maintaining our uncompromising principles while we grow." This is an example of a ___________.
missions statement
equity theory
motivation by the treatment of others
Ahava is curious and willing to listen to new ideas and to change her own ideas, beliefs, and attitudes in response to new information. Which "Big Five" personality trait does this BEST exemplify?
openness
Among other duties, _________ are responsible for production, inventory, and quality control. Manufacturing companies such as General Electric, General Motors, and Caterpillar have a strong need for these managers at many levels.
operations managers
During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, many individuals, especially those in the health care industry and first responders, stepped forward and worked beyond the normal scope of their jobs. This is an example of ________.
organizational citizenship
Which of the following is a positive employee behavior?
organizational citizenship
four leading causes of wasted time:
paperwork telephone calls meetings emails and SMS
Farah makes it a practice to consult with her staff before making major decisions that affect the department. She believes it is important to consider their concerns and process their inputs. According to the path-goal theory, what type of leader behavior does Farah display?
participative
theory x
people are lazy lack ambition, dislike responsibility self-centered resist change gullible, not bright
You have just discovered that one of your most effective, creative, and long-term team members is desperately unhappy in her work translating English product instructions into her native language, Spanish. In her spare time, she paints and has even shown her artwork in galleries. Her unhappiness is MOST LIKELY due to poor _______.
person job fit
_______ is the enduring pattern of behaviors, emotions, and psychological attributes that characterize an individual.
personality
operational plans
plan setting short-term targets for daily, weekly, or monthly performance
Kevin Johnson is the CEO of Starbucks. He is responsible for developing strategies to keep Starbucks growing while maintaining quality. Which BEST describes the CEO's job?
planning
organized analysis
process of analyzing a firm's strengths and weaknesses
strategic management
process of helping an organization maintain an effect alignment with its environment
Which of the following is NOT a leading cause of wasted time for managers?
productivity
decision tree approach
provides decision rules for deciding how much participation to allow
human relations skills
skills in understanding and getting along with people
technical skills
skills needed to perform specialize tasks
Pascal is the sales manager of a large car dealership. He wants to increase sales significantly over the next quarter, and after talking with his staff and giving the matter some thought, he decides that offering a customer rebate on new vehicles is the best strategy to achieve this. What decision-making condition does this BEST describe?
state of uncertainty
_______ plans are typically established by a firm's top management team and reflect long-term goals or initiatives of the organization in terms of resource allocation and company priorities.
strategic
_______is a leader's ability to understand the complexities of both the organization and its environment and to lead change in the organization so as to enhance its competitiveness.
strategic leadership
corporate strategy
strategy for determining the firm's overall attitude towards growth and the way it will manage its business or product lines
Business (or competitive) strategy
strategy, at the business-unit or product-line level, focusing on improving a firm's competitive position
What are the elements of a SWOT analysis?
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats
Research that investigated what behaviors were employed by effective leaders suggested that there are two types of leader behaviors: _______ and _______ behavior.
task-focused, employee-focused
In running your bookkeeping business, you find it hard to keep good employees because the commute into the city can take as long as two hours each way. To reduce turnover, your BEST alternatives would be to offer _______ and _______.
telecommuting; flextime
risk propensity
the extent to which a decision maker is willing to gamble when making a decision
coercive power
the power to force compliance by means of psychological emotional or physical threat
Which of the following is the BEST description of leadership?
the processes behaviors used to motivate, inspire, and influence others toward achievement of organizational goals
An individual's beliefs about the exchange of effort for rewards in the workplace form the basis of _______.
the psychological contract
corporate culture
the shared experiences, stories, beliefs, and norms that characterize and organization
_______ focuses on the leader and not on how he or she responds to the followers or the situation. It assumes that it is the leader and his/her personality that are central to the leadership process.
trait approach
Workers will be dissatisfied if they believe they have poor working conditions. During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic some workers walked off their jobs because they felt the firm wasn't doing enough to protect their health. This is an example of hygiene factors according to _______.
two factor theory
long term goals
typically 5+ years
_______ leadership has become increasingly critical for organizations utilizing alternative workplace options such as telecommuting and geographically dispersed teams.
virtual
state of risk
when the availability of each alternative and its potential payoffs and costs are all associated with probability estimates
state of uncertainty
when the decision maker doesn't know all the alternatives, the risks associated with each, or the likely consequences of each alternatives
state of certainty
when the decision maker knows with reasonable certainty what the alternatives are and what conditions are associated with each alternative
HR managers
who hire and train employees, evaluate performances and determine compensation
________refers to the identification and analysis of organizational strengths and weaknesses and environmental opportunities and threats as part of strategy formulation.
SWOT analysis
When he started work at the law firm, Todd was dismayed that employees were routinely expected to work long hours, including weekends, and that the atmosphere among attorneys was intensely competitive rather than cooperative. These observations reflect the _______ of the firm.
corporate culture
The makers of WD-40 concentrate almost exclusively on that brand. Some corporations own and operate only a single business. This example shows that the purpose of _________ is to determine what business or businesses a company will own and operate.
corporate strategy
Antonia has spent the morning reviewing data from the manufacturing department to determine whether finished products are meeting the quality standards established by the organization. Which function of management does this BEST describe?
controlling
________ is the process of monitoring a firm's performance to make sure that it is meeting its goals.
controlling
Mauricio believes in a leading a healthy lifestyle and works out at a gym three times a week. Yet, he eats high-calorie candy and cookies at work. This is an example of _______.
cognitive dissonance
To monitor a firm's performance toward goal achievement, a manager should first __________.
establish performance standards
Sheila is a violinist who was hired by the Indianapolis Symphony in 2020. She holds a graduate degree in Music. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Indianapolis Symphony cancelled its season, and Sheila is out of work. She has taken a job at Home Depot to pay her bills. According to Maslow's hierarchy of human needs, Sheila cannot fulfill the need of self-actualization by playing the violin until she fulfills her _______ needs by paying her rent and buying food.
psychological
As a supervisor, you expect your employees to work overtime if the job is not done, but your employees choose to leave at the end of the regular workday. These conflicting expectations are MOST likely a result of a problem with the ________.
psychological contract
Ali was suspended without pay from her job as a customer service representative for cursing at a customer. According to reinforcement/behavior modification, this is an example of _______.
punishment
According to _______, manufacturing plants across the United States were hiring experts to perform time-and-motion studies: Industrial engineering techniques were applied to each facet of a job to determine how to perform it most efficiently.
scientific management
Overall, Javier feels good about himself. He knows he is not without faults, but he believes he is a caring person, a trustworthy, conscientious employee, and a loving husband and father. This reflects Javier's _______.
self esteem
Dell's effort to extend its distribution expertise into the markets for televisions and other home electronics is an example of __________ planning.
tactical
Which managerial skill set is particularly important for first-line managers?
technical skills
Which of the following BEST describes conceptual skills?
the ability to think creatively, understood complicated or abstract ideas, and see the "big picture"
