BUS 311 Midterm
Technology/ Strategy Fit
- Business IT alignment - Strategic necessity - the goal is to maximize business/ IT alignment
Freeconomics
- affiliate marketing - advertising - subscription - licensing - transaction fees/ brokerage - traditional sales - freemium
IS different levels of control
- executive - managerial - operational
like farming
- when scammers post an attention-grabbing story on FB for the express purpose of cultivating likes and shares
principles of SOA
-reusability - interoperability - componentization
digital business transformation
-use of IT/IS to enable business model ; use of digital technologies to create a robust new digital model
grid computing
A collection of computers, often geographically dispersed, that are coordinated to solve a common problem
________ are represented as a series of ones and zeros and are used to relay data and instructions to and from the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer. A. Protocols B. Morse codes C. Hexadecimal codes D. Binary codes
Binary codes
Which of the following Web 2.0 applications has been classified as the "amateurization" of journalism? A. Instant messaging B. Blogs C. Social presence tools D. Discussion forums
Blogs
Which of the following statements concerning RSS is false? A. A special reader is needed to display RSS content feeds. B. Blogs cannot be part of an RSS feed. C. Subscribers get notifications of changes in content. D. Users can customize the information they want and specify how often they want the information
Blogs cannot be part of an RSS feed.
BYOD
Bring Your Own Device
What are technological solutions that companies in the entertainment industry use to discourage, limit, or prevent illegal copying and distribution of digital media? A. Digital rights management and electronic signature B. Electronic signature and public key infrastructure C. Digital rights management and digital watermark D. Digital watermark and electronic signature
Digital rights management and digital watermark
Which of the following can be cited as an example of outsourcing? A. Audi starts a manufacturing facility in China to take advantage of low labor costs. B. Microsoft hands over its customer service function to Convergys, located in India. C. Dell sources computer parts from suppliers located in Russia. D. Volkswagon acquires a steel manufacturing plant to reduce its overall production costs.
Microsoft hands over its customer service function to Convergys, located in India.
Which of the following is not an example of strategy toward improving business - IT alignment? A. The company ensures that IT employees understand how the company makes money. B. The company views IT as a way to support the business but not as a way to create new revenue streams. C. The company goals are clear to every IT and business employee. D. The company rotates IT professionals into business departments.
The company views IT as a way to support the business but not as a way to create new revenue streams.
What is a relational database?
a database structured to recognize relations among stored items of information.
cloud computing solutions for business
ability to scale up or down based on usage
Operational level
automation; structured nature of decisions; Transaction Processing System
open sourcing
bunch of strangers get together to do something for the common good at no cost
paid search
depends on key words
data model
diagram that represents the entities in the database and their relationships
Platform-Based Business Model
digital ecosystem where business + users co-create value; resource sharing
executive level
focus on long term strategic planning; unstructured nature of decisions; Decision Support System
Information
formatted, organized, and processed data
Revenue model
free product/service is supported by advertising displayed on the website
Knowledge
information mash-ups; use to solve problems
synchronous
occur at the same time (zoom/facetime)
Data
raw symbols, meaningless
utility model
rent as needed, pay as used
modular (data center)
so as to be easily expandable
hardware
supercomputer, mainframe, server, workstation, personal computer, mobile device
information systems
system that people put together so that we can process and use data. It consists of : - information technology, people, data
when do we need relational structure?
when the same data appear in more than one table
the steroids
wifi
_____ conveys understanding, accumulated learning, and expertise as they apply to a current problem. A. Data B. Knowledge C. Wisdom D. Information
Knowledge
Information systems at the ________ level are designed to automate repetitive activities, such as sales transaction processing, and to improve the efficiency of business processes and the customer interface. A. Strategic B. Tactical C. Operational D. Executive and managerial
Operational
Which of the following is not a role that information systems play in businesses processes? A. Monitor process performance and detect problems with the process. B. Execute the process C. Capture and store process data D. Restrict the flow of information between departments and functional areas
Restrict the flow of information between departments and functional areas
For companies operating in the digital world, online collaboration with suppliers, business partners, and customers is crucial to being successful. ________ allow(s) data to be accessed without intimate knowledge of other organizations' systems, enabling machine-to-machine interaction over the Internet. A. Social search B. Microsoft Sharepoint C. RSS feeds D. Web services
Web services
disintermediation
cutting out the "middleman" and reaching customers more directly and efficiently
asynchronous
does not take place in real time (email/Facebook)
advanced cloud applications
(SOA) Service-oriented architecture and web services - enables cooperation of services - considered building blocks
examples of collective intelligence
- Lay's: Do us a Flavor - Mountain Dew: sharing ideas for new cans
organizational requirements for innovation
- Process: willingness to change, eliminate process inefficiencies/redundancies - Resource: must have sufficient resources - Risk tolerance requirements: be able to tolerate risks, don't be scared, don't stop trying
Why is it important for IS users to understand fundamental concepts?
- communicate with the techies - can make educated IS related decisions
taxation
- internet sales are treated as mail-order sales - no sales taxes are paid in states where the company has no presence
A vendor asks its business partners to place logos or banners on their Web sites. If customers click on a logo, visit the vendor's site, and make a purchase, then the vendor pays a commission to the partner. This scenario illustrates which revenue model? A. Affiliate marketing B. e-Tailing C. Internet marketing D. Web advertising
Affiliate marketing
The key to high ranking in search results is to make sure that your website has the right ingredients that search engines need to prepare search results. What are they? A. Title of each page B. Links from other web sites that are directed to your web pages C. The freshness of content D. All of the above
All of the above
All of the following are examples of IS infrastructure components except A. Data centers B. Application software C. System software D. Hardware
Application software
green computing
efficient and environmental friendly use of computing resources
Which of the following actions would fulfill the process requirements for the deployment of an innovative information system? A. concentrating on economies of scale B. eliminating internal bureaucracy C. finding system partners D. hiring the necessary human capital
eliminating internal bureaucracy
IS infrastructure
enables the provision of application software and database
Which of the following is an example of a technological change brought about by globalization? A. enforcement of global patent and copyright laws B. increases in the frequency of international travel C. increases in the levels of immigration D. decentralization of organizations
enforcement of global patent and copyright laws
Service-based business model
made possible by the emergence of IoT, mobile devices, big data and cloud computing; customer does not pay for the product, but for data
clickbait
many organizations create headlines for their stories that are incomplete to encourage users to click on them to get more info
data dictionary
metadata; data about the data
normalization
method for analyzing and reducing a relational database to its most streamlined form to: - minimize redundancy - maximize data integrity - maximize processing performance
managerial level
monitor and control operational-level activities and ensure effective utilization of resources; semi-structured nature of decisions; Management Information System
offshoring
move part of the company abroad
edge computing
moving processing and data storage away from a centralized location to the "edges" of a network
In order to take advantage of the high quality talent pool, Ernst & Young sets up operations in the Philippines and moves part of its tax services to its new facility. Identify this strategy.
offshoring
supply chaining
use IT/IS to improve efficiency of supply chain process
Which of the following statements is true about servers? A. They are optimized for visualization and rendering of three-dimensional models. B. They are used to provide services to users within large organizations or to Web users. C. They are used primarily to assist in solving massive scientific problems. D. They are primarily used as the main, central computing system for major corporations.
They are used to provide services to users within large organizations or to Web users.
Which of the following statements concerning Web 2.0 sites is false? A. They feature remixable applications and data. B. They harness collective intelligence. C. They deliver functionality as services. D. They cannot be used to start a business.
They cannot be used to start a business.
What is _____ is not necessarily _____. A. Unethical, illegal B. Unethical, legal C. Illegal, unethical D. Ethical, illegal
Unethical, illegal
innovation cycle
- put technology ahead of strategy - put technology ahead of marketing - think for the customer
What are the ingredients to high ranking in search results?
- words matter - titles matter - links matter - words in links matter - reputation
designing the database
1. entity or table 2. attribute, field, or column 3. primary keys (PK) 4. foreign keys (FK)
what to do when bad vibes gone viral
1. identify a crisis team 2. identify the worst social media nightmare and the signs to look for 3. monitor social media environment as well as be connected and responsive 4. act fact, the first 24 hours count
TransCorp is a medium-sized IT firm that is looking to outsource its payroll processes. Which of the following statements, if true, would most strengthen the decision to outsource to a company in another country? A. Companies in other countries are more efficient in all aspects of work, along with lower cost. B. Firms across the globe are adopting cloud computing systems. C. Companies in other countries can do the same amount of work at a comparable cost. D. Outsourcing has become a trend among most firms in developed nations.
Companies in other countries are more efficient in all aspects of work, along with lower cost.
Automation and artificial intelligence are changing the nature of work. Which of the following skills are becoming increasingly crucial for the future workforce? A. Basic digital skills and technological skills like programming B. Social and emotional skills such as leadership, managing others, and initiative taking C. Cognitive skills including creativity as well as complex information processing and interpretation D. All of the above
D. All of the above
________ is the process whereby a fully automated electronic commerce transaction eliminates middlemen. A. Disintegration B. Disintermediation C. Direct sales D. Personalization
Disintermediation
________ are new technologies, products, or services that eventually surpass the existing dominant technology or product in a market. A. Constructive innovations B. Destructive innovations C. Disruptive innovations D. Extensive innovations
Disruptive innovations
Which of the following is NOT an effect that E-commerce has had on organizations? A. E-commerce increases the number of potential customers to whom the company can market its products. B. E-commerce is a costly medium for increasing market share. C. E-commerce enables smaller businesses to operate in areas dominated by larger companies. D. E-commerce removes many barriers for start-up businesses.
E-commerce is a costly medium for increasing market share.
Fraudulent transactions often show very distinct patterns. All of the following are some examples of them EXCEPT: A. The order is larger than normal and is to be shipped to foreign high-risk countries. B. Multiple orders consisting largely of big-ticket items are placed using different credit cards and requested to be shipped to the same address. C. Multiple orders consisting largely of big-ticket items are placed using the same credit card over a long period of time. D. The order consisting of multiple items of the same type is placed with a request for an overnight shipping.
Multiple orders consisting largely of big-ticket items are placed using the same credit card over a long period of time.
Which of the following statements is FALSE? A. Search marketing is the practice of trying to increase a company's visibility in search engine results. B. Search engine optimization is a method used to improve a web page's ranking. C. Paid search is a way to ensure that a link to your company's page appears on the first page users see when searching for a specific term. D. Paid inclusion is the practice of paying a fee to display interactive banner ads in the results of an internet search.
Paid inclusion is the practice of paying a fee to display interactive banner ads in the results of an internet search.
With Web 1.0 sites, users ____________, whereas with Web 2.0 sites, users __________. A. Use wired connections, use wireless connections. B. Passively receive information, participate with the site. C. Use HTML, use CCS D. Have to know the address of the site, can use search engines to find a site
Passively receive information, participate with the site.
________ networks enable any computer or device on the network to provide and request services. All members of the network have equivalent capabilities and responsibilities. A. Server-to-peer B. Server-centric C. Peer-to-Peer D. Client-server
Peer-to-Peer
The advent of the Internet together with mobile, social, and cloud computing has enabled new business models. Which of those business models supports the Sharing Economy or an economic system in which assets or services are shared between private individuals either free or for a fee by means of the Internet?
Platform-based business model
Which of the following is not a function of a processing unit? A. Present data in a human understandable format B. Transforms inputs into outputs C. Interprets and manipulates data D. Coordinates and manages all the computations and instructions relayed to it
Present data in a human understandable format
Which of the following statement is false? A. Primary storage provides storage space for data, instructions, and applications currently in use. It is also known as volatile memory. B. Primary storage provides rather permanent storage space for data and instructions that is not directly accessible by the processing unit. C. Primary storage uses memory chips to store data. D. RAM and ROM can be categorized as primary storage.
Primary storage provides rather permanent storage space for data and instructions that is not directly accessible by the processing unit.
Which of the following tasks is performed by the systems software? A. Managing a stock portfolio B. Printing documents C. Writing a business letter D. Coordinating suppliers, product or service production, and distribution
Printing documents
Which of the following statement is false? A. Business-to-consumer e-commerce refers to a company selling its product or service to a traditional customer using the Internet or a mobile platform. B. m-Commerce is any electronic transaction conducted using a wireless mobile device and mobile networks. C. A scenario where a student sells his/her old textbook to Amazon is an example of consumer-to-business e-commerce D. Sales tax is always applied when purchase goods on the Internet.
Sales tax is always applied when purchase goods on the Internet.
Which of the following statement is false? A. The Internet relies on frame-relay technology to deliver data and information across networks. B. TCP/IP protocol defines the procedures that different computers follow when they transmit and receive data. C. A uniform resource locator is used to identify and locate a particular Web page. D. HTML is used to create the basic elements of webpages.
The Internet relies on frame-relay technology to deliver data and information across networks.
Every organization is composed of multiple decision-making levels. Each level has different responsibilities and different information needs. Which of the following statements about the main purpose of information systems used in different decision-making level is TRUE? A. Information systems are supposed to help the organization do things faster and more cheaply at the operational level, smarter at the managerial level, and better at the executive level. B. The objective of IS use at the operational level is to improve organizational effectiveness whereas the objective of IS use at the managerial is to improve organizational efficiency and the objective of IS use at the executive level is to improve organizational strategy and planning.Feedback: The objective of IS use at the operational level is to improve organizational EFFICIENCY whereas the objective of IS use at the managerial is to improve organizational EFFECTIVENESS and the objective of IS use at the executive level is to improve organizational strategy and planning. C. Management information system is an example of information system that automates business activities occurring at the operational level. It helps the organization run its business faster and more cheaply. D. While automation is the main purpose of IS use at the operational level, organizational learning and strategic planning are the main purposes of IS use at the managerial level and executive level respectively.
While automation is the main purpose of IS use at the operational level, organizational learning and strategic planning are the main purposes of IS use at the managerial level and executive level respectively.
Internet of Things (IoT)
a world where interconnected, Internet-enabled devices or "things" can collect and share data without human intervention
With reference to assessing value for the IS infrastructure, architectural value is derived from ________. A. an investment's ability to extend the infrastructure's capabilities to meet business needs today and in the future B. the infrastructure's ability to improve product quality and customer satisfaction C. assessing the extent to which an investment helps to meet requirements for control, security, and integrity as required by a governing body or a key customer D. the infrastructure's ability to enhance the profitability of the business
an investment's ability to extend the infrastructure's capabilities to meet business needs today and in the future
paid inclusion
as long as you pay, search engines will list your company as an ad.
skills for the future workforce
- basic digital skills - advanced technological skills such as programming - social and emotional skills such as leadership, managing others, initiative taking - higher cognitive skills including creativity as well as complex info
examples of pricing model
- cost-per-thousand - pay-per-click - click through rate
social enterprise networking
- culture - network effects and critical mass - technological integration - security
components of digital transformation network
- customer - product - organization - processes & systems
technologies that prevent illegal copying and sharing of digital media
- digital rights management - digital watermark
use automated fraud screening services that provide a risk score based on
- email address - shipping and billing addresses - IP address - transaction pattern
crowdsourcing
- getting tasks that were traditionally performed in-house or by suppliers done by a "crowd" around the world
Technical knowledge skills
- hardware - software - networking
IS infrastructure consists of
- hardware - system software - storage - computer network - data center
collective intelligence (wisdom of the crowd)
- notion where distributed groups of people outperform the capabilities of individual experts - 2 is better than 1
factors that drive collaboration
- outsourcing - insourcing - informing - supply chaining - the steroids - offshoring - open sourcing - offshoring - netscape
Which of the following statements is FALSE? A. Business/IT alignment occurs where information systems offer automating and learning benefits, even though they do not match the overall business strategies. B. Any IS has the potential to be a strategic information system, but not all of them can enable the organization to outperform its rivals. C. IS investment is considered as a strategic necessity when it is something that facilitates day-to-day operation. D. With organization's limited resources, organizations should implement only the information systems that maximize business/IT alignment.
Business/IT alignment occurs where information systems offer automating and learning benefits, even though they do not match the overall business strategies.
To minimize risk, online merchants often use automated fraud screening services that provide the merchants with a risk score based on a number of variables except: A. Transaction volume B. Shipping and billing addresses C. Email addresses D. Date in which the order is placed
Date in which the order is placed
Which of the following occurred when Alvin Toffler's "third wave" gained speed? A. Individuals shifted from handicrafting items for sale to working in factories. B. Information became the currency of the realm. C. Occupations changed to accommodate the mechanized society. D. The ability to perform repetitive tasks became a quality to be instilled and valued.
Information became the currency of the realm.
Which of the following can be cited as an example of a digital divide? A. Lora has access to more information than Frank because she knows how to operate a computer. B. Kevin is more successful than Vincent because of his people skills. C. Unlike Ben, Claudia possesses superior analytical skills, which makes her better at mathematics. D. Unlike Joey, Ryan has access to more books and good advice because he studies in a better school.
Lora has access to more information than Frank because she knows how to operate a computer.
A Web site that combines content from other Web sites to form new content is called a(n) ____. A. Mashup B. Aggregator C. Social network D. Blog
Mashup
IT code of ethics
Privacy, Accuracy, Property, Accessibility
Building relationships, anticipating needs, and providing special deals for the community's members are functions of which category of Web 2.0 applications? A. Social networking B. Crowdsourcing C. Social commerce D. Blogging
Social commerce
Which of the following statement is false? A. To ensure its effectiveness, any Social Enterprise Networking applications should be driven by a specific usage context. B. Successful Social Enterprise Networking implementation requires support and active involvement of senior management so as to cope with the large magnitude of changes. C. Successful implementation of Social Enterprise Networking application is not dependent on the composition of the organization's workforce D. When implement Social Enterprise Networking application, companies must ensure that everything they do is in compliance with rules and regulations such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
Successful implementation of Social Enterprise Networking application is not dependent on the composition of the organization's workforce
Which of the following statements concerning tagging is false? A. Tags can be given to any piece of information or file. B. Tagging is the process of adding metadata to pieces of information C. Tags fall into predefined categories. D. Tags can be used to retrieve Web content.
Tags fall into predefined categories.
Knowledge workers are professionals who ________. A. use their skills to help others gain knowledge B. create, modify, and/or synthesize knowledge as a fundamental part of their jobs C. modify knowledge created by others, but do not create knowledge themselves D. use knowledge to perform their jobs, but do not create knowledge
create, modify, and/or synthesize knowledge as a fundamental part of their jobs
Entity Relationship Model
design entities and relationships in relation to business processes
To assist ________ decision making, information systems are used to obtain aggregate summaries of trends and projections of the future. A. executive-level B. managerial-level C. operational-level D. functional-level
executive-level
Web 2.0:
facilitates interaction/participation
data center
facility that houses computer systems and associated components including telecommunications and storage systems
insourcing
hire third party but able to cut down the # of steps & time to complete business processes
outsourcing
hire third party company to do something for you
search engine optimization (SEO)
improves websites ranking in search results, be able to be listed on the first page
The network effect refers to the notion that the value of a network is dependent on ________. A. the number of other users B. the commitment of the users C. the knowledge of the users D. the speed of the network
the number of other users
Manufacturers of hardware and software often apply the concept of planned obsolescence, meaning that ________. A. the product is designed in such a way as to extend its life span B. the companies have already decided when to launch their next product C. the product is designed to avoid obsolescence D. the product is designed to last only for a certain life span
the product is designed to last only for a certain life span
Click-through rate reflects ________. A. the ratio of surfers who visited the Web site divided by the number of surfers who clicked on the ad B. the ratio of surfers who click on an ad divided by the number of times it was displayed C. the percentage of visitors who actually perform the marketer's desired action D. the ratio of surfers who clicked on the ad divided by the number of people who made the purchase
the ratio of surfers who click on an ad divided by the number of times it was displayed
Under the ________ model, organizations "rent" resources such as processing, data storage, or networking from an external provider on an as-needed basis and pay only for the services used. A. grid computing B. cluster computing C. distributed computing D. utility computing
utility computing
self sufficient (data center)
with redundant or backup power supplies, redundant data communications connections, environmental controls
