Business Communications Ch. 9-12

ESSAY 2 Discuss the concept of credibility. What is it? Why is it important in persuasive speeches? How do you establish credibility in the eyes of your audience? What behaviors should you avoid that might detract you from your credibility?

- persuasive force that comes from the audience's belief in and respect for the speaker. - Demonstrate competence (1. knowledge of subject 2. credentials, 3. demonstrate ability), Earn the audience's trust (1. honesty, 2. impartiality), emphasize your similarity to the audience (common ground) - Contradictions, bias, baseless claims, not knowing answers to questions

Which of the following is NOT recommended for helping you emphasize the organization of your material in a training session? - number items - use signposts - avoid redundancy - add internal summaries and previews

Avoid redundancy

A boss at a company board meeting explains the company need for use of new technologies and goes on to identify two companies who were forced to file bankruptcy because they didn't use new technologies. Which type of organizational pattern did the president use?

Cause-effect

What are the three functions of Supporting Material?

Clarity, Interest, Proof

Which type of story can be used not only to add interest, but also as proof of your point?

Factual.

(T/F) Avoid rephrasing questions, it will give the impression you are stalling for time.

False

(T/F) If you gather material about your topic before you have completed the supporting points of your outline, you will be wasting your time because you might not use all of the information you find.

False

(T/F) It is considered inappropriate to address the audience with the word "you" during an introduction.

False

(T/F) It's a good idea to leave your visual aid displayed after you're done discussing it so your audience can study it.

False

(T/F) When you are welcoming a guest, you should not identify your own name.

False

(T/F) You can add a professional touch to your presentation by playing segments of a homemade video.

False

_________________ are personalized remarks that you insert into a presentation.

Interjections

The three main parts of a speech are:

Introduction; Body; Conclusion

Which is a guideline for designing effective visuals?

Keep the design simple.

The functions of transitions include all the following EXCEPT: - promoting clear transition of ideas - emphasizing important points - helping listeners anticipate the next point - providing evidence to support a key point

Providing evidence to support a key point

As you begin to develop your presentation, you should determine whom you want to influence & what reaction you want from them. This is called a __________.

Specific goal

All of the following are true about statistics EXCEPT: - Most stats are collections of examples reduced to numerical form - Stats should not be rounded off bc that would make them inaccurate. - When using stats accurately, you show that you're well-informed - Stats are a common form of support in business presentations.

Stats should not be rounded off bc that would make them inaccurate.

(T/F) After the attention getter, you should state your thesis and briefly preview the main points of your speech.

True

(T/F) During an impromptu presentation, state your thesis during the first moments you are addressing the audience.

True

(T/F) One way you can define a word in a speech is by explaining the history of the word.

True

(T/F) The best order for presenting cited material is A) state your point. B) Cite the Source. C) State the content of your citation. D) Interpret how this material impacts audience members

True

(T/F) The method in the text to accepting a reward is: Express gratitude; acknowledge appreciation for contributors; Describe how award will make a difference; Say thank you again.

True

(T/F) To increase speaking confidence, anticipate glitches and think through ahead of time how you would manage them if they occur.

True

(T/F) Use transitions to highlight the important ideas of your speech.

True

(T/F) Using animated facial expressions will create the impression you are open and confident.

True

(T/F) When delivering a speech, it is appropriate to use personal pronouns and contractions.

True

(T/F) You can use a literal analogy to compare an idea you are proposing to an idea that has already worked well somewhere else

True

(T/F) If you want to use a lengthy complicated quote in your speech, it's advisable to paraphrase it.

True.

As you analyze yourself as a speaker, it is important you ask yourself all of the following questions EXCEPT: - "How can I imitate my favorite public speaker?" - "What do I want my listeners to gain?" - "Am I enthusiastic enough about my topic?" - "Do I have sufficient amount of knowledge on my topic?"

"How can I imitate my favorite public speaker?"

If Ron determines through audience analysis the audience wants to be entertained by his comments, which audience analysis question has he answered?

"What are the personal preferences of the audience members?"

ESSAY: Summarize the guidelines for selecting, designing, and presenting visual aids as described in your text.

- *Selecting/Presenting*: Use visual only when it makes a point better than you alone. Be sure you have a reason for the visual aid. Keep your slideshows brief

ESSAY: Why is it important to organize a presentation? How does organization assist the speaker? How does it assist the listeners?

- Clarity, structure, and appeal. deliver key points backing your thesis. - Boost your image as a speaker, avoids talking too long to get to the point, uses no irrelevant material, uses only necessary information, no ideas mixed up. - Audience understands you better, keeps the audience happy/interested.

ESSAY Describe at least five elements that contribute to visual effectiveness in public speaking.

- Dress effectively - Step up to speak with confidence & authority - Get set before speaking - Begin without looking at your notes - Establish and maintain eye contact - Stand and move effectively. - Don't pack up early - Pause, then move out confidently

ESSAY Top three strategies for conducting a question-and-answer session at the close of the presentation?

- Follow last question with a summary - Address answer to the entire audience - Clarify complicated/confusing questions - Anticipate likely questions - Treat questioners with respect - Start the ball rolling - Keep answers focused on your goal

ESSAY What can you do as a speaker to enhance your VERBAL delivery?

- Keep sentences short - Use personal pronouns freely - Use active voice - Use contractions - Address listeners by name - Don't emphasize mistakes - Use proper vocabulary, enunciation, & pronunciation

ESSAY (cont.) *Design*:

- Large enough to see - Keep design simple - Use only a few words - Use only horizontal printing - Label all items for clear identification - Only display it while you're discussing it - Make sure your visuals will work in the meeting room - Practice using your visuals

ESSAY 3 Imagine a professor in one of your classes has assigned a group presentation as a major component of the class grade. You're placed in a group of people w/ no experience in giving group presentations. What advice would you give to the group to help you achieve a successful presentation?

- Organize and assign topics for each member - Task organization - Assign transition method (consecutive or M.C.) - Extensive rehearsal - Position of speakers - Speak to audience not teammates - Look at/listen to the speaker when you're not speaking

ESSAY 1 Describe persuasion, manipulation, and coercion. Clearly distinguish from one another. What two key elements make persuasion more ethical than manipulation and coercion? Using specific examples from your experience, illustrate each of these three types of communication.

- Persuasion: act of motivating an audience thru communication to voluntarily change a belief, attitude, or behavior. - Coercion - use of force and/or threats of punishment - Manipulation - using deception to trick the other party into thinking or acting the desired way. 1.) Whether the recipient feels truly free to make a choice 2.) Whether the originator would feel comfortable if he was the recipient of the message rather than sender.

ESSAY What do you believe are the best strategies for dealing with speech anxiety? Why?

- Rehearse your presentation - Focus on your topic and your audience - Accept a moderate amount of nervousness - Avoid caffeine - Walk around room to stretch to relieve stress

ESSAY (cont.) - *Selecting/Presenting*:

- Use visual only when it makes a point better than you alone. - Be sure you have a reason for the visual aid. - Keep your slideshows brief. - Match sophistication of the visuals to the audience.

To maintain your credibility, use proper

pronunciation.

An effective extemporaneous presentation...

should be carefully prepared and rehearsed several times, but not memorized.

If you are speaking to a culturally diverse audience, it is recommended that you...

use nouns instead of pronouns

If you are speaking to a culturally diverse audience, it is recommended that you...

use nouns instead of pronouns, when speaking about others

Which would NOT be an appropriate way to manage questions from the audience? - Clarify confusing questions before you answer them - Address answer only to individual who asked question - Follow the last question with a summary - Start the question session with a question of your own

Address answer only to individual who asked question

What is NOT true about pauses? - For the audience to realize importance of what you said - For audience to answer a question you posed - Avoid pauses, they show lack of confidence - For the audience to digest what you just said

Avoid pauses, they show lack of confidence

Anita says "some people think of a book as a heavy object, a payment they need to make at the beginning of the semester; but we can also think of it as the key to a world of new ideas." Anita is defining a book by__________.

describing its various connotations