Business Ethics Chapter 6
typically focuses on the end result of actions and happiness created by them, whereas the means and motives by which actions are justified.
A goodness theory; an obligation theory
Which moral philosophy evaluates the morality of an action on the basis of the equity, fairness, and impartiality of the action, with rules serving as guidelines in the decision-making process?
Act deontology
is considered the father of free market capitalism. He believed that business was and should be guided by the morals of good men.
Adam Smith
Kant's categorical imperative and the Golden Rule are examples of which moral philosophy?
Deontology
Which moral philosophy focuses on the rights of individuals and on the intentions associated with a particular behavior, rather than its consequences?
Deontology
Which moral philosophy is based on the premise that equal respect must be given to all persons?
Deontology
justice is based on the evaluation of outcomes or results of the business relationship.
Distributive
deals with the issue of what individuals feel they are due based on their rights and performance in the workplace, and therefore is more likely to be based on deontological moral philosophies than on teleological or utilitarian ones.
Justice
are person-specific, whereas meet business objectives.
Moral philosophies; business ethics
Which is not considered a white collar crime?
Mugging someone
An individual who emphasizes others rather than himself or herself in making decisions is in which of the following of Kohlberg's stages of development?
Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (3rd stage)
_____ believe that no one thing is intrinsically good.
Pluralists
When a person defines right and wrong on the basis of legal contracts, he or she is using which of Kohlberg's stages of development?
Prior rights, social contract, or utility (5th stage)
justice considers the processes and activities that produce the outcome or results.
Procedural
have lower ethical issue sensitivity, meaning they are less likely to detect ethical issues. They may be more committed to completing projects and more dedicated to group values and objectives.
Relativists
Which moral philosophy evaluates the morality of an action on the basis of its conformity to general moral principles and respect for individual rights?
Rule deontology
Which moral philosophy evaluates the morality of an action on the basis of principles or rules designed to promote the greatest overall utility rather than by examining situations individually?
Rule utilitarianism
An individual who defines what is right by considering his/her duty to society, not just to other specific people, is in which of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development?
Social system and conscience maintenance
Which moral philosophy considers an act to be morally right or acceptable if it produces some desired result?
Teleology
Through time an act can come to be viewed as unethical under which of the following philosophies and perspectives?
The relativist perspective
Which moral perspective defines ethical behavior subjectively from the unique experiences of individuals and groups?
The relativist perspective
Which is the last of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development?
Universal ethical principles
Eric views animal research in the pharmaceutical industry as a way to improve drugs that will benefit mankind. Which moral philosophy most closely represents his viewpoint?
Utilitarianism
Which moral philosophy evaluates the morality of an action on the basis of its consequences for everyone affected (seeks the greatest good for the greatest number)?
Utilitarianism
argues that ethical behavior involves not only adhering to conventional moral standards but also considering what a mature person with a "good" moral character would deem appropriate.
Virtue ethics
Enlightened egoism
centers on one's longterm selfinterest but takes others' wellbeing into account.
In Kohlberg's model, the stage of mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (Stage 3) differs from the stage of individual instrumental purpose and exchange (Stage 2) in terms of the individual's motives in
considering fairness to others.
Kohlberg's six stages of cognitive moral development can be reduced to three levels of ethical concern. Persons at the second level
define right as that which conforms to the expectations of good behavior of the larger society.
A marketing manager who orders that a manufacturing plant be refitted to make it safer for workers, no matter what the cost, may be a(n) because he believes in the rights of all individuals.
deontologist
According to Kohlberg's model, as a person progresses through the stages of moral development, and with time, education, and experience, he/she
may change his/her values and ethical behavior.
An individual who believes that an action is ethical because others within his or her company and industry regularly engage in the activity is probably a(n)
relativist.
A central problem with relativism is
that it emphasizes people's differences, not similarities.
Moral philosophy refers to
the principles or rules that people use to decide what is right and wrong.
A person who offers a facilitation payment in order to secure a contract that will keep her company from going bankrupt and laying off hundreds of employees may be a(n)
utilitarian.
The elements of important to business transactions have been defined as trust, self-control, empathy, fairness and truthfulness.
virtue
