Cardiovascular TEST- anatomy
The heart sounds "lub" and "dup" result from ________
closure of heart valves
Blood leaves the left ventricle through an artery known as the ________
aorta
What supplies the myocardium with oxygen-rich blood?
coronary arteries
The pointed, inferior portion of the heart, known as the ________, rests on the diaphragm and is oriented toward the left hip
apex
What large blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
arteries
The two superior receiving chambers of the heart are known as the ________, while the two inferior discharging chambers of the heart are known as the ________
atria; ventricles
The first heart sound, "lub," is caused by the closure of the ________ valves
atrioventricular (AV)
Pulmonary arteries transport ________
blood rich in carbon dioxide to the lungs
What is the function of the heart valves?
prevent backflow of blood
Which blood vessels carries oxygenated blood?
pulmonary artery
Which vessels return oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart?
pulmonary veins
Which chamber receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae?
right atrium
The tricuspid valve is located between the ________
right atrium and right ventricle
Through which valve will blood flow when leaving the right atrium?
tricuspid valve
Which valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?
tricuspid valve
Large veins have ________ to prevent the backflow of blood
valves
During atrial diastole, blood flows from the atria to the ________
ventricles
Which valve is closed during heart relaxation to prevent blood from backflowing from the aorta into the heart?
Aortic semilunar valve
The transportation of blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart is known as ________ circulation
pulmonary
The heart is actually (one, two, or three) pumps?
two pumps
Pulmonary circulation involves blood flow to and from the heart and the ________
lungs
The heart is situated within the medial section of the thoracic cavity known as the ________
mediastinum
What is the muscular layer of the heart wall?
myocardium
What do veins do?
often have valves to prevent backflow of blood
The normal resting heart rate is about ________ times per minute
75
What is often called the pacemaker of the heart?
SA node
After listening to Janetta's heart for several seconds, her doctor told Janetta that she has an incompetent right atrioventricular (AV) valve. What did Janetta's doctor hear that led to that conclusion?
a swishing sound
What are the tiny white cords that anchor the cusps or flaps of endocardium to the walls of the ventricles?
cordae terdinae
Oxygented blood nourishing the myocardium comes from vessels that branch off the aorta called ________
coronary arteries
Sustained elevated arterial blood pressure above 140/90 mm Hg is a condition known as ________
hypertension (high blood pressure)
Which heart chamber receives blood from the pulmonary veins?
left atrium
The walls of the ________ are substantially thicker because that chamber acts as the more powerful systemic pump of the heart.
left ventricle
Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood out the aorta to the systemic circuit?
left ventricle
Which heart chamber pumps unoxygenated blood out the pulmonary trunk?
right ventricle
Veins draining the head and arms empty into the ________, which carries blood to the right atrium of the heart
superior vena cava
What term refers to the contraction of the heart?
systole
