Cardiovascular TEST- anatomy

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The heart sounds "lub" and "dup" result from ________

closure of heart valves

Blood leaves the left ventricle through an artery known as the ________

aorta

What supplies the myocardium with oxygen-rich blood?

coronary arteries

The pointed, inferior portion of the heart, known as the ________, rests on the diaphragm and is oriented toward the left hip

apex

What large blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

arteries

The two superior receiving chambers of the heart are known as the ________, while the two inferior discharging chambers of the heart are known as the ________

atria; ventricles

The first heart sound, "lub," is caused by the closure of the ________ valves

atrioventricular (AV)

Pulmonary arteries transport ________

blood rich in carbon dioxide to the lungs

What is the function of the heart valves?

prevent backflow of blood

Which blood vessels carries oxygenated blood?

pulmonary artery

Which vessels return oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart?

pulmonary veins

Which chamber receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae?

right atrium

The tricuspid valve is located between the ________

right atrium and right ventricle

Through which valve will blood flow when leaving the right atrium?

tricuspid valve

Which valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?

tricuspid valve

Large veins have ________ to prevent the backflow of blood

valves

During atrial diastole, blood flows from the atria to the ________

ventricles

Which valve is closed during heart relaxation to prevent blood from backflowing from the aorta into the heart?

Aortic semilunar valve

The transportation of blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart is known as ________ circulation

pulmonary

The heart is actually (one, two, or three) pumps?

two pumps

Pulmonary circulation involves blood flow to and from the heart and the ________

lungs

The heart is situated within the medial section of the thoracic cavity known as the ________

mediastinum

What is the muscular layer of the heart wall?

myocardium

What do veins do?

often have valves to prevent backflow of blood

The normal resting heart rate is about ________ times per minute

75

What is often called the pacemaker of the heart?

SA node

After listening to Janetta's heart for several seconds, her doctor told Janetta that she has an incompetent right atrioventricular (AV) valve. What did Janetta's doctor hear that led to that conclusion?

a swishing sound

What are the tiny white cords that anchor the cusps or flaps of endocardium to the walls of the ventricles?

cordae terdinae

Oxygented blood nourishing the myocardium comes from vessels that branch off the aorta called ________

coronary arteries

Sustained elevated arterial blood pressure above 140/90 mm Hg is a condition known as ________

hypertension (high blood pressure)

Which heart chamber receives blood from the pulmonary veins?

left atrium

The walls of the ________ are substantially thicker because that chamber acts as the more powerful systemic pump of the heart.

left ventricle

Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood out the aorta to the systemic circuit?

left ventricle

Which heart chamber pumps unoxygenated blood out the pulmonary trunk?

right ventricle

Veins draining the head and arms empty into the ________, which carries blood to the right atrium of the heart

superior vena cava

What term refers to the contraction of the heart?

systole


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