carp chap 18 #1 FULL
________________- is frequently used for sidewall panels.
Strip lamination
cement backing board, depending on the brand, can be used in many different applications on both
interior and exterior surfaces.
Apply backing board to framing with staples, nails, or screws. The finish layer is laminated to the base layer with an adhesive or
joint com- pound.
Gypsum wallboard- Where the structure consists of an interior wall that is straight and true, the panels can be directly ________________ to the masonry surface with a special adhesive.
laminated
To identify the face surface of veneer plaster base, note that the outer layer is rolled over the
long edge.
Gypsum wallboard can be installed over ______________ or wood furring strips attached to a masonry wall.
metal
predecorated wallboard - Adhesive on the decorated surface must be immediately removed with a soft cloth and
mineral spirits.
Through special processing, hardboard (also called fiberboard) can be manufactured with a low
moisture-absorption rate.
predecorated panel - When adhesives alone are used for fasten- ing, check each panel after about __________minutes to ensure that the adhesive is set. Firmly press along the edges and framing members.
15-30
predecorated wallboard - When adhesives alone are used for fasten- ing, check each panel after about _________ minutes to ensure that the adhesive is set.
15-30
There are several rules to follow when using rec- ommended fasteners: • On-ceiling applications when using a laminating adhesive—Space fasteners ______- O.C. along ends and edges. At mid-width, use ________ fastener for every framing member. • When laminating with compound—Provide permanent supplementary fastening or_________________ (usually overnight) until the compound has dried.
16″ , one , temporary fastening
drywall Single-layer application to steel framing mem- bers - Arrange panels either parallel or perpendicular to fram- ing and attach them with _____ long Type _______ screws,
1″ , S
Trim and decoration work on veneer plaster may proceed after a minimum drying time of ______ hours.
24
predcorated wallbordv Panels should be unpacked and stood on their long edges, exposing both sides to room air, for ____________ hours before being attached.
24-48
wood furring strips should be a nominal ______- wide and __________ thicker than the insulation.
2″ , 1/32″
veneer plaster - Corner bead, trim, and grounds must be carefully set for a __________ thickness for two- coat applications.
3/32″
When nails are used, they should provide a minimum penetration of ___________ into the wood fram- ing members. Consult a nail chart.
3/4″
Some backing board products are rigid, while others are somewhat flexible. They are manufactured under such trade names as
HardieBacker, Durock, and DensShield.
Double-layer (also called two-ply) gypsum board applications over wood framing ensure a strong wall surface, Double-layer drywall is often specified to be
Type X, fire- rated wallboard.
predecorate dpanels - To avoid damaging the finish, be sure to drive colored nails with
a plastic-headed hammer, raw- hide mallet, or a special cover placed over the face of a regular hammer.
Rigid foam insulation is usually bonded to the masonry surface with _________. Wallboard joints and nail holes are concealed.
adhesive
To trim edges and joints of predecorated panels, you can use ________________ made to match the finished surface of the wallboard,
aluminum trim
For areas where there is likely to be moisture coming into direct contact with the wall, there are highly water-resistant ________________-, includ- ing some that are impervious to water.
backing boards
A special gypsum board is used for the _______ of veneer plaster . Its face surface consists of several layers of ________.
base, paper
Installations of wallboard on interior masonry walls, especially those _______________, must be care- fully done.
below grade
veneer plaster. Proper mixing is espe- cially important. This is usually accomplished with a_____________- paddle mounted in an electric drill.
cage-type
Use a tungsten ________________ masonry bit to drill holes in cement board.
carbide-tipped
Special backing is available as a base for tile in areas where walls are frequently wet, such as showers. One type is known as ________________. It is manufactured from a slurry of portland cement reinforced with polymer-coated, fiberglass mesh embedded in both sides.
cement board
It is best to use a powder-actuated nailer and special fasteners to attach wood furring strips to
concrete or masonry surfaces.
Cement board is installed in about the same way as
conventional wallboard.
On larger holes in cement board , score all sides and then make a _________________ across the opening. In either case, break out the hole from the face side with a hammer.
diagonal score
Sound deadening backing board is sometimes used for the base of _____________ walls. It is specified where high sound transmission control (STC) ratings are needed.
double layered
A circular saw or a handsaw can also be used to make cuts,of cement board. Small holes should be outlined with a series of
drilled holes.
The outer layer of base for veneer plaster rapidly absorbs moisture and makes it easier to apply the plaster coat. The inner layer keeps the gypsum core
dry and rigid.
.predecorated wallboard- When attaching divider strips, first place the trim on one panel that is carefully aligned and nail the _______________ in place. Then insert the next panel.
exposed flange
The strip lamination application can be made either on the base surface or on the ______________. Temporary bracing may be used to hold panels in position until bonding has taken place.
face panel
If the two-ply application is used to comply with a fire rating, the joint com- pound must be
fire rated.
Since hardboard is made from wood fibers, the panels slightly expand and contract with changes in ______________. Panels should be installed when they are at their _______________
humidity , maximum size.
Concealing Joints and Fastener Heads- 5. After the last coat is dry, sand lightly, if necessary. Fasteners are also concealed with compound, each coat being applied at the same time
the joints are covered.
Use a straightedge or drywall square as a guide, Use the straightedge to apply ______________ at the score and snap the panel upward. Rough edges can be smoothed with a rasp or coarse sandpaper.
topside pressure
Cement board Panel dimensions are __________________.
3′ × 5′ and 4′ × 8′
Manufacturers of prefinished hardboard panels recommend the panels be unwrapped and then separately placed around the room for at least ________ hours before installation.
48
Spacing of furring strips depends on the panel thickness. Thin panels need more support. Install vertical strips every _________ along the wall to support panel edges. Level low areas by shimming behind the furring strips. Use a line stretched from corner to corner to locate low spots.
4′
Standard width of Mold-resistant wallboard is _____ and lengths range from________________
4′ , 8′ through 12′.
Double-layer drywall is also often _______- wallboard to increase the fire and sound protection it provides. This method is adaptable to the use of either pre- decorated panels or standard beveled drywall with treated joints.
5/8″
Concealing Joints and Fastener Heads- 1. Apply a bedding coat of joint compound into the depression formed at all butt joints by the tapered edges of the board. Use a ________ joint knife, 2. Center the reinforcing tape over the joint. Press tape into compound by drawing the knife along the joint with enough pressure to ______________________. Smooth it out to avoid wrinkling or buckling. Apply a skim coat over the tape.
5″ or 6″ , remove excess compound
predecorate dpanels - Nails should be spaced ______apart and should never be closer than _________ to the ends or edges of the wallboard.
8″ , 3/8″
.predecorated wallboard- Cut the trim with a hacksaw. Attach it with flat-head wire nails spaced ____________ apart.
8″-10″
To cut cement board, score it several times with a ____________________-tipped knife.
tungsten
Finishing Double-Layer Wallboard If the wallboard is to receive other covering material, joints should be taped, nails concealed, and corners finished in the same way as for sin- gle-layer construction. If a veneer of plaster is to be applied, use reinforcing tape and a single bedding coat of compound over joints. If the construction is to be fire rated with Type X drywall, use fire- resistant compound. Tape inside corners and apply a special bead to outside corners to form grounds for the ___________. Always use a single length of corner bead to extend from _______________________
veneer coat , the floor to the ceiling.
A variety of predecorated gypsum wallboard is available. This type of wallboard is usually ____________applied because of the difficulty involved in successfully matching and finishing butt joints.
ver- tically
The face of hardboard is often scored to form a bead-board pattern for use as
wainscot- ing.
Mold-resistant wallboard is not as ____________ as cement board, but is still extensively used.
water-resistant
drywall Single-layer application to steel framing mem- bers is similar to
wood frame application.
Applications of cement backing board include the following:
• Floor underlayment for tile, resilient coverings, carpeting, or thin brick • Floor or wall heat shields for stoves • Backing for tiles on walls in shower stalls or tub surrounds • Base for countertops, Base for exterior finishes such as ceramic tile, thin brick, or synthetic stucco
Concealing Joints and Fastener Heads- 3. After the embedding coat is completely dry, apply a second coat over the tape. Feather the edges at least _____________-beyond the edges of the first coating. 4. When this coat is completely dry, apply a third coat with the edges feathered out about _________ beyond the second coat.
1/2″-3/4″ , 2″
For best results, manufacturers recommend both gluing and nailing for ________predecorated wallboard pan- els.
1/4″
decorative hardboard used for wainscot- ing. Panels for wall application are usually ________ thick.
1/4″
Cement board can be worked with ordinary carpenter's tools. Panels can be fastened with nails, screws, or staples. Common panel thick- nesses are
1/4″, 7/16″, and 1/2″.
Veneer plaster is a high-strength material applied as a coat less than _________ thick. Because of the composition and thinness of the coat, it dries _________.
1/8″ , rapidly
Joints of the finish layer should be offset at least ________- from the joints of the base layer.
10″
Horizontally nail________________ furring strips across the studs. Start at the floor line and con- tinue up the wall.
1 × 3 or 1 × 4
predecorate dpanels - Avoid a tight fit at floors and ceilings. An expansion space of _________ should be allowed to avoid buckling.
1/16″
veneer plaster - Corner bead, trim, and grounds must be carefully set for a ______ thick- ness in one-coat applications
1/16″
Standard thicknesses of Mold-resistant wallboard include _________________.
1/2″ and 5/8″
Whatever method is used, the spacing and size of the bead of adhesive must provide the required spread when panels are pressed into position. A __________________________ is often used to apply adhesive to the entire back surface of a finish-layer panel.
notched spreader
Other than the base, the materials and methods are nearly the same for veneer plaster as those for regular drywall construction. Veneer plaster can be applied as a ______________ coat system.
one- or two-
Originally, wainscoting was wood panels or boards covering the bottom portion of walls to protect the _____________ Today, wainscoting is used to create a certain architectural look.
plaster.
Installation methods for hardboard are similar to those pre- viously described for
plywood.
drywall - Use a _____________ type mixer and lightly remix plaster compound after each addition of water. Test the compound after each addition to avoid the mixture from becoming too thin.
potato-masher
This method uses strips with ribbons of adhesive spaced at regular intervals. Many methods of applying adhesive are acceptable. Trowels and
powered devices are available.
A wide variety of joint compounds is available for drywall construction. Some are in a powder form ready to be mixed with water. Others are
ready to use from the containers.
Outside corners are reinforced with a metal corner bead, which is made in various styles. The bead is installed after horizontal and vertical joints have been taped. Fasten the bead by driving screws or nails through the wallboard and into the framing, After installation, the bead is concealed with joint compound in about the same manner as
regular joints.
To finish and reinforce edges around doors, windows, and other openings, metal-channel trim is available. At inside corners, ________________ is used. First, apply a bedding coat of joint compound to both sides of the corner. Then, fold the tape along the centerline and smooth it into place. Remove excess compound and finish surfaces along with the other joints.
reinforcing tape ,
Finish layers can be applied parallel to the base layer or at
right angles to it.
predecorated wallboard - Firmly press along the edges and framing members. Use a____________ or cover a block of wood with a soft cloth and tap along all areas where adhesive was applied.
rub- ber mallet
Either one or two coat veneer plaster can be given a
smooth or a textured surface.
When the wall framing is irregular or when framing members are spaced too far apart for normal attachment of wallboard, furring can be attached to the wall or ceiling frame to provide a good structure to carry the wallboard. Furring is generally low-grade _________________ in narrow strips.
softwood
First, cut and fit drywall sheets. Adhesive is usually applied to the entire surface. However, ________________is used in some applications.
strip lamination
drywall Single-layer application to steel framing mem- bers - The leading ends or edges of panels must first be attached to the open edge of the
stud or joist flange.
