Cell Types and Organelles/Moving into and Out of a Cell
vesicle
"cellular packaging" that pinches off of Golgi
endocytosis
a cell takes in a substance when the membrane surrounds it and forms a vesicle
exocytosis
a vesicle's membrane fuses with the cell membrane to release particles from the cell
passive transport
another name for diffusion
Eukaryote
both plant and animal cells
protein doorway that opens and closes as it helps particles move through the membrane
carrier protein
protein doorway with indention through which particles can move
channel protein
ER
classified as rough or smooth
lysosome
clean up crew, get rid of dead or damaged organelles
Nucleus
control center of cell
osmosis
diffusion of water
Mitochondria
energy made here
isotonic
equal amounts of substances both inside and outside cell
goal of diffusion
equal concentration of substances on both sides of membrane
Christae
folds in mitochondria
Nucleus
genetic information stored here
cilia
hairlike appendages that help a cell move and sweep things away from the cell
plant cell
has three things animal cells don't have
cell wall
helps a plant cell keep its shape
ER
lipids made here
cytoplasm
liquid inside a cell
cytoplasm
made mostly of salt and water
cytoskeleton
made of protein, provides framework for cell
cell membrane
made of proteins and phospholipids
ribosomes
make ER "rough"
hypertonic
more water inside cell than outside cell so cell shrinks
hypotonic
more water outside cell than inside so cell swells
Prokaryote
no organelles except a few free ribosomes
nucleolus
nucleus within the nucleus, where ribosomes are made
Prokaryote
one cell, no nucleus
Golgi Complex
packing and shipping of cell materials
microtubules
part of cytoskeleton
diffusion
particles moving from where they are highly concentrated to where there's a lower concentration
facilitated diffusion
particles moving through proteins in membrane from high to low concentration because they're too large to squeeze between lipids
active transport
particles moving through proteins in membrane from low to high concentration
cell wall
prevents membrane from tearing in plant cell
ribosomes
proteins made here
ER
removes harmful things from a cell
cell membrane
separates the inside of a cell from its environment
Prokaryote
simple and small, cell wall
semi permeable
some things can get through while others cannot
flagella
tail which helps cell move
Concentration gradient
the difference between high concentration (lots) and low concentration (few)
large vacuole
used for storage, mostly water storage
hydrophobic tails
water fearing
hydrophilic heads
water loving
chloroplast
where plant food is made
ER
works like a conveyor belt