Cell Types and Organelles/Moving into and Out of a Cell

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vesicle

"cellular packaging" that pinches off of Golgi

endocytosis

a cell takes in a substance when the membrane surrounds it and forms a vesicle

exocytosis

a vesicle's membrane fuses with the cell membrane to release particles from the cell

passive transport

another name for diffusion

Eukaryote

both plant and animal cells

protein doorway that opens and closes as it helps particles move through the membrane

carrier protein

protein doorway with indention through which particles can move

channel protein

ER

classified as rough or smooth

lysosome

clean up crew, get rid of dead or damaged organelles

Nucleus

control center of cell

osmosis

diffusion of water

Mitochondria

energy made here

isotonic

equal amounts of substances both inside and outside cell

goal of diffusion

equal concentration of substances on both sides of membrane

Christae

folds in mitochondria

Nucleus

genetic information stored here

cilia

hairlike appendages that help a cell move and sweep things away from the cell

plant cell

has three things animal cells don't have

cell wall

helps a plant cell keep its shape

ER

lipids made here

cytoplasm

liquid inside a cell

cytoplasm

made mostly of salt and water

cytoskeleton

made of protein, provides framework for cell

cell membrane

made of proteins and phospholipids

ribosomes

make ER "rough"

hypertonic

more water inside cell than outside cell so cell shrinks

hypotonic

more water outside cell than inside so cell swells

Prokaryote

no organelles except a few free ribosomes

nucleolus

nucleus within the nucleus, where ribosomes are made

Prokaryote

one cell, no nucleus

Golgi Complex

packing and shipping of cell materials

microtubules

part of cytoskeleton

diffusion

particles moving from where they are highly concentrated to where there's a lower concentration

facilitated diffusion

particles moving through proteins in membrane from high to low concentration because they're too large to squeeze between lipids

active transport

particles moving through proteins in membrane from low to high concentration

cell wall

prevents membrane from tearing in plant cell

ribosomes

proteins made here

ER

removes harmful things from a cell

cell membrane

separates the inside of a cell from its environment

Prokaryote

simple and small, cell wall

semi permeable

some things can get through while others cannot

flagella

tail which helps cell move

Concentration gradient

the difference between high concentration (lots) and low concentration (few)

large vacuole

used for storage, mostly water storage

hydrophobic tails

water fearing

hydrophilic heads

water loving

chloroplast

where plant food is made

ER

works like a conveyor belt


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