CESR-ORGN 3040 Final Study Guide

sustainable development goals

(SDGs) are a set of 17 global goals established by the United Nations in 2015. to address various social, economic, and environmental challenges faced by countries around the world. aim to guide international efforts to promote prosperity, protect the planet, and ensure well-being for all. 1. No Poverty 2. Zero Hunger 3. Good Health and Well-being 4. Quality Education 5. Gender Equality 6. Clean Water and Sanitation 7. Affordable and Clean Energy 8. Decent Work and Economic Growth 9. Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure 10. Reduced Inequality 11. Sustainable Cities and Communities 12. Responsible Consumption and Production 13. Climate Action 14. Life Below Water 15. Life on Land 16. Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions 17. Partnerships for the Goals

problems that compliance systems address

1. Compliance systems address the risk of legal violations by ensuring that organizations adhere to applicable laws, regulations, and industry standards. 2. Compliance systems promote ethical behavior, integrity, and responsible conduct, reducing the likelihood of ethical misconduct. 3. Compliance systems establish controls and checks to ensure the accuracy and transparency of financial reporting and prevent financial irregularities. 4. Compliance systems establish measures to safeguard sensitive information, adhere to privacy regulations, and protect against cyber threats. 5. Compliance systems implement anti-corruption policies, training, and controls to ensure that employees and stakeholders adhere to ethical standards. 6. Conflict of Interest. 7. Environmental and Social Responsibility 8. Workplace Harassment and Discrimination. 9. Third-Party Risks. 10. Reputational Risk.

accelerating the low carbon transition stages

1. Emergence: new technologies begin to appear, but they are not yet widely adopted. research and development focus on refining and improving technologies. (climate change emerging technologies might include early versions of solar panels or electric vehicles which are available but the market share is relatively small) 2. Diffusion: technologies experience broader adoption and market penetration. innovations move to a more widespread audience, driven by increased efficiency, reduced costs, and growing acceptance. (electric vehicles increased market share, more accessible charging infrastructure, and growing consumer awareness, leading to higher adoption rates) 3. Maturity: technologies become established and widely accepted. market competition drives further improvements, and the technology becomes mainstream in practice. (renewable energy technologies, solar and wind, are widely accepted)

ESG sustainability for tesla

1. Enterprise Risk Management: Tesla operates in a global supply chain, the company is exposed to various risks related to environmental and social factors. Tesla is subject to various environmental regulations globally. 2. Social and Environmental Impact: Tesla's social and environmental impact plays a significant role in shaping its brand image. Companies that prioritize sustainability are more likely to gain access to markets with stringent environmental regulations.

ESG investing styles

1. Negative/Exclusionary Screening: Exclude companies or industries that do not align with specific ESG criteria, may involve avoiding investments in companies involved in tobacco, weapons, or fossil fuels. 2. Positive/Inclusionary Screening: Actively select companies that exhibit strong ESG performance. 3. Best-in-Class/Leadership Investing: approach aims to support industry leaders in sustainability. 4. ESG Integration: into traditional financial analysis and decision-making processes. 5. Impact Investing: focus is on generating positive social or environmental outcomes.

corruption common characteristics

Abuse of Power: exploiting one's position for personal gain or the benefit of others. Deception: to achieve unlawful objectives without detection. Unfair Advantage: to those engaging in corrupt activities, creating an environment where individuals or entities can circumvent legal or ethical norms. Undermining Trust: involves actions contrary to the principles of fairness, honesty, and accountability. Economic and Social Harm: by diverting resources away from legitimate purposes and contributing to a culture of dishonesty.

appropriation and appreciation

Appreciation: Involves respectfully learning about and honoring another culture without taking or commodifying its elements. Appropriation: Involves taking cultural elements out of their original context, often without understanding or respecting their significance. Cultural appreciation fosters understanding and mutual respect, while appropriation can lead to disrespect, stereotyping, and harm. Respecting the cultural context and obtaining consent is crucial to avoid perpetuating harm and ensuring a more inclusive and equitable representation.

BRIC countries and decarbonization

Brazil, Russia, India, China importance in making serious strides toward decarbonization. Emission Levels: major economies with large populations and industrial bases, BRIC countries are significant contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions. Global Impact: emissions from BRIC countries have substantial impact on global carbon dioxide levels. Economic Growth and Development: decarbonization is vital for environmentally sustainable economic growth in BRIC countries. clean and green technologies can lead to a more resilient and low-carbon development path. Energy Demand: BRIC nations industrialization demands energy, low-carbon and renewable energy sources is crucial to meet energy needs without exacerbating climate change. Global Leadership - Influence in International Forums. Technology Development and Innovation - Innovation Hubs. Market Opportunities - Economic Opportunities. International & Global Cooperation.

corruption

Bribery Kickbacks Embezzlement Fraud Money Laundering Nepotism/Cronyism Extortion

who runs compliance systems

Chief Compliance Officer (CCO): responsible for overseeing compliance efforts, ensuring the company operates within legal and regulatory frameworks, establishes and maintains policies, and leads the compliance team. Compliance Team: responsible for implementing and managing the day-to-day aspects of the compliance program. Legal Department: providing legal expertise to interpret and navigate complex regulations. Board of Directors: holds ultimate responsibility for overseeing the organization's compliance efforts. Senior Leadership and Executives: set the tone for ethical conduct, provide resources for compliance initiatives, and are accountable for the overall success of the compliance program. Human Resources (HR) Department: ensuring that employees are educated about compliance policies and procedures. Internal Audit: an independent and objective assessment of the effectiveness of compliance controls and processes. External Consultants and Advisors.

ethically outstanding business

Clear Values and Ethical Standards: that align with the company's mission and vision. Leadership Commitment: to ethics and integrity starting from top leadership, model ethical behavior and foster a culture of accountability. Comprehensive Training and Communication: on ethics and regularly communicate to ensure that everyone understands the importance of ethical behavior. Transparent Policies and Procedures: that guide ethical decision-making. Ethical Decision-Making Framework: that helps employees assess situations from an ethical perspective. Whistleblower Protection: mechanisms to protect whistleblowers who report unethical behavior, culture where employees feel safe and supported when raising concerns. Continuous Monitoring and Improvement: the effectiveness of ethical initiatives.

Cherokee

Continuing to use the Cherokee name after a request to stop may be seen as cultural appropriation. Stellantis could be violating the American Marketing Association's Core Values, including the value of *Respect*, by not respecting the wishes of the Cherokee Nation, leading to potential harm and perpetuating inappropriate use of indigenous symbols.

cradle to cradle

Cradle-to-Cradle Design: seeks to create products that can be fully recycled or repurposed at the end of their life cycle. The idea is to mimic natural systems where waste becomes a resource for new cycles. This approach encourages sustainable material choices and design strategies that support perpetual reuse and recycling.

cradle to grave

Cradle-to-Grave (Take/Make/Dispose) Design: traditional design approach focuses on the linear life cycle of products, from resource extraction (cradle) to manufacturing, use, and eventual disposal (grave). Products are not designed with end-of-life considerations, often leading to waste and environmental degradation.

electric car batteries and urban mining

Critical Raw Material Recovery: EV batteries contain valuable and scarce materials such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, and rare earth elements. focuses on recovering these critical raw materials from used batteries, reducing dependence on traditional mining Reduced Environmental Impact: urban mining minimizes the environmental impact by recycling and reusing materials. Energy Transition Support: urban mining ensures a more sustainable and responsible supply of these materials. Waste Reduction and Circular Design: extending the life of battery materials, the need for new mining and the disposal of toxic battery waste is reduced.

free prior and informed consent problems

Cultural appropriation without Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) is problematic because it involves taking elements from a culture without permission, often leading to the commodification and misrepresentation of cultural symbols. This can perpetuate stereotypes, exploit cultural heritage, and marginalize indigenous communities.

documents and shifting moral expectations

Davos Manifesto: Advocates for stakeholder capitalism, Promotes the idea that businesses should align with societal goals and contribute to addressing global challenges. Business Roundtable Statement on the Purpose of a Corporation: Shifts to a broader stakeholder approach, Recognizes the interests of various stakeholders. Both advocate for a stakeholder-centric approach & Emphasize the broader societal impact of businesses and their responsibility to contribute positively to communities. The Davos Manifesto has a global focus & The Business Roundtable statement is specific to major U.S. corporations. Both documents represent a notable shift in mainstream business culture by challenging the traditional view that prioritized shareholder value above all else. Potential Socialwashing Critiques: statements where companies use rhetoric to appear socially responsible without making substantial changes.

circular economy cycle

Design and Manufacturing: products are designed for longevity, durability, and ease of disassembly. materials are recyclable or biodegradable whenever possible. Product Use: focus is on maximizing the product's utility, and consumers are encouraged to care for and maintain the product to extend its life. End of First Life: product is collected for either refurbishment, remanufacturing, or recycling. Refurbishment: product can be repaired or upgraded, extending the product's life.

sticks to discourage corruption

Deterrents to Discourage Corruption Legal Consequences: fines and imprisonment, for engaging in corrupt practices serves as a powerful deterrent. Whistleblower Protection: to encourages individuals to report corruption without fear of retaliation, contributing to a culture of accountability. Public Exposure and Shaming: exposing wrongdoings and damaging the reputation of individuals and organizations involved. Professional Consequences: such as revocation of licenses or certifications or job loss, for individuals found guilty of corruption reinforces the seriousness of ethical violations. Enhanced Monitoring and Audits: increasing the likelihood of detecting and punishing corrupt activities.

scope 1

Direct Emissions: direct greenhouse gas emissions that occur from sources that are owned or controlled by the reporting entity. - Combustion of fossil fuels on-site (e.g., company-owned vehicles, on-site machinery). - Emissions from industrial processes carried out on-site. - On-site emissions from refrigeration or air conditioning systems using fluorinated gases.

Pete Anderson old approach to compliance

Dominant in the 90s Rule-Based Compliance: strict adherence to rules and regulations, focusing on a checklist-style approach to meet legal requirements. Isolated Compliance Department: typically operated in isolation, with a dedicated compliance department responsible for ensuring adherence to rules but not necessarily integrated into broader business strategies. Reactive and Punitive Measures: often responding to violations after they occurred, with a focus on punishment rather than prevention. Document-Centric Compliance: document-centric, involving extensive documentation of processes and procedures to demonstrate adherence to regulations.

economy and ecology

Economy: derived from the Greek word "oikonomia," where "oikos" means "house" or "household," and "nomos" means "management" or "distribution." Ecology: comes from the Greek word "oikos," the same root as in "economy," and "logos," meaning "study" or "science." both emphasize the interconnectedness of human activities and resource management with the broader environment.

more effective circular design

Effectiveness in circular design thinking refers to achieving the desired outcomes and goals related to sustainability, resource efficiency, and waste reduction. - Designing products for longevity and durability. - Promoting maintenance, repair, and refurbishment to extend product life. - Encouraging circular business models that prioritize access over ownership. - Optimizing resource use and minimizing waste throughout the product life cycle.

more efficient circular design

Efficiency in circular design thinking relates to the optimal use of resources, time, and energy in achieving circular goals. involves streamlining operations and minimizing inputs while maximizing outputs. - Streamlining production processes to reduce material waste. - Optimizing supply chain logistics to minimize resource consumption. - Implementing closed-loop systems that recover and reuse materials. - Improving energy efficiency in manufacturing and transportation.

team name guidelines

Engage in Meaningful Dialogue: Initiate open and respectful conversations with representatives from Native American communities to understand their perspectives and concerns regarding the team name and traditions. FPIC: from relevant indigenous communities before adopting or continuing the use of Native American-inspired names or traditions. Educate Team Members and Fans: about the historical and cultural context of the Native American symbols or traditions in use. Promote awareness to prevent misunderstandings. Avoid Stereotyping: Strive for accurate and respectful representations. Evaluate Impact on Indigenous Communities: Be attentive to any harm, misrepresentation, or negative consequences associated with the use of Native American imagery. Promote Diversity and Inclusion: create an environment that values and respects all individuals, regardless of their cultural background.

ESG enabling greenwashing and social washing

Enterprise Risk Management: GRI framework emphasizes transparency and accountability, requiring companies to disclose information on environmental, social, and governance aspects. Greenwashing Risk: if Tesla highlights only risk management (outside in) without a clear demonstration of positive environmental impact. overemphasizing risk mitigation measures without tangible contributions to sustainability can be perceived as a marketing tactic rather than a genuine commitment. 2. Achieving Net Positive Impact: B Corp companies meeting high social and environmental performance standards. Socialwashing Risk: if Tesla overstates or exaggerates its positive social impact without meaningful contributions. inside out' approach requires genuine efforts to create positive change rather than simply emphasizing positive aspects for public relations. Greenwashing/Socialwashing Risks: Lack of Transparency, Token Measures, Misleading Claims.

entrepreneurs and mental health

Entrepreneurs often face immense pressure, uncertainty, and long working hours To support startup founders, VCs and the startup community can implement measures like promoting work-life balance, offering mental health resources, and cultivating a culture of open communication and support.

i am an island social costs

Erosion of Social Cohesion: prioritizing individual interests over collective well-being erodes social fabric, making it challenging to address shared challenges collaboratively. Diminished Social Capital: 'island' mentality hinders community resilience and problem-solving. Increased Corruption: society where individuals primarily focus on personal gain may be more susceptible to corruption, as ethical considerations may be outweighed by self-interest. Inequality: 'I am an island' perspective can contribute to social and economic inequality, as individuals may prioritize personal success without considering the broader impact.

mental health deontological benefits

Ethical Responsibility: Implementing mental health programs reflects a commitment to the ethical responsibility employers have for the well-being of their employees, acknowledging the intrinsic value of each individual. Respect for Autonomy: Mental health and wellness programs empower employees to take charge of their well-being, respecting their autonomy and individual choices regarding their mental health journey. Justice and Fair Treatment: A wellness program promotes fairness and justice by ensuring that all employees have access to resources and support for their mental health, fostering an inclusive and equitable workplace. Promotion of Human Dignity: Addressing mental health recognizes the inherent dignity of every employee, valuing their mental and emotional well-being as essential components of their human dignity. Long-Term Sustainability: From a deontological perspective, fostering a mentally healthy workplace aligns with the principles of long-term sustainability, emphasizing the enduring importance of employee well-being beyond short-term gains.

FPIC for indigenous cultures in mining

FPIC ensures that decisions affecting indigenous communities land, resources, and well-being are made with their full and informed consent. Preventing Exploitation and Displacement: allows indigenous communities to actively participate in decision-making processes related to mining activities on their traditional lands, reducing the risk of harm and ensuring their interests are considered. Cultural and Environmental Protection: involving communities in decision-making enables the consideration of cultural and environmental impacts, helping to preserve their way of life and ecosystems. Indigenous communities without formal governance structures may face challenges in providing FPIC due to factors such as internal divisions, lack of representation mechanisms, or historical distrust of external entities. This highlights the importance of building relationships, fostering trust, and employing culturally sensitive engagement approaches.

plastics contribution to climate change

Fossil Fuel-Based Production: majority of plastics are derived from fossil fuels Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Production: manufacturing of plastics involves significant energy consumption, leading to the release of greenhouse gases. Methane Emissions from Landfills: plastics end up in landfills, and they undergo anaerobic decomposition, producing methane gas. Energy Intensity of Recycling: recycling is a preferable option to disposal, the process itself can be energy-intensive. Transportation-Related Emissions

anti corruption and instrumental justice

Glaucon believes justice has instrumental value, justice is valued for the rewards and benefits it brings, individuals may be motivated to act justly if they perceive personal benefits or avoid negative consequences. Anti-corruption education recognizes the instrumental value of justice by highlighting the positive outcomes of ethical behavior. This includes fostering trust, maintaining a positive reputation, and contributing to a more just and stable society. Emphasizing these benefits can serve as motivation for individuals to act justly.

project aristotle on shame and guilt

Guilt aligns with psychological safety, a key insight from Google's Project Aristotle. Guilt encourages a culture where team members feel safe to take risks, admit mistakes, and express their thoughts without fear of punishment. This aligns with the idea that acknowledging and learning from errors can contribute positively to team dynamics and innovation, fostering a psychologically safe environment.

i am an island view

I am an island view: individuals see themselves as separate from others and prioritize self-interest over collective well-being, can lead to a lack of empathy and a willingness to engage in corrupt practices for personal gain. Risks to Personal Happiness Isolation: Seeing oneself as an 'island' may lead to social isolation, reducing the fulfillment derived from meaningful connections with others. Erosion of Trust: Lack of trust in others and a focus solely on self-interest can strain relationships. Shallow Relationships: self-centered perspective may result in superficial or transactional relationships.

carrots to promote integrity

Incentives to Promote Integrity Ethical Recognition and Awards: Recognizing commitment to ethical conduct through can provide positive reinforcement. Financial Rewards for Ethical Behavior: financial incentives or bonuses to individuals who consistently demonstrate ethical behavior can reinforce the value of integrity. Training and Development Opportunities: to individuals committed to ethical conduct can be an incentive for those seeking professional growth. Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives: such as supporting community projects or environmental sustainability, can create a positive image and reinforce ethical behavior.

mental health utilitarian benefits

Increased Productivity: A mentally healthy workforce is likely to be more focused and productive, leading to higher overall output and efficiency. Reduced Absenteeism: A wellness program addressing mental health can contribute to fewer sick days and reduced absenteeism as employees experience improved overall well-being. Enhanced Employee Engagement: Mental health initiatives can boost employee morale and engagement, fostering a positive and motivated workforce. Cost Savings: Investing in mental health may lead to long-term cost savings by preventing the negative impacts of untreated mental health issues, such as turnover costs and decreased productivity. Positive Company Culture: Prioritizing mental health creates a supportive company culture, attracting and retaining top talent and contributing to a positive employer brand.

scope 2

Indirect Emissions from Energy Use: indirect greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the generation of electricity, heating, cooling, or steam that an organization purchases or consumes but does not produce directly. - Electricity purchased from the grid. - District heating or cooling from an external supplier. - Steam purchased from an external supplier.

integrated reporting and stakeholder-oriented management

Integrated Reporting: approach that combines financial and non-financial information in a comprehensive and cohesive manner, provides stakeholders with a holistic view of a company's strategy, governance, performance, and prospects, integrating financial, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) aspects. Future Significance: Integrated reporting plays a crucial role in stakeholder-oriented management by providing a more complete picture of a company's value creation. It helps businesses communicate how they create value not only financially but also through sustainable and ethical practices, fostering trust and transparency with stakeholders. Third-Party Assurance: adds credibility to sustainability and integrated reporting, demonstrates a commitment to transparency and accountability. GRI (Global Reporting Initiative) and SASB (Sustainability Accounting Standards Board): GRI provides a comprehensive sustainability reporting framework, guiding organizations on disclosing economic, environmental, and social impacts, used globally. & SASB focuses on industry-specific sustainability disclosure standards, aiming to provide investors with decision-useful information.

restitution for indigenous communities

Land Reparation: Returning or providing compensation for the land that was taken allowing indigenous communities to regain control and ownership Cultural Reparation: preserve and revitalize indigenous cultures, languages, and traditions that may have been eroded Environmental Restoration: Funding and actively participating in the restoration of environmental damage with a focus on sustainable and culturally sensitive practices. Consultation and Participation: of indigenous communities in decision-making processes related to land use and resource management

purposes of corporate compliance

Legal Adherence: compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and industry standards to avoid legal consequences and maintain a lawful operational environment. Risk Management: with business operations to protect the organization from potential financial, legal, reputational, and operational risks. Ethical Conduct: upheld within the organization, fostering a culture of integrity, transparency, and accountability among employees and stakeholders. Safeguarding Reputation: by demonstrating a commitment to ethical behavior, responsible business practices, and compliance with societal expectations.

integrity strategy and legally motivated compliance

Legally-motivated compliance forms the foundation of ethical business practices, ensures that a company adheres to applicable laws and regulations, providing a baseline for responsible conduct. An 'integrity strategy' goes beyond mere legal compliance, involves cultivating a culture of ethical behavior, moral principles, and social responsibility within the organization. While compliance sets minimum standards, integrity seeks to instill a commitment to doing what is morally right. An integrity strategy involves proactive ethical leadership, where leaders set an example and promote a values-driven culture.

circular economy design thinking

Longevity and Durability: design thinking encourages the development of items that withstand wear and tear, promoting a longer product life. Resource Efficiency: designers can minimize waste and ensure that materials can be reused or recycled. End-of-Life Considerations: options like refurbishment, remanufacturing, or easy disassembly for recycling. Material Selection: recyclable, biodegradable, or can be reused without significant environmental impact. User-Centered Approach: understanding the needs and behaviors of users. designers can enhance the likelihood of prolonged product use and reduce premature disposal. Innovation and Creativity: to break away from traditional linear models.

moral and financial reparation

Moral Reparation: Recognition of the wrongs done and a commitment to rectify past harms contribute to healing and reconciliation. Financial Reparation: addressing economic disparities may include compensation for stolen land, resources, or damages caused by policies that marginalized indigenous communities. Restoration of Autonomy: such as land restitution, the recognition of self-governance rights, and support for cultural revitalization initiatives. Addressing Systemic Injustices: ensuring that policies and practices are reformed to respect the rights and autonomy of indigenous peoples.

non-disparagement clauses

Non-disparagement clauses, like non-disclosure agreements, can create ethical ambiguity in the context of maintaining Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC): Suppression of Authentic Dialogue: If community members are legally restricted from speaking out against proposed actions, it impedes the free exchange of information necessary for meaningful engagement and the FPIC process. Power Imbalance: Corporations with legal and financial resources, may use such clauses to control the narrative and limit the ability of communities to voice concerns or dissent, creating an ethical concern about fairness and equity. Undermining Informed Consent: Non-disparagement clauses may restrict the flow of information, undermining the capacity of communities to make informed decisions about the potential impacts of proposed actions. Non-disclosure Agreements and #MeToo Movement: significant moral and legal scrutiny regarding the use of such agreements to silence victims and conceal misconduct. Similarly, non-disparagement clauses may be seen as tools to suppress concerns and criticisms, hindering the ability to address potential harms and injustices in the context of indigenous rights.

scope 3

Other Indirect Emissions: a broader range of indirect emissions that occur in the value chain of the reporting entity, including both upstream and downstream activities. - Upstream: Emissions from the production and transportation of purchased goods and services, employee commuting, business travel, and upstream transportation and distribution. - Downstream: Emissions resulting from the use and disposal of sold products, transportation and distribution of sold products, and end-of-life treatment of sold products.

ownership vs user economy

Ownership Economy: individuals predominantly own and possess the goods and services they use. emphasis is on individual ownership and consumption. User Economy: revolves around access and utilization. individuals have access to goods and services on a temporary or as-needed basis without the need for full ownership.

montreal protocol success

Ozone Depleting Substances (ODSs): The agreement successfully addressed the issue of ODSs, substances were phased out globally to protect the ozone layer. Collective Action Model: effectiveness of international cooperation and collective action in addressing global environmental challenges. Applicability to Climate Change: hope for addressing climate change through collaborative efforts, serves as a model for international agreements, highlighting collective action to address complex and interconnected global challenges.

plastics disposal problem

Plastics are highly durable and resistant to natural degradation processes. can persist in the environment for hundreds of years, contributing to long-term pollution. have become ubiquitous in modern life due to their versatility and convenience. can fragment into smaller pieces, creating microplastics, these tiny particles are challenging to manage and remove from the environment. can enter water bodies and oceans, where they persist and accumulate. Marine and terrestrial animals often mistake plastics for food causing physical blockages, releasing toxic substances, and disrupting the animals' digestive systems.

peer to peer economic models

Platforms like Uber and Airbnb operate on peer-to-peer models, connecting individuals who need services (rides, accommodation) with others who can provide them. models facilitate access to resources without full ownership, aligning with the principles of the user economy.

this is water and plato's cave

Plato's Allegory of the Cave underscores the idea of breaking free from a limited, preconceived worldview. Both narratives emphasize the transformative power of gaining awareness and critical thinking. Just as prisoners in Plato's cave need to escape the shadows to see the true reality, individuals need to break free from default settings to perceive life more fully and authentically, as emphasized by Wallace.

Pete Anderson new approach to compliance

Prevalent Today Risk-Based Compliance: focusing on identifying and mitigating potential risks rather than solely relying on rigid rule-based compliance. Integrated Compliance Functions: with overall business strategies, compliance is seen as a strategic partner to embed ethical considerations into daily operations. Proactive and Preventive Measures: preventive measures to avoid compliance issues before they arise. Behavioral and Cultural Emphasis: new approach emphasizes creating a culture of ethics and integrity, where employees understand the importance of compliance in their daily activities.

process crimes and substantive crimes in prosecutions

Process crimes, which involve obstruction, perjury, or false statements in the context of an investigation, can be more damaging than substantive crimes. Undermining the Legal Process: Process crimes undermine the integrity of the legal process by obstructing investigations or providing false information, hindering the pursuit of justice. Erosion of Trust: Process crimes erode trust in the legal system by creating skepticism about the transparency and fairness of legal proceedings. Additional Legal Consequences: Process crimes can lead to charges related to obstruction of justice, perjury, or making false statements. Increased Scrutiny: Process crimes often invite more attention than the underlying substantive crimes.

circular economy design obstacles

Product Complexity and Integration: can be challenging to disassemble and recycle, hindering the separation of materials, and making it difficult to recover valuable resources. Lack of Standardization: product variations may require unique recycling methods, adding complexity to waste management. Material Composition and Contamination: mixed materials and contaminants can reduce the quality of recycled materials. Consumer Behavior and Awareness: habits, such as single-use preferences and limited recycling awareness. Circular design resistance due to higher initial costs or lack of market demand for recycled materials.

green technologies out performing fossil fuels

Reduction in Costs: Green technologies proving more cost-effective without subsidies would lead to a reduction in the cost of renewable energy generation. Widespread Adoption: more likely to adopt green technologies on a larger scale when they are economically competitive. Reduced Dependence on Fossil Fuels: Increased competitiveness of green technologies could accelerate the shift away from fossil fuels, reducing dependence on non-renewable resources. Emissions Reduction: cost-competitive green technologies would lead to a substantial reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Technological Innovation - Investment in Research and Development. Green Job Opportunities. Policy Alignment - Supportive Policies.

renewable power in net zero roadmap

Renewable Power: to reducing direct emissions (Scope 1) from fossil fuel combustion and addressing indirect emissions (Scope 2) associated with purchased electricity. a cleaner and sustainable alternative, contributing significantly to achieving net-zero goals. Heavy Industrial Applications: Electrifying heavy industrial applications that cannot be run on batteries with renewable energy helps decarbonize sectors traditionally reliant on fossil fuels, contributing to the overall reduction in emissions.

resilience

Resilience in individuals prone to shame can be enhanced through building a strong social support system, fostering self-compassion, and encouraging a growth mindset. An environment that emphasizes learning rather than judgment helps develop resilience.

improve antifragility with circular economy

Resource Diversification: encourages diverse sourcing of materials, reducing dependence on a single resource or supply chain. diversification enhances resilience to disruptions such as resource scarcity, price fluctuations, or geopolitical tensions. Closed-Loop Systems: focus on creating closed-loop systems where materials are continuously reused or recycled. minimizes dependence on finite resources, reduces environmental impact, and ensures a more sustainable and resilient supply chain. Longevity and Durability: promote the creation of products with longevity and durability. designed to last longer contribute to antifragility by reducing the frequency of replacements, minimizing waste, and fostering a more sustainable consumption pattern. Adaptive Business Models: sharing or leasing instead of ownership, provides flexibility and adaptability. can adjust to changing consumer preferences, economic conditions, or external shocks, contributing to the antifragility of businesses.

global economy as a household advantages

Resource Efficiency: emphasis on efficient resource use and minimizing waste, mirroring the concept of sustainability. Interconnectedness: impact on a shared global environment, emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts to address global challenges. Stewardship: household analogy encourages responsible management of resources for the benefit of current and future generations. Simplicity in Communication: analogy makes economic concepts more accessible for communication and education, especially when explaining principles of resource allocation and budgeting.

Rio Tinto restitution

Restitutions NOT Sufficient Lack of Meaningful FPIC. Irreversible Cultural Loss: destruction of the Juukan Gorge caves resulted in the irreversible loss of culturally significant sites. Despite financial compensation, the cultural and spiritual value of the sites cannot be fully restored. Damaged Reputation.

Rio Tinto FPIC in Juukan Gorge

Rio Tinto had legal agreements but failed to secure genuine FPIC from the Puutu Kunti Kurrama and Pinikura (PKKP) people. While Rio Tinto's actions may have been legal under existing agreements, they were widely considered unethical due to the failure to secure meaningful FPIC and the irreparable damage caused to a site of significant cultural and historical value. The incident highlighted a lack of meaningful engagement, cultural sensitivity, and an inadequate understanding of the significance of the site to the PKKP.

root cause analysis in serious misconduct cases

Root cause analysis is vital in cases of serious misconduct because it goes beyond addressing the immediate symptoms and investigates the underlying factors that led to the misconduct. Simply firing individuals involved may address the immediate issue, but it doesn't address systemic or cultural issues that may have contributed. Preventing Recurrence: helps identify the fundamental reasons for misconduct, addressing root causes can reduce the likelihood of similar incidents in the future. Legal and Reputational Protection. Employee Trust and Confidence: root cause analysis communicates commitment to understanding and rectifying underlying issues which builds trust reinforcing the importance of ethical conduct. Systemic Improvement: allowing organizations to implement changes that strengthen the overall compliance framework, supports a proactive and preventative approach.

global economy as a household disadvantages

Scale and Complexity: the global economy is vastly larger and more complex than a household, which may oversimplify complex dynamics. Inequality and Power Dynamics: The household analogy may overlook issues related to wealth distribution, poverty, and social justice. Environmental Impact: the household analogy promotes resource efficiency, but may not capture comprehensive frameworks required for global issues like climate change and biodiversity loss. Lack of Autonomy: household analogy may not reflect the complexities of international relations and the diversity of economic systems. Diverse Economic Models: countries operate under diverse economic systems, and a one-size-fits-all approach may not be suitable.

Brene Brown on shame and guilt

Shame: Involves feeling inherently unworthy or defective as a person. Guilt: Involves feeling bad about one's actions or behaviors. Shame often leads to silence as individuals may fear judgment or rejection. Addressing shame in the workplace involves creating an environment that embraces vulnerability, encouraging open conversations and fostering a supportive culture where individuals feel safe sharing their experiences without fear of stigma.

anti corruption and intrinsic justice

Socrates argues that justice has intrinsic value, meaning that it is valuable in and of itself, regardless of the external consequences, individuals should act justly because it is the right thing to do, irrespective of personal gain or consequences. Anti-corruption education often emphasizes the intrinsic value of ethical behavior and justice. It seeks to instill a sense of moral duty and a commitment to integrity, encouraging individuals to resist corruption because it is inherently wrong, regardless of personal gain.

meditation benefits

Stress Reduction: Meditation can help employees manage stress by promoting relaxation and reducing the physiological response to stressors. Improved Focus and Concentration: Regular meditation enhances attention and concentration, leading to increased productivity and better decision-making in the workplace. Enhanced Emotional Regulation: Meditation cultivates emotional intelligence, allowing individuals to respond to workplace challenges with greater emotional resilience and composure. Increased Creativity: Mindful meditation has been linked to improved creativity, providing employees with a fresh perspective and innovative problem-solving skills. Better Work Relationships: Mindfulness practices can foster improved communication, empathy, and collaboration among team members, contributing to a positive workplace culture. Higher Job Satisfaction.

UN Global Compact improvements

Stricter Monitoring and Enforcement: could involve establishing more rigorous reporting requirements and consequences for non-compliance to enhance accountability. Incorporate Human Rights Due Diligence. Enhanced Focus on Supply Chain Sustainability: extend responsible business practices to their entire supply chain. Clarify Expectations for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs): offer practical, scalable approaches to implementing sustainable practices. Increase Transparency Requirements: this could include disclosing specific actions taken, progress made, and challenges faced. Promote Innovation and Technology for Sustainable Development. Include a Principle on Circular Economy: the importance of minimizing waste, promoting recycling, and adopting circular business models to enhance resource efficiency and reduce environmental impact. Encourage Collaboration Among Signatories.

Ralph Lauren Ad

The Ralph Lauren ad featuring Native American people and clothing without FPIC may perpetuate cultural appropriation. It potentially violates the American Marketing Association's Core Values, particularly the value of *Responsibility*, by not respecting the cultural context and potential harm caused by the appropriation.

UNDRIP

The UN Declaration acknowledges and protects the collective and individual rights of indigenous peoples, emphasizing the principles of equality, non-discrimination, and self-determination. Human rights recognize the inherent dignity of all individuals, including those belonging to indigenous communities. (indigenous peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect, and develop their cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and ways of life.) The rights of indigenous peoples encompass cultural, social, economic, and political dimensions, acknowledging their unique identities and histories.

meditation and mindfulness

The benefits of meditation in the workplace are closely tied to mindfulness. Meditation is a formal practice that cultivates mindfulness, which is the broader state of being fully present and aware in the current moment. Through meditation, individuals train their minds to be more mindful, and this heightened awareness carries over into various aspects of work life, contributing to the positive outcomes mentioned above.

OnlyFans compliance challenges

The challenge of verifying the age of content creators, particularly in a platform like OnlyFans with a significant volume of sexually explicit content, makes compliance challenging. The platform faced the risk of hosting underage creators, which could lead to legal repercussions and damage its reputation. The consideration of banning sexually explicit content altogether was likely a response to the difficulty in effectively addressing this compliance challenge. Implement Strict Age Verification. Monitoring and Reporting Mechanisms. Collaboration with Law Enforcement: Establishing strong partnerships with law enforcement agencies to streamline the reporting and investigation of potential cases involving underage content creators.

indigenous peoples history and human rights

The long history of genocide and cultural marginalization of indigenous peoples gives them different moral rights due to the profound and enduring impact of historical injustices. These moral rights arise from the recognition of the unique harms suffered by indigenous communities and the ongoing consequences of colonization. Historical Injustices: centuries of colonization, forced displacement, cultural assimilation, and violence. Loss of Land and Resources. Cultural Genocide: marginalization and attempts to erase indigenous languages, traditions, and practices amount to a form of cultural genocide. right to preserve and revitalize their cultural identity becomes a unique and essential moral claim.

transportation sector transition

Transition Stage: Shift from Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) Vehicles to Electric Vehicles (EVs) Obstacles: developing robust charging infrastructure to support widespread adoption., overcoming initial costs, concerns about limited driving range of some electric vehicles. Promising Technologies: advanced battery technology to improve energy density and reduce costs & fast-charging technologies to reduce charging times. Complexities: interconnected challenges such as infrastructure development, consumer adoption, and technological advancements, regulatory landscape and government policies influence market dynamics

plastics psychological challenge

Visibility vs. Impact: Plastic straws gained significant visibility due to their single-use nature and association with marine pollution. Sustainability leaders must also prioritize less visible but more impactful aspects of the plastic problem, such as microplastics and plastic packaging waste. Symbolic Nature of Initiatives: eliminating plastic straws is a symbolic gesture that raises awareness about the broader issue of plastic pollution (need to ensure no sole focus on symbolic actions and address the systemic challenges) Complexity of the Plastic Problem: from production and consumption patterns to waste management and environmental impact. Balancing Urgency and Impact: plastic straws (urgent issues) capture public attention and may elicit quicker responses from businesses and policymakers. Lifecycle Thinking: need to consider the entire lifecycle of plastics, from raw material extraction and production to use and disposal.

VUCA decarbonizing the economy

Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, Ambiguous. Volatile Nature of Regulatory Landscape: decarbonization is subject to frequent and sometimes unpredictable changes based on political, economic, and societal factors. Uncertainty in Technological Advancements: rapid pace of technological advancements in decarbonization may outpace predictions, leading to unexpected breakthroughs. Complexity of Global Supply Chains: intricate and interconnected, disruptions in one part of the world can have cascading effects on the availability and cost of materials. Ambiguity in Consumer Behavior and Preferences: predicting and influencing consumer behavior in the transition to low-carbon options is challenging.

learning how to think

Wallace suggests that learning how to think involves breaking free from the automatic, default reactions and assumptions. It's about becoming aware of one's thoughts and choosing to think in ways that lead to a more conscious and compassionate understanding of oneself and others. This, according to Wallace, is essential for a meaningful and fulfilling life.

corporate initiatives for improving mental health

Wellness Workshops and Programs: on stress management, mindfulness, and well-being to help employees develop coping mechanisms. Flexible Work Arrangements: flexible schedules or remote work options to help employees achieve better work-life balance. Counseling Services: Providing access to mental health professionals, either on-site or through employee benefits, to offer counseling and therapy services. Access to Resources: to resources like hotlines, online tools, and mental health apps for additional support.

Tariq Fancy on ESG finance

analogy of giving "wheatgrass to a cancer patient" suggests skepticism toward the effectiveness of ESG finance. ESG initiatives may be well-intentioned, like offering a health-conscious option (wheatgrass) to someone with a serious ailment (cancer), but they might not address the fundamental issues or challenges adequately.

tesla vehicles

are the vehicles emission-free when driven? Zero Tailpipe Emissions: run on electric power stored in batteries, no tailpipe emissions of pollutants. Source of Electricity Matters: environmental impact of driving a Tesla depends on the source of the electricity used to charge the vehicle. if the electricity comes from fossil fuel power plants, emissions occur at the power plant rather than the vehicle itself. Life Cycle Emissions: Studies indicate that, over the vehicle's entire life cycle, including manufacturing, EVs can still have lower overall emissions compared to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles, especially as the electricity grid becomes cleaner. 4. Advantages Over Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles: higher efficiency of electric motors and the potential for using cleaner sources of electricity.

Pete Anderson on compliance incidents

considering compliance "incidents" as assets means recognizing that these incidents provide valuable opportunities for learning, improvement, and strengthening the overall compliance program. Learning Opportunities: incidents can reveal weaknesses, gaps, or areas for improvement within the compliance system, can implement measures to prevent similar issues in the future. Continuous Improvement: each incident offers a chance to refine policies, procedures, and training programs, fostering an environment where compliance is an evolving and improving process. Enhanced Risk Mitigation: the root causes of incidents allows organizations to proactively address underlying risks which helps prevent potential compliance breaches. Cultural Development: contributes to the development of a compliance-oriented culture.

Wallace this is water

contrasts 'the default setting,' representing the automatic, self-centered way of perceiving the world, with 'really learning how to think' and 'pay attention,' which involves consciously choosing how to interpret and respond to life.

ethics of care in decarbonizing the economy

critique by Tronto of Gilligan's ethics of care centers on the need to expand the scope of care ethics beyond interpersonal relationships to include broader societal structures and systemic issues. - Gilligan's care ethics emphasizes the ethical considerations within personal relationships and responsibilities to others in their immediate circles. emphasizes the care perspective in understanding women's ethical reasoning. - Tronto argues that care ethics needs to address systemic and structural issues. critique suggests that addressing climate change requires considerations beyond individual moral decisions to encompass systemic changes in economic, industrial, and political structures. - Tronto's critique calls for an ecological extension of care ethics, acknowledging that caring responsibilities extend to the environment. implies considering the ethical dimensions of how economic systems impact ecosystems and the well-being of future generations. - Tronto's critique involves examining how decarbonization efforts impact different social groups, considering issues of climate justice and the disproportionate effects of environmental changes on marginalized communities.

fraud

deliberate deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain, usually involving misrepresentation or manipulation of information.

money laundering

disguising the origins of illegally obtained money, typically by passing it through a complex sequence of banking transfers or commercial transactions.

circular economy

economic model designed to minimize waste and make the most of resources by keeping materials in use for as long as possible. the goal is to create a closed-loop system where resources are continually reused, recycled, or repurposed. Design for Longevity. Reuse and Repair. Recycling and Material Recovery. Resource Efficiency.

SHIELDS framework

factors or strategies company leaders may deploy to deter prosecutors from pursuing a potential case against the company. Strong Compliance Program: existence of a robust and effective compliance program within the organization can serve as a shield. Holistic Cooperation: with prosecutors during investigations can be a powerful shield, involves providing full access to relevant information, assisting in the investigation, and addressing any concerns raised by prosecutors. Integrity of Leadership: commitment to ethical business practices and demonstrating that leadership sets a positive example can influence prosecutorial decisions. Ethical Corporate Culture: of compliance, integrity, and responsible business conduct. Legal Privileges: such as attorney-client privilege, is a shield. Document Retention Policies: can serve as a shield demonstrating transparency and compliance with legal requirements. Sustainable Remediation: corrective measures, addressing root causes, and preventing recurrence can be a shield against further legal action.

extortion

obtaining something, such as money or property, through force or threats.

bribery

offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting something of value to influence the actions of an official or other person in a position of authority.

goal of enforcement actions

primary goal of enforcement actions is to ensure compliance with laws and regulations, uphold public trust, and promote a fair and just business environment Deterrence: Discourage businesses from engaging in unlawful or unethical practices by imposing penalties and consequences on those found in violation. Correction and Accountability. Protection of the Public Interest: by addressing practices that may harm consumers, investors, employees, or the broader community. Restitution and Compensation: to affected parties when appropriate, offering a form of redress for harm caused by a business's actions, reinforces the principle of accountability. Preservation of Market Integrity: by preventing fraudulent activities, market manipulation, or unfair competition.

SPEARS framework

prosecutors use it to identify key factors when considering whether to prosecute businesses and their leaders for misconduct Seriousness of the Offense: severity and nature of the alleged misconduct is assessed by prosecutors, whether the offense is a serious violation of laws or regulations Pervasiveness of Wrongdoing: prosecutors evaluate whether the misconduct is isolated or systemic within the organization, pervasiveness suggests a more deeply rooted problem that may warrant stronger legal action. Effectiveness of the Corporation's Compliance Program: prosecutors assess whether the organization had proper measures in place to prevent, detect, and address misconduct. A robust compliance program can be a mitigating factor. Attorney-Client Privilege Issues: prosecutors scrutinize any potential issues related to attorney-client privilege. Remedial Actions: prosecutors consider whether the organization promptly investigated the issue, took corrective measures, and implemented changes to prevent recurrence. Subsequent Cooperation: prosecutors assess the level of cooperation from the corporation during the investigation.

SDG in sustainability reporting

providing a framework to communicate their contributions to global sustainability. Reporting frameworks, such as the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) and the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB), may include specific indicators related to the SDGs. Companies identify which SDGs align most closely with their core business activities, products, and services and articulate how their operations contribute to achieving specific SDGs. The SDGs encourage companies to adopt forward-looking design thinking in addressing social and environmental challenges. Instead of relying solely on retroactive disaster relief approaches, companies are prompted to proactively design products, services, and business models that contribute to sustainable development, addressing challenges at their root causes. Long-Term Value Creation - resilience and longevity of operations

genocide aesthetic

refers to the harmful and inappropriate use of indigenous symbols and imagery for fashion or marketing, trivializing the history of violence and oppression faced by indigenous communities.

earth overshoot day

represents the point in the calendar when humans have consumed more natural resources and produced more waste than the planet can sustainably support within that year. calculated based on the ecological footprint. When Earth Overshoot Day occurs earlier in the calendar year, it indicates that humanity is placing greater stress on the planet's ecosystems, depleting resources faster than they can be regenerated. Conversely, a later Earth Overshoot Day would signify a more sustainable level of resource consumption.

nepotism/Cronyism

the favoritism shown to relatives or close friends in making decisions, such as appointments or promotions, based on personal relationships rather than merit.

embezzlement

the misappropriation or theft of funds entrusted to an individual, often someone in a position of trust or responsibility.

carbon net neutral

the state in which the balance between the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted into the atmosphere and the amount removed or offset is equal. Achieving carbon net neutrality is a critical goal in the context of mitigating climate change. Carbon net neutrality involves balancing carbon emissions with actions that remove or offset an equivalent amount of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

kickbacks

when someone receives a payment in return for facilitating a transaction, typically involving a contract or business deal.