ch 1:

_____ is the capacity for recognizing and managing one's own and others' emotions. A. Expressed emotion B. Relationship management C. Adaptive capacity D. Emotional intelligence E. Pattern recognition

D. Emotional intelligence

Which of these is a way to develop social capital within an organization? A. Building knowledge B. Skills training C. Economic motivation D. Forming sports teams E. Product development

D. Forming sports teams

E-business refers to using the Internet to facilitate every aspect of running a business.

true

Ethics involves the study of moral issues and choices.

true

Expenditure on education and training can be treated as investment in human capital.

true

Organizations can reduce the need for whistle-blowing by encouraging free and open expression of dissenting viewpoints.

true

Professional networking sites such as LinkedIn help employees expand and cultivate their social capital.

true

Social capital can either be internal or external to the organization.

true

Technology enables employees to exert more control over the information they send and receive.

true

The Hawthorne studies showed that data-driven research can guide managerial actions.

true

Three basic levels of analysis in organizational behavior are individual, group, and organizational.

true

Which of these is a Theory Y assumption about people at work? A. People can learn to accept and seek responsibility. B. Most people dislike work. C. Most people actually prefer to be directed. D. People require close direction when they are working. E. People are interested only in security.

A. People can learn to accept and seek responsibility.

Which of the following would help improve an organization's ethical climate? A. Providing a code of ethics for specific, rather than general, problems B. Following a bottom-to- top system of enforcing ethical behavior C. Avoiding a punishment-reward system for reinforcing behavior D. Appointing designated whistleblowers for the company E. Increasing performance pressure on employees

A. Providing a code of ethics for specific, rather than general, problems Employees can be trained to identify and deal with ethical issues during orientation and through seminar, video, and Internet training sessions

Which of the following refers to the productive potential of strong, trusting, and cooperative relationships? A. Social capital B. Skills C. Motivation D. Social cost E. Human capital

A. Social capital

_____ calls for using management concepts and techniques in a situationally appropriate manner, instead of trying to rely on "one best way." A. The contingency approach B. McGregor's Theory X C. Maslow's hierarchy of needs D. Taylorism E. The human relations approach

A. The contingency approach

Which of the following represents a company's investment in developing its human capital? A. Training employees to develop skills B. Encouraging team-building in the company C. Starting a company basketball team D. Following the required safety regulations E. Improving the product development process

A. Training employees to develop skills

In Carroll's model of corporate social responsibility, economic responsibility implies that: A. companies should make a profit consistent with expectations. B. companies should invest all their profits in social improvement programs. C. companies should avoid operating with the motive of obtaining profit. D. companies should make a profit at all costs, to maximize shareholder benefits. E. companies should minimize or eliminate activities that are not profitable.

A. companies should make a profit consistent with expectations. Level 1 of Carroll's model

The 'H' in the CHOSE model of key POB dimensions stands for: A. hope. B. health. C. hard work. D. honor. E. height.

A. hope. 'H' in the CHOSE model of key POB dimensions stands for Hope.

A present or future employee with the right combination of knowledge, skills, and motivation to excel represents _____ with the potential to give the organization a competitive advantage. A. human capital B. a whistle-blower C. a Theory X employee D. a competence oppressor E. a competence suppressor

A. human capital

A _____ is a statistical pooling technique that permits behavioral scientists to draw general conclusions about certain variables from many different studies. A. meta-analysis B. case study C. field study D. laboratory study E. sample survey

A. meta-analysis

The development of _____ in management theory changed the view of employees as simply inputs into the production process. A. the human relations movement B. Gantt charts C. Taylorism D. the contingency approach E. the scientific method

A. the human relations movement

Which of the following best describes a case study? A. A statistical technique that permits scientists to draw conclusions from many different studies B. An in-depth analysis of a single individual, group, or organization C. A study of individual or group processes in a real-life setting D. A study in which variables are manipulated and measured in contrived situations. E. A study in which samples of people from specified populations respond to questionnaires

B. An in-depth analysis of a single individual, group, or organization

"All persons are intrinsically valuable and have the right to self-determination" relates to which of the seven moral principles defined by Kent Hodgson? A. Dignity of human life B. Autonomy C. Honesty D. Loyalty E. Fairness

B. Autonomy

Which of the following best describes e-commerce? A. Performing all business activities online B. Buying and selling goods over the Internet C. Giving employees telecommuting facilities D. Using telemarketing as a sales tool E. Developing internal social capital online

B. Buying and selling goods over the Internet

The 1960 book titled 'The Human Side of Enterprise" was written by: A. Elton Mayo. B. Douglas McGregor. C. Fredrick Taylor. D. Mary Parker Follett. E. Clayton Christensen.

B. Douglas McGregor.

When Kyra says that her department head, Tia, sets goals, figures out how to achieve them, and is self-motivated to accomplish them, she is referring to which of the following dimensions of the CHOSE model? A. Confidence B. Hope C. Optimism D. Subjective well-being E. Emotional intelligence

B. Hope 'hope' characterizes one who sets goals, figures out how to achieve them (identify pathways) and is self-motivated to accomplish them, that is, willpower and "waypower."

_____ is defined as the study and application of positively oriented human resource strengths and psychological capacities that can be measured, developed, and effectively managed for performance improvement in today's workplace. A. Maslow's hierarchy of needs B. Positive organizational behavior C. McGregor's Theory XY D. The contingency approach E. Positive predictive value

B. Positive organizational behavior

An organization wants to develop and implement a code of ethics in order to encourage ethical behavior among employees. Which of the following is a desirable characteristic for an organization's code of ethics? A. The code of ethics should encourage whistle-blowing in cases of ethical lapses. B. The code of ethics should only be developed if employees are morally attentive. C. The code of ethics should be backed by support from top management. D. The code of ethics should cover general, rather than specific, ethical cases. E. Enforcement of the code of ethics should not be based on punishment and reward.

B. The code of ethics should only be developed if employees are morally attentive. Codes of ethics can have a positive impact if they satisfy these four criteria: They are distributed to every employee. They are firmly supported by top management. They refer to specific practices and ethical dilemmas likely to be encountered by target employees They are evenly enforced with rewards for compliance and strict penalties for noncompliance

The concept of _____ means that businesses have obligations to others, beyond shareholders and beyond the bounds of law or contract. A. collaborative leadership B. corporate social responsibility C. positive organizational behavior D. communities of innovation E. contingency theory

B. corporate social responsibility

A _____ is an organizational behavior research technique that probes individual or group processes in an organizational setting. Its results often have immediate and practical relevance for managers because it involves real life situations. A. meta-analysis B. field study C. laboratory study D. sample survey E. focus group

B. field study

Contingency theory in management grew from the awareness that: A. organizational behavior theories are incorrect. B. organizational behavior theories cannot be applied to all situations. C. McGregor's Theory Y made more sense than McGregor's Theory X. D. it is important to rely on the "one best method" in all cases. E. Theory Y management is a barrier to employee well-being.

B. organizational behavior theories cannot be applied to all situations. The contingency approach grew from awareness that OB theories cannot be applied in all situations.

____, who headed the Harvard researchers in the Hawthorne studies, advised managers to attend to employees & emotional needs. A. Fredrick Taylor B. Mary Parker Follet C. Elton Mayo D. Douglas McGregor E. Frank Gilbreth

C. Elton Mayo

The 1933 book "The Human Problems of an Industrial Civilization", which advised managers to attend to employees& emotional needs, was written by: A. Mary Parker Follet. B. Fredrick Taylor. C. Elton Mayo. D. Douglas McGregor. E. Clayton Christensen.

C. Elton Mayo.

The _____ was/were the prime stimulus for the human relations movement in management and organizational behavior. A. World Wars B. Great Depression C. Hawthorne studies D. contingency approach E. Internet

C. Hawthorne studies a study, conducted at Western Electric's Chicago-area Hawthorne plant, was a prime stimulus for the human relations movement

In the multi-level approach to positive psychology, the individual level is about: A. responsibility and nurturance. B. altruism and civility. C. courage and forgiveness. D. well-being and contentment. E. civic virtues and citizenship.

C. courage and forgiveness. at the individual level, it is about positive individual traits: the capacity for love and vocation, courage, interpersonal skill, aesthetic sensibility, perseverance, forgiveness, originality, future mindedness, spirituality, high talent, and wisdom

In the multi-level approach to positive psychology, the subjective level is about: A. courage and perseverance. B. citizenship and work ethic. C. flow and happiness. D. civic virtues and institutions. E. selfishness and greed.

C. flow and happiness. at the subjective level is about valued subjective experiences: well-being, contentment, and satisfaction (in the past); hope and optimism (for the future); and flow and happiness (in the present)

Before the human relations movement in management, employees were viewed as: A. self-motivated and ambitious. B. human capital for the firm. C. inputs in the production process. D. individuals with their own needs. E. social capital for the firm.

C. inputs in the production process. Prior to the 1930s employees were largely viewed and treated simply as inputs into the production process.

In a _____ study, variables are manipulated and measured in contrived situations. A. sample B. case C. laboratory D. field E. contingent

C. laboratory

Which of these is a Theory X assumption about people at work? A. Work is a natural activity. B. People are capable of self-direction if they are committed to objectives. C. The typical employee can learn to accept and seek responsibility. D. People become committed to objectives if they are rewarded for doing so. E. Most people prefer to be directed.

E. Most people prefer to be directed.

Which of the following best describes the field of organizational behavior? A. An exclusively theoretical approach to understanding the various management styles B. A field dedicated to analyzing the interactions of corporate organizations in the market C. A branch of management theory that operates independently of psychology and anthropology D. An interdisciplinary field dedicated to better understanding and managing people at work E. A field of research dedicated to improving motivational tactics to increase productivity

D. An interdisciplinary field dedicated to better understanding and managing people at work

Which approach calls for using management concepts and techniques in a situationally appropriate manner? A. The one-best- way approach B. Human relations approach C. Theory X management approach D. Contingency approach E. Theory Y management approach

D. Contingency approach

Which of these refers to using information communication technologies to facilitate every aspect of running a business? A. E-mail B. E-commerce C. Third-party marketplaces D. E-business E. E-procurement

D. E-business

_____ is the study of moral issues and choices, and is concerned with the concepts of right versus wrong and good versus bad. A. Efficiency B. Strategy C. Motivation D. Ethics E. Leadership

D. Ethics

_____ was a female management consultant in the male-dominated industrial world of the 1920s, who advocated a "pull" rather than "push"strategy for managers. A. Mary Baker Eddy B. Susan B Anthony C. G.E.M. Anscombe D. Mary Parker Follett E. Lillian Gilbreth

D. Mary Parker Follett

As a production manager of Great Golf Products (GGP), Hannah believes that her employees are capable of self-direction and self-control. She also believes that they are committed to (GGP) objectives since they are rewarded for doing so. According to Douglas McGregor's system, Hannah can be described as a: A. Theory X manager. B. social capital manager. C. Six Sigma manager. D. Theory Y manager. E. Hawthorne manager.

D. Theory Y manager.

According to the researchers in the Hawthorne studies, the results from the Hawthorne studies demonstrated that employee performance can be improved by: A. developing a formal procedure for collective bargaining. B. developing a code of ethics for the organization. C. following an autocratic leadership style. D. attending to individual needs and group dynamics. E. formulating a mission statement for the organization.

D. attending to individual needs and group dynamics.

In the multi-level approach to positive psychology, the group level is about: A. valued subjective experiences. B. hope and contentment. C. the capacity for love and vocation. D. civic virtues and altruism. E. high talent and wisdom.

D. civic virtues and altruism. at the group level is about the civic virtues and the institutions that move individuals toward better citizenship: responsibility, nurturance, altruism, civility, moderation, tolerance, and work ethic

In Carroll's model of corporate social responsibility, a company fulfills its legal responsibility by: A. ensuring that all employees have no criminal records. B. formulating internal codes of ethics that are enforced through punishment. C. supporting only those social causes that are not subject to controversy or debate. D. obeying the law of host countries as well as international law. E. developing industry-wide ethical standards and ensuring compliance.

D. obeying the law of host countries as well as international law. Level 2 of Carroll's model

'The common good' is one of the seven moral principles defined by Kent Hodgson. It means that: A. our actions ought to accomplish good, and we should avoid doing evil. B. one has the obligation to treat others fairly and justly. C. the truth should be told to those who have a right to know it. D. one should act in ways that benefit the most people. E. we should show concern for others through kindness, serving, and caring.

D. one should act in ways that benefit the most people. the common good means that actions should accomplish the "greatest good for the greatest number" of peopl

Kent Hodgson's principle of loyalty implies that: A. people should be treated justly. B. all persons have the right to self-determination. C. the truth should be told to those who have a right to know it. D. promises, contracts, and commitments should be honored. E. actions should accomplish the "greatest good for the greatest number" of people.

D. promises, contracts, and commitments should be honored.

Which of the following dimensions of the CHOSE model relates to self-awareness, self-motivation, being empathetic, and having social skills? A. Confidence B. Hope C. Optimism D. Subjective well-being E. Emotional intelligence

E. Emotional intelligence

The CHOSE acronym that identifies the five key dimensions of positive organizational behaviour was created by: A. Douglas McGregor. B. Elton Mayo. C. Fredrick Taylor. D. Mary Parker Follett. E. Fred Luthans.

E. Fred Luthans.

52. _____ is the productive potential of an individual's knowledge and actions. A. Social cost B. Optimism C. Motivation D. Teamwork E. Human capital

E. Human capital

John has always believed that his employees are lazy and they dislike work. He is afraid that if he does not provide close direction and supervision, they will goof off. John's managerial style conforms to: A. Maslow's hierarchy of needs. B. the findings of the Hawthorne studies. C. Mary Follet&'s theories. D. the human relations view. E. McGregor's Theory X.

E. McGregor's Theory X.

According to Carroll's model of corporate social responsibility, a company fulfills its philanthropic responsibility by: A. making a profit. B. obeying the laws of the host country. C. obeying the laws of the home country. D. being ethical in its practices. E. being a good corporate citizen.

E. being a good corporate citizen. Level 4 of Carroll's model

Humaneness is one of the seven moral principles defined by Kent Hodgson. It means that: A. the lives of people should be respected and human beings have a right to live. B. all persons are intrinsically valuable and have the right to self-determination. C. the truth should be told to those who have a right to know it. D. our actions should accomplish the "greatest good for the greatest number" of people. E. we should do good to others as well as to ourselves.

E. we should do good to others as well as to ourselves. humaneness implies that our actions ought to accomplish good, and we should avoid doing evil.

From the employees& perspective, Theory Y management practices are a major barrier to productivity improvement and employee well-being.

FALSE A survey of 10,227 employees from many industries across the United States challenges managers to do a better job of acting on McGregor's Theory Y assumptions. From the employees' perspective, Theory X management practices are the major barrier to productivity improvement and employee well-being

The human relations movement was widely criticized because it viewed employees as passive economic beings rather than active social beings.

FALSE Despite its shortcomings, the human relations movement opened the door to more progressive thinking about human nature. Rather than continuing to view employees as passive economic beings, managers began to see them as active social beings and took steps to create more humane work environments.

An e-business is one that relies on the internet primarily to buy and sell things.

FALSE Experts on the subject draw an important distinction between e-commerce (buying and selling goods and services over the Internet) and e-business, using information communication technologies to facilitate every aspect of running a business.

Human capital is job-specific and hence, cannot be generalized to various jobs.

FALSE Human capital can be either specific to your current job (e.g., knowledge of your company's products or services) or more generic and serve you across jobs (e.g., Series 7 certification to sell financial products)

According to Kent Hodgson, there are absolute ethical answers for decision makers.

FALSE Kent Hodgson argues that there are no absolute ethical answers for decision makers.

Mary Parker Follett, a famous management consultant, strongly believed in demanding performance from employees instead of motivating job performance.

FALSE Mary Parker Follett was way ahead of her time in telling managers to motivate job performance instead of merely demanding it, a "pull" rather than "push" strategy

Theory Y assumptions about employees, according to McGregor, are pessimistic and negative.

FALSE McGregor's Theory X assumptions were pessimistic and negative and, according to McGregor's interpretation, typical of how managers traditionally perceived employees.

By definition, organizational behavior is research-oriented and not application- oriented.

FALSE Organizational behavior is both research and application oriented.

An ethical organization strives to increase the need for whistle-blowing within the organization.

FALSE Organizations can reduce the need for whistle-blowing by encouraging free and open expression of dissenting viewpoints and giving employees a voice through fair grievance procedures and/or anonymous ethics hot lines.

Sustainable businesses are led by CEOs who take a target-driven approach rather than an inclusive approach.

FALSE Research shows that sustainable businesses are led by CEOs who take a people-centered, inclusive approach rather than a controlling, target-driven one.

In today & world, in order to be able to compete in global market, one has to be an industry giant.

FALSE Technology allows companies to have a "virtual presence" in many markets. As a result, local companies often can compete nationally and internationally. Likewise, small companies can more easily compete by using software for accounting, inventory, and other important systems that give them capabilities typically available only to large companies. That means you don't necessarily have to be an industry giant to compete

The contingency approach discourages managers from viewing organizational behavior (OB) within a situational context.

FALSE The contingency approach encourages managers to view organizational behaviour within a situational context.

E-business has significant implications for management, but not for organizational behavior.

FALSE Today's companies are using Internet technologies to connect with employees, customers, suppliers, and other stakeholders both within and outside the organization and around the globe. Such intensive connectedness has many implications for employees and employers alike.

Human and social capital cannot be built; they are inherent qualities.

FALSE Human capital can be built through job rotation, training etc. and social capital can be built through mentoring relationship, conferences etc

One of the main assumptions of McGregor& Theory Y is that work is a natural activity, just like play or rest.

TRUE One of the main assumptions of McGregor's Theory Y is that work is a natural activity, just like play or rest.

Elton Mayo advised managers to attend to employees& emotional needs in his work 'The Human Problems of an Industrial Civilization

TRUE Australian-born Mayo, who headed the Harvard researchers at Hawthorne, advised managers to attend to employees' emotional needs in his 1933 classic, The Human Problems of an Industrial Civilization.

Prior to the human relations movement, employees were viewed and treated simply as inputs into the production process.

TRUE Prior to the 1930s employees were largely viewed and treated simply as inputs into the production process. Then a unique combination of factors transpired that fostered the human relations movement.

The contingency approach grew from awareness that OB theories cannot be applied in all situations.

TRUE The contingency approach grew from awareness that OB theories cannot be applied in all situations

The field of organizational behavior has evolved over time.

TRUE To better understand the field of OB, we consider its evolution and cover where it has been, where it is today, and some insights into where it appears to be headed.

Senior executives tend to resort to unethical behaviour more frequently than lower-level employees.

TRUE Unethical behavior occurs at all organizational levels, although recent research indicates that senior executives tend to have significantly more positive perceptions of ethics in their organizations than do lower-level employees.

The essence of the Hawthorne studies was to manipulate a variety of workplace factors and measure the effects on worker performance.

True

The 'C& in Fred Luthans & CHOSE model of key positive organizational behavior (POB) dimensions stands for confidence.

True CONFIDENCE

The field of organizational behavior is influenced by changes in the field of psychology.

True OB draws heavily on the field of psychology. This often means that major shifts and trends in psychology eventually ripple through to OB

Positive organizational behavior (POB) is positively associated with employee engagement and organizational commitment.

True POB is positively associated with employee engagement, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, performance, well-being, and customer satisfaction

The field of organizational behavior (OB) is dynamic and a work in progress.

True not static nor in its final form

Organizational behavior is applicable only in for-profit organizations.

false (Organizational behavior is an academic designation focused on managing people within and between individual, group, and organizational levels. Thus it is critical for success in any job and at any level.)