Ch. 10-15 quizzes

A student who is having difficulty in school begins acting in a childish manner. This is an example of which defense mechanism?

regression

What did Freud mean by "catharsis"?

release of pent-up emotion

When a psychoanalyst asks someone to free associate, what should the person do?

say everything that comes to mind

Exposure to bright lights for a few hours a day is recommended treatment for which disorder?

seasonal affective disorder

As opposed to a state, a trait is more

stable

The theory behind the Thematic Apperception Test is that the stories a person tells about an ambiguous picture will

?

Which of these is an example of a situational attribution?

He took the newspaper job because it was the only job available

How is "stereotype" defined?

a belief or attitude about a group of people

What is the DSM?

a book about how to diagnose mental disorders

A repetitive, almost irresistible action is know as

a compulsion

A circadian rhythm lasts about how long?

a day

Positive symptoms in schizophrenia refer to behaviors that ____________, while negative symptoms refer to behaviors that ____________.

are present are absent

Systematic desensitization is a special type of which psychotherapy?

behavior therapy

What problem is characteristic of generalized anxiety disorder?

feeling anxiety too often or too intensely

In which condition does the brain show a low, steady rate of activity and no response to any stimulus?

coma

According to psychodynamic approaches, what does personality result from?

conflict among conscious and unconscious forces

In the form of psychotherapy practiced by Alfred Adler, he tried to get people to change their

goals and assumptions

Psychologists who believe we have a few basic emotions generally list six. Which of these is NOT one of those six?

love

John B. Watson proposed that people learn phobias by associating a harmless thing with something frightening or dangerous (as in the case of Little Albert). One weakness in this theory is that

many people develop phobias of objects that never hurt them

According to the theory of cognitive dissonance, people try to

minimize the conflict between their contradictory attitudes

Unlike young people, most people over the age of sixty-five are

morning people

Which of the following is an example of a "personality disorder"?

narcissism

Two of the "big five" personality factors are

neuroticism and conscientiousness

Arousal of the sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for

"fight or flight"

Which of these functions do emotional expressions serve?

They communicate our likely behaviors to other people

People in a group (especially a group of strangers) are less likely to offer help to a person in need than as a single individual. Of the following, which is the best explanation for this tendency?

diffusion of responsibility

The Type A personality that tends to be associated with heart disease is characterized by

impatience and hostility

In Freud's theory, the id is the part of the personality that

includes biological drives

One of the main difficulties with current tests of "emotional intelligence" is that

it is difficult to determine the "right" answers to many of the questions

REM sleep is also called paradoxical sleep because

the brain is very active, but the muscles are relaxed

What is a common criticism of the Rorschach Inkblots?

the reliability of the test is lower than the validity

Which of the following was NOT one of the reasons teachers in Milgram's experiment on obedience to authority obeyed the experimenter and delivered the shock to the learner?

the subjects knew that they were not actually delivering any shock

What is the purpose of the MMPI?

to measure personality tendencies

One criticism of DSM is that it incorrectly

treats certain normal reactions as if they were disorders

In which condition does someone show only limited responsiveness, such as increased heart rate in response to pain?

vegetative state