Ch. 10-15 quizzes
A student who is having difficulty in school begins acting in a childish manner. This is an example of which defense mechanism?
regression
What did Freud mean by "catharsis"?
release of pent-up emotion
When a psychoanalyst asks someone to free associate, what should the person do?
say everything that comes to mind
Exposure to bright lights for a few hours a day is recommended treatment for which disorder?
seasonal affective disorder
As opposed to a state, a trait is more
stable
The theory behind the Thematic Apperception Test is that the stories a person tells about an ambiguous picture will
?
Which of these is an example of a situational attribution?
He took the newspaper job because it was the only job available
How is "stereotype" defined?
a belief or attitude about a group of people
What is the DSM?
a book about how to diagnose mental disorders
A repetitive, almost irresistible action is know as
a compulsion
A circadian rhythm lasts about how long?
a day
Positive symptoms in schizophrenia refer to behaviors that ____________, while negative symptoms refer to behaviors that ____________.
are present are absent
Systematic desensitization is a special type of which psychotherapy?
behavior therapy
What problem is characteristic of generalized anxiety disorder?
feeling anxiety too often or too intensely
In which condition does the brain show a low, steady rate of activity and no response to any stimulus?
coma
According to psychodynamic approaches, what does personality result from?
conflict among conscious and unconscious forces
In the form of psychotherapy practiced by Alfred Adler, he tried to get people to change their
goals and assumptions
Psychologists who believe we have a few basic emotions generally list six. Which of these is NOT one of those six?
love
John B. Watson proposed that people learn phobias by associating a harmless thing with something frightening or dangerous (as in the case of Little Albert). One weakness in this theory is that
many people develop phobias of objects that never hurt them
According to the theory of cognitive dissonance, people try to
minimize the conflict between their contradictory attitudes
Unlike young people, most people over the age of sixty-five are
morning people
Which of the following is an example of a "personality disorder"?
narcissism
Two of the "big five" personality factors are
neuroticism and conscientiousness
Arousal of the sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for
"fight or flight"
Which of these functions do emotional expressions serve?
They communicate our likely behaviors to other people
People in a group (especially a group of strangers) are less likely to offer help to a person in need than as a single individual. Of the following, which is the best explanation for this tendency?
diffusion of responsibility
The Type A personality that tends to be associated with heart disease is characterized by
impatience and hostility
In Freud's theory, the id is the part of the personality that
includes biological drives
One of the main difficulties with current tests of "emotional intelligence" is that
it is difficult to determine the "right" answers to many of the questions
REM sleep is also called paradoxical sleep because
the brain is very active, but the muscles are relaxed
What is a common criticism of the Rorschach Inkblots?
the reliability of the test is lower than the validity
Which of the following was NOT one of the reasons teachers in Milgram's experiment on obedience to authority obeyed the experimenter and delivered the shock to the learner?
the subjects knew that they were not actually delivering any shock
What is the purpose of the MMPI?
to measure personality tendencies
One criticism of DSM is that it incorrectly
treats certain normal reactions as if they were disorders
In which condition does someone show only limited responsiveness, such as increased heart rate in response to pain?
vegetative state