Ch. 10 Pre-AP Physics: Heat
What temperature has the same numerical value on both the Celsius and the Fahrenheit scales?
-40
What is the temperature of a system in thermal equilibrium with another system made up of water and steam at 1 atm of pressure?
100C
A substance registers a temperature change from 20C to 40C. This corresponds to an incremental change of
20K
If 546K equals 273C, then 500K equals
227C
What is the temperature of a system in thermal equilibrium with another system made up of ice and water at 1 atm of pressure?
273K
The average normal body temperature for human beings is 98.6F. This corresponds to which of the following in degrees Kelvin?
310K
Which of the following is equivalent to 88F?
31C
A substance registers a temperature change from 20C to 40C. This corresponds to an incrememntal change of
36F
At what point on the figure above does the substance undergo a phase change?
B
At what point on the figure above is the amount of energy transferred as heat approximately 4.19x10^3 J?
C
The use of fiberglass insulation in the outer walls of a building is intended to minimize heat transfer through what process?
Conduction
Describe how temperature is related to kinetic energy of the molecules of the gas in the figure above.
Energy is added, kinetic energy increases and temperature increases
What is thermal conduction? What happens to atoms during thermal conduction?
Energy is transferred from high energy particles to lower energy particles through a material
If there is no temperature difference between a substance and its surroundings, what has occured on the microscopic level?
Energy was transferred from higher-energy particles to lower-energy particles.
Why does sandpaper get hot when it is rubbed against a rusty metal?
Friction is creating the heat
Describe on a microscopic level why energy transfer as heat moves from an object at high temperature to an object at low temperature.
Higher energy particles collide with lower energy particles, increasing their energy.
What happens to the internal energy of an ideal gas when it is heated from 0C to 4C?
It increases
All of the following are widely used temperature scales EXCEPT
Joule
Which of the following best describes the relationship between two systems in thermal equilibrium?
No net energy is exchanged
Do "heat" and "cold" flow between objects? Explain.
No, heat and cold do not flow, energy transfer changes temperature
What is a phase change?
Physical change from one state to another at constant temperature and pressure
Why would covering most of the body keep a person cool in the desert?
Protects the body from direct sunlight and prevents loss of body water from evaporation.
On a sunny day at the beach, the reason the sand gets hot and the water stays relatively cool is attributed to the difference in which property between water and sand?
Specific heat
Heat flow occurs between two bodies in thermal contact when they differ in which of the following properties?
Temperature
If energy is transferred from a table to a block of ice moving across the table, which of the following statements is true?
The ice is cooler than the table
In the figure above, what happens to the ice at 0C?
The ice starts to melt and change to water; no temperature change
The figure above shows how the temperature of 10g of ice changes as energy is added. Which of the following statements is correct?
The water absorbed energy continuously, but the temperature increased only when all of the water was in one phase.
What is hypothermia?
Transfer of too much energy from the body to the surrounding air
On the microscopic level, explain the concept of heat transfer when a hand is placed in water that is 113F.
Water has higher energy in its particles that collide with particles in the hand and give them higher temperature
In the figure above, what happens to the ice at 100C?
Water turns into steam--temperature stops rising
Which of two rods has the greatest thermal conductivity?
a rod with electrons that are freer to mvoe from atom to atom than are the electrons another rod
Why is air an effective thermal insulator for the body?
air is a poor thermal conductor
Energy transferred as heat always moves from an object ________
at high temperature to an object at low temperature
If two small beakers of water, one at 70C and one at 80C, are emptied into a large beaker, what is the final temperature of the water?
between 70C and 80C
Which of the following terms describes a transfer of energy?
heat
High temperature is related to
high kinetic energy
A substance's temperature increases as a direct result of
kinetic energy being added to the particles of the substance
Which of the following is a substance in which the temperature and pressure remain constant while the substance experiences an inward transfer of energy?
substance undergoing a change of state
Which of the following is proportional to the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules?
temperature
