Ch 14 Multiple Choice

In order for an antigenic molecule to be a complete antigen it must A. be a large molecule B. be immunogenic and reactive C. contain a hapten and a small organic molecule D. be subject to antibody activity

be immunogenic and reactive

In active artificial immunity the A. immune system attacks normal body cells B. body is deliberately exposed to an antigen C. body receives antibodies produced by another person D. body receives antibodies produced by another animal

body is deliberately exposed to an antigen

Normal lymphocyte production are maintained through lymphpoiesis in the A. bone marrow and lymphatic tissues B. lymph in the lymphatic tissues C. blood and the lymph D. spleen and liver

bone marrow and lymphatic tissue

T cells are involved with __?__ and __?__ attack pathogens A. cell-mediated responses; directly B. cell-mediated responses; indirectly C. humoral responses; directly D. humoral responses; indirectly

cell-mediated responses; directly

T-cell activation leads to the formation of cytotoxic T cells and memory T cells that provide A. humoral immunity B. cellular immunity C. phagocytosis and immunological surveillance D. stimulation of inflammation and fever

cellular immunity

Of the following selections, the one which IS NOT a physical barrier is A. hair B. complement C. epithelium D. secretions

complement

Suppressor T cells act to A. suppress antigens B. limit the degree of memory in memory T cells C. limit antigen proliferation D. depress the responses of other T cells and B cells

depress the responses of other T cells and B cells

The two major ways the body "carries out" the immune response are A. phagocytosis and inflammation B. immunological surveillance and fever C. direct attack by T cells and circulating antibodies D. physical barriers and complement

direct attack by T cells and circulating antibodies

Autoantibodies A. are produced by activated T cells B. are produced during an allergic reaction C. function against the body's normal antigens D. are produced during immunodeficiency diseases

function against the body's normal antigens

Of the following selections, the one that includes only NONspecific defenses is A. T and B cell activation, complement, inflammation, phagocytosis B. Hair, skin, mucous membranes, antibodies C. Hair, skin, complement, inflammation, phagocytosis D. Antigens, antibodies, complement, macrophages

hair, skin, complement, inflammation, phagocytosis

Small organic molecules that are not antigens by themselves

haptens

Lymphocytes that assist in the regulation and coordination of the immune response are A. Plasma cells B. helper T and suppressor T cells C. B cells D. NK and B cells

helper T and suppressor T cells

Cells that help to regulate the immune response are A. B cells B. helper T cells C. plasma cells D. cytotoxic T cells

helper T cells

The cells responsible for the production of circulating antibodies are A. NK cells B. plasma cells C. helper T cells D. cytotoxic T cells

helper T cells

With age, B cells become less active due to a reduced number of A. antibodies B. cytotoxic T cells C. helper T cells D. plasma cells

helper T cells

B cells are involved with __?__ and create a chemical attack on __?__ A. cell-mediated responses;antigens B. cell-mediated responses; pathogens C. humoral responses; antibodies D. humoral responses; antigens

humoral responses; antigens

When the immune system fails to develop normally or the immune response is blocked in some way, the condition is called an A. allergy B. inflammation C. immunodeficiency disease D. autoimmune disorder

immunodeficiency disease

The ability to demonstrate an immune response upon exposure to an antigen

immunological competence

NK (natural killer) cells sensitive to the presence of abnormal cell membranes are primarily involved with A. defenses against specific threats B. complex and time-consuming defense mechanisms C. phagocytic activity for defense D. immunological surveillance

immunological surveillance

The protein that interferes with the replication of viruses is A. complement proteins B. heparin C. interferon D. pyrogens

interferon

The structures in the lymphatic system which act as a "way station" for cancer cells

lymph nodes

The major components of the lymphatic system include A. lymph nodes, lymph, lymphocytes B. spleen, thymus, tonsils C. thoracic duct, right lymphatic duct, lymph nodes D. lymphatic vessels, lymph, lymphatic organs

lymphatic vessels, lymph, lymphatic organs

The white pulp of the spleen is composed primarily of A. Lymphocytes B. neutrophils C. red blood cells D. platelets

lymphocytes

The red pulp of the spleen contains large numbers of A. RBCs B. macrophages C. neutrophils D. antibodies

macrophages

When the immune "recognition" system malfuctions, activated B cells begin to A. manufacture antibodies against other cells and tissues B. activate cytotoxic T killer cells C. secrete lymphotoxins to destroy foreign antigens D. recall memory T cells to initiate the proper response

manufacture antibodies against other cells and tissues

Protection of superficial lymph nodes and the lymphatic vessels in the abdominopelvic cavity is provided by the __?__ system.

muscular

Immunity that results from antibodies that pass the placenta from mother to fetus is called A. active artificial B. autoimmunity C. passive natural D. active natural

passive natural

The first line of cellular defense against pathogens is A. T cells B. B cells C. phagocytes D. NK cells

phagocytes

The primary function of the lymphatic system is A. transporting of nutrients and oxygen to tissues B. removal of CO2 and waste products from tissues C. regulation of temp., fluid, electrolytes, and pH balance D. production, maintenance, and distribution of lymphocytes

production, maintenance, and distribution of lymphocytes

The lymphatic system provides IgA for secretion by epithelial glands in the __?__ system

reproductive

The tonsils protect against infection at the entrance to the __?__ tract and the __?__ system.

respiratory & digestive

Lymphocytes and other cells involved in the immune response are produced and stored in the __?__ system.

skeletal

The four general characteristics of specific defenses include A. specificity, versatility, memory and tolerance B. innate, active, acquired, passive C. accessibility, recognition, compatibility, immunity D. all of the above

specificity, versatility, memory and tolerance

Lymphatic organs found in the lymphatic system include A. thoracic duct, right lymphatic duct, lymph nodes B. lymphatic vessels, tonsils, lymph nodes C. spleen, thymus, lymph vessels D. all of the above

spleen, thymus, lymph vessels

The antigenic determinant site is the certain portion of the antigens exposed surface where A. the foreign "body" attacks B. phagocytosis occurs C. the antibody attacks D. the immune surveillance system is activated

the antibody attacks

Most of the lymph returns to the venous circulation by the way of

thoracic duct

Stem cells that will form T cells are modified in the A. bone marrow B. spleen C. liver D. thymus

thymus

The specificity of an antibody is determined by the A. fixed segment B. size of the antibodies C. antigenic determinants D. variable region

variable region

Anatomically, lymph vessels resemble A. arterioles B. veins C. elastic arteries D. the vena cava

veins

Of the selections, the one which IS NOT a part of the non-specific immunity strategy is A. B cells B. fever C. interferon D. macrophages

B cells

The type(s) of lymphocytes that produce antibodies are A. NK cells B. T cells C. B cells D. all of these

B cells

T/F. The aging process is accompanied by more cytotoxic T cells responding to infections.

False

T/F. The first exposure to an antigen produces the highest number of circulatory antibodies.

False

T/F. The primary response produces more antibodies than the secondary response.

False

T/F. B cells, NK cells, and T cells can leave the circulatory system to enter the body tissues to "fight" invaders.

True

T/F. B cells, helper T cells, and cytotoxic T cells all have reduced activity with age.

True

T/F. Memory B cells will differentiate into plasma cells if they are exposed to the same antigen a second time.

True

T/F: The lymphatic system provides specific defenses against infection and immune surveillance against cancer for all body systems.

True

An active antibody is shaped like a(n) A. T B. Y C. A D. B

Y

When an antigen appears, the immune response begins with the A. presence of immunoglobulins in body fluids B. release of endogenous pyrogens C. activation of the complement system D. activation of specific T cells and B cells

activation of specific T cells and B cells

The most important antibody action(s) in the body is/are A. alterations in the cell membrane to increase phagocytosis B. to attract macrophages and neutrophils to the infected areas C. activation of the complement systems D. cell lysis and digestion of the cell membrane

activation of the complement systems

Immunity resulting from natural exposure to an antigen in the environment is called A. passive natural B. active natural C. autoimmunity D. innate

active natural

The binding of an antigen to an antibody can result in A. neutralization of the antigen B. agglutination or precipitation C. complement activation D. all are correct

all are correct

With advancing age the immune system becomes A. increasingly susceptible to viral infections B. increasingly susceptible to bacterial infections C. less effective at combating disease D. all are correct

all are correct

The lymphatic system A. helps maintain normal blood B. fights infections C. eliminates variations in the composition of interstitial fluid D. all of the above

all of the above

Inappropriate or excessive immune responses to antigen are A. autoimmune diseases B. allergies C. immunodeficiency diseases D. the result of stress

allergies

A specific defense mechanism is always activated by A. inflammation B. an antibody C. fever D. an antigen

an antigen

When an immune response mistakenly targets normal body cells and tissues, the result is A. immune system failure B. the development of an allergy C. depression of the inflammatory response D. an autoimmune disorder

an autoimmune system failure