ch 17 Bio
the figure above shows a simple metallic pathway. according to beadle and Tatum's hypothesis, how many genes are necessary for this pathway?
2
a possible sequence of nucleotides in template strand of DNA that would code for the polypeptide sequence phe-leu-val would be
3' AAA-GAA-TAA-CAA 5'
a particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is 5' AGT 3'. the corresponding codon for the mRNA transcribed is
3' UCA 5'
which components of the previous molecule will also be found in mRNA in the cytosol?
5' UTR E1E2E3E4 UTR 3'
which of the following does not occur in prokaryotic gene expression. but does occur in eukaryotic gene expression
A cap is added to the 5' end of the mRNA
refer to the figure above. what would the anticodon be for a tRNA that transports phenylalanine to ribosome?
AAA
Codons are three-base sequences that specify the addition of a single amino acid. how do eukaryotic codons and prokaryotic codons compare?
Codons are a nearly universal language among organisms
in the process of transcription
RNA is synthesized
in eukaryotes there are several different types of RNA polymerase. which type is involved in transcription of mRNA for global protein?
RNA polyermase II
which of the following statements best describes the termination of transcription in prokaryotes?
RNA polymerase transcribe through the terminator sequence, causing the polymerase to separate from the DNA and please the transcript
the genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. from this, one can logically assume which of the following?
a gene from an organisms can theoretically be expressed by any other organism
which of the following contradicts the one-gene, one-enzyme hypothesis?
a single antibody gene can code for different related proteins, depending on the splicing that takes place post-transcriptionally
a ribozyme is
an RNA with catalytic activity
Alternative RNA splicing
can allow the production of proteins of different sizes and functions from a single mRNA
which of the following occurs in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes?
concurrent transcription and translation
Garrod hypothesized that "inborn errors of metabolism" such as alkaptonuria occur because
genes dictate the production of specific enzymes, and affected individuals have genetic defects that cause them to lack certain enzymes
which of the following best describes the significance of the TATA box in eukaryotic promoters?
it is the recognition site for a specific transcription factor
A primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is ___ the functional mRNA, while a primary transcript in a prokaryotic cell is __ the functional mRNA
larger than; the same size as
according to the central dogma, what molecule should go in the blank? DNA-->______---> Proteins
mRNA
codons are part of the molecular structure of
mRNA
once researchers identified DNA as the unit of inheritance, they asked how information was transferred from the DNA in the nucleus to the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. what is the mechanism of information transfer in eukaryotes.
messenger RNA is transcribed from a single gene and transfers information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm there protein synthesis takes place.
what amino acid sequence will be generated, based on the following mRNA codon sequence? 5' AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG 3'
met-ser-ser-leu-ser-leu
what does it mean when we say the genetic code is redundant?
more than one codon can specify the addition of the same amino acids
refer to the metabolic pathway illustrated above. if A, B and C are all required for growth, a strain that is mutant for the gene-encoding enzyme A would be able to grow on medium supplemented with ____.
nutrient B only
refer to the metabolic pathway illustrated above. if A, B and C are all required for growth, a strain mutant for the gene-encoding enzyme B would be able to grow on medium supplemented with
nutrient C only
which of the following statements about RNA processing is true?
ribozymes may function in RNA splicing
transcription in eukaryotes requires which of the following in addition to RNA polymerase?
several transcription factor
in an experimental situation, a student researcher inserts an mRNA molecule into a eukaryotic cell after she has removed its 5' cap and poly A tail. which of the following would you expect her to find?
the molecule is digested by enzymes because it is not protected at the 5' end
which of the following is directly related to a single amino acid?
the three-base sequence of mRNA
in the structural organization of many eukaryotic genes, individuals eons may be related to which of the following?
the various domains of the polypeptide product
