Ch 2 Energy & Matter
A kilocalorie of heat is required to raise the temperature of
100 g of water by 10 °C.
The dietary calorie(Cal) is equal to
1000 calories.
3.25 kcal is the same amount of energy as
13600 J
650. J is the same amount of energy as
155 cal
A potato contains 20 g of carbohydrate. If carbohydrate has a caloric value of 4 kcal/g how many kcal are obtained from the carbohydrate in the potato?
80 kcal
Which of the following is a property of a solid?
The particles have fixed positions and are very close together.
Which of the following does NOT represent a step on the heating curve of water?
The temperature of steam cannot exceed 100 °C.
On a heating curve a plateau corresponds to
a change of state.
The phrase "ability to do work" is a definition of
energy.
When a liquid boils the process by which the molecules leave its surface is called ________.
evaporation
The formation of a gas resulting from the escape of high-energy particles from the surface of a liquid is known as
evaporation.
Which of the following is a physical property of both liquids and gases?
has randomly arranged particles
The amount of heat necessary for one gram of a substance to change from the solid state to the liquid state is the ________.
heat of fusion
The energy associated with the motion of particles in a substance is called
heat.
The energy of motion is referred to as
kinetic energy.
The heat of fusion is the amount of heat necessary to change one gram of a substance from the solid to the ________ state.
liquid
Global warming is believed to result from all of the following except
movement of the earth closer to the sun.
Which one of the following properties describes a liquid?
particles are close together and move randomly
The energy stored in chemical bonds is
potential energy.
Which of the following does NOT involve a change of state?
pouring water into a vacuum-insulated bottle
The specific heat of a substance is the amount of heat needed to
raise the temperature of 1 g of the substance by 1 °C.
An example of kinetic energy is
running water.
The physical state(s) present when a substance is melting is (are)
solid + liquid.
In which of the following would the particles move most rapidly?
steam at 110 °C
The change of state from solid to gas is termed ________.
sublimation
When a solid is converted directly to a gas the change of state is called
sublimation.
A heating curve illustrates
the changes in the temperature and physical state of a substance as it is heated.
Absolute zero is
the coldest temperature possible.
Which of the following quantities is NOT required to calculate the amount of heat energy required to heat water from 25 °C to 55 °C?
the heat of vaporization for water
A burn from steam at 100 °C is expected to be more severe than a burn from boiling water at 100 °C because
the steam will give off a large amount of heat as it condenses.
In a gas, the distance between the particles is
very large relative to the size of the molecules.
Raising the temperature of 10.0 g of water from 10.0 °C to 20.0 °C requires 100.0 cal of energy while raising the temperature of 10.0 g of aluminum from 10.0 °C to 20.0 °C requires 22 cal. More calories are required to heat the water because
water has a larger specific heat than aluminum.
Which of the following is an example of potential energy?
water stored in a reservoir
