Ch. 20 Lymphatic System

Which lymphatic structure may also be a site of erythrocyte production in the fetus? A. Appendix B. Spleen C. Thymus D. Peyer's patches E. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Spleen

Which of these lymphoid organs is part of a collection of tissues called the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT) and removes pathogens entering the pharynx (throat)? A B C D

A The tonsils function to protect the throat and surrounding tissues from infection via the mouth and nose.

Match the following structure with its function: Lymph nodes. A. Distinct bean-shaped structures that "filter" lymph fluid as it is moved toward the circulatory system B. Collect lymph fluid draining from lymphatic capillaries C. Provide a proliferation site for lymphocytes and furnishes surveillance vantage point for lymphocytes and macrophages D. Largest vessels; carry lymph fluid to subclavian veins E. Collect fluid that leaks from blood capillaries into tissue fluid F. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. Distinct bean-shaped structures that "filter" lymph fluid as it is moved toward the circulatory system

Identify the lymphatic system structures indicated by "E." A. Inguinal nodes B. Thoracic duct C. Axillary nodes D. Cisterna chyli E. Cervical nodes F. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. Inguinal nodes

Which statement below describes the lymphatic system's role in relation to the cardiovascular system? A. It maintains blood volume and, hence, pressure. B. It helps regulate cardiac activity. C. It is the major source for distribution of all hormones. D. It serves as a pathway for distribution of neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. E. It is the primary source for regulation of blood pressure. F. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. It maintains blood volume and, hence, pressure.

Match the lymphatic structure with the correct characteristic: Thoracic duct. A. Receives lymph from all but the right upper limb and right side of the head and thorax B. Houses lymphatic cells and filters lymph C. Empties into the right subclavian vein D. Directly drains the left and right lumbar regions E. Smaller of the two lymphatic ducts F. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. Receives lymph from all but the right upper limb and right side of the head and thorax

What blood vessels serve the spleen? A. Splenic artery; splenic vein B. Splenic artery; gastroduodenal vein C. Gastric artery; splenic vein D. Splenic artery; hepatic portal vein E. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. Splenic artery; splenic vein

The bubonic plaque was named for what condition? A. Swollen lymph nodes B. Blocked capillaries C. The coloration of the face when experiencing prominent infections D. Blood clotting that resulted with the disease E. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. Swollen lymph nodes

Which of the following features is not common to both lymphatic vessels and veins? A. Transport of chyle B. Anatomical distributions of each vary between individuals C. A wall made of three tunic layers D. The presence of valves E. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. Transport of chyle

Lymphangitis is caused by ______. A. an infection B. inflammation of the vasa vasorum C. increased formation of interstitial fluid from blood flowing through the congested vasa vasorum D. All of the listed responses are correct.

A. an infection The suffix -itis indicates an infection of the tissue or structure within the root word. In this case, it is an infection of the lymph vessels.

Which of the following is not a function of lymphatic vessels? A. Peyer's patches B. Appendix C. Spleen D. Thymus E. Tonsils F. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Appendix

Identify the lymphatic system structure indicated by "B." A. Cervical nodes B. Cisterna chyli C. Inguinal nodes D. Thoracic duct E. Axillary nodes F. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Cisterna chyli

Match the following structure with its function: Lymphatic ducts. A. Weave between the tissue cells and blood capillaries B. Largest vessels; carry lymph fluid to subclavian veins C. Distinct bean-shaped structures that "filter" lymph fluid as it is moved toward the circulatory system D. Provide a proliferation site for lymphocytes and furnishes surveillance vantage point for lymphocytes and macrophages E. Collect lymph fluid draining from lymphatic capillaries F. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Largest vessels; carry lymph fluid to subclavian veins

Which of the following is not a characteristic of lymph nodes? A. Lymph nodes filter lymph. B. Lymph nodes produce lymph. C. Lymph nodes have a capsule. D. Lymph nodes activate the immune system. E. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Lymph nodes produce lymph.

Identify the lymphoid organ indicated by "C." A. Peyer's patches B. Spleen C. Tonsils D. Thymus E. Appendix F. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Spleen

27-Year-Old Male with a Crushed HandAndrew Hutchinson, 27, had surgery to repair his right hand after it was crushed by his garage door. The routine complete blood count (CBC) performed on admission revealed both a dangerously low total leukocyte count and a low proportion of lymphocytes. One day postsurgery, he complains of pain in his injured right ring finger. When examined, the affected finger and the dorsum of the right hand are red, warm, and edematous, and red streaks radiate proximally on his right forearm. High doses of antibiotics are prescribed, and a sling is applied to the affected arm. Nurses are instructed to wear gloves and gown for Andrew's protection (called reverse isolation) when tending to him. Which of the statements best explains the presence of red streaks on Andrew's forearm? A. The major arteries of his forearm are inflamed. B. The lymphatic vessels of his forearm are inflamed. C. The lymphatic vessels of his forearm are dilated. D. The major arteries of his forearm are dilated.

B. The lymphatic vessels of his forearm are inflamed. When the lymphatic vessels are inflamed, the blood vessels supplying them dilate and become congested with blood, making them visible through the skin. This condition is called lymphangitis.

Which of the following is a role of lymph nodes? A. They produce red blood cells. B. They filter lymph. C. They return lymph to circulation. D. They produce lymph.

B. They filter lymph. Lymph nodes are rich with macrophages, B cells, and T cells; therefore, the lymph nodes are primed for activating the immune system. Structurally, lymph nodes have a capsule and medullary chords and sinuses that serve to filter lymph fluid.

Identify the lymphoid organs indicated by "A." A. Thymus B. Tonsils C. Peyer's patches D. Appendix E. Spleen F. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Tonsils

Which lymphoid organ extracts aged and defective blood cells and platelets from the blood in addition to storing some of the breakdown products for later reuse? A B C D

C The spleen harbors macrophages that ingest and recycle materials from erythrocytes that have aged or become damaged.

Match the following with the appropriate description: Lymphoid tissue. A. Same three tunics as veins; the largest of lymph vessels B. Bean-shaped structure surrounded by a dense fibrous capsule with fibrous strands that divide it into compartments C. A type of loose connective tissue called reticular connective tissue; dominates all lymphoid organs except the thymus D. Begin as blind-ended tubes that weave between tissue cells and blood capillaries in loose connective tissues; the smallest vessels E. Same three tunics as veins; the second-smallest lymph vessels F. I DON'T KNOW YET

C. A type of loose connective tissue called reticular connective tissue; dominates all lymphoid organs except the thymus

Which of the following lists the correct order of lymph flow through the lymph node? A. Efferent vessel, subcapsular sinus, medullary sinuses, afferent vessel B. Subcapsular sinus, efferent vessel, afferent vessel, medullary sinuses C. Afferent vessel, subcapsular sinus, medullary sinuses, efferent vessel D. Medullary sinuses, efferent vessel, afferent vessel, subcapsular sinus E. I DON'T KNOW YET

C. Afferent vessel, subcapsular sinus, medullary sinuses, efferent vessel

Match the following structure with its function: Lymphatic collecting vessels. A. Largest vessels; carry lymph fluid to subclavian veins B. The smallest lymphatic vessels that collect fluid that leaks from blood capillaries into tissue fluid C. Collect lymph fluid draining from lymphatic capillaries D. Provide a proliferation site for lymphocytes and furnishes surveillance vantage point for lymphocytes and macrophages E. Distinct bean-shaped structures that "filter" lymph fluid as it is moved toward the circulatory system F. I DON'T KNOW YET

C. Collect lymph fluid draining from lymphatic capillaries

Your patient has had her spleen removed after it was ruptured in a motorcycle accident. Which of the following is your greatest concern for her future health status? A. Decreased platelet count (thrombocytopenia) B. Decreased hematocrit C. Infection D. Failure of T lymphocytes to recognize self antigens

C. Infection After splenectomy, your patient has a markedly increased risk of overwhelming bacterial infection. You will help to minimize the risk by educating her and by insuring that she receives specific immunizations recommended for patients after splenectomy.

Which of the following is not a function of lymphatic vessels? A. Transportation of absorbed fat from the intestines to the blood B. The return of leaked proteins to the blood C. the return of tissue fluid to the bloodstream D. Delivery of nutrients to tissues E. I DON'T KNOW YET

D. Delivery of nutrients to tissues

Match the lymphatic structure with the correct characteristic: Right lymphatic duct. A. Directly drains the left and right lumbar regions B. Larger of the two lymphatic ducts C. Empties into the left subclavian vein D. Drains right side of the head, upper limb, and neck region E. Houses lymphatic cells and filters lymph F. I DON'T KNOW YET

D. Drains right side of the head, upper limb, and neck region

Which statement correctly describes the origin of lymph fluid? A. Lymph is collected from fluid that accumulates in veins as blood slowly circulates back toward the heart. B. Lymph is fluid collected from arteriovenous anastomoses C. Lymph is secreted into the lymph vessels. D. Lymph is excess tissue fluid formed from plasma that has leaked from capillaries

D. Lymph is excess tissue fluid formed from plasma that has leaked from capillaries As blood circulates through the body, nutrients, wastes, and gases are exchanged between the blood and the interstitial fluid. The hydrostatic and colloid osmotic pressures operating at capillary beds force fluid (plasma) out of the blood at the arterial ends of the beds and cause most of it to be reabsorbed at the venous ends. The fluid that remains behind in the tissue spaces, as much as 3 L daily, becomes part of the interstitial fluid. The lymphatic vessels collect this excess interstitial fluid (now called lymph) and return it to the bloodstream.

What part of the lymphatic system is most closely associated with capillary beds? A. Lymph ducts B. Lymph nodes C. Lymphatic trunks D. Lymphatic capillaries E. I DON'T KNOW YET

D. Lymphatic capillaries

Which of the following are located in the spleen's white pulp? A. Capsules B. Macrophages C. Monocytes D. Lymphocytes E. Blood vessels F. I DON'T KNOW YE

D. Lymphocytes

Select the correct statement about lymphoid tissue. A. T lymphocytes act by ingesting foreign substances. B. Lymphoid macrophages secrete antibodies into the blood. C. Once a lymphocyte enters the lymphoid tissue, it resides there permanently. D. Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue.

D. Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue.

Match the following with the appropriate description: Collecting lymphatic vessels. A. A type of loose connective tissue called reticular connective tissue; dominates all lymphoid organs except the thymus B. Begin as blind-ended tubes that weave between tissue cells and blood capillaries in loose connective tissues; the smallest vessels C. Bean-shaped structure surrounded by a dense fibrous capsule with fibrous strands that divide it into compartments D. Same three tunics as veins; the second-smallest lymph vessels E. I DON'T KNOW YET

D. Same three tunics as veins; the second-smallest lymph vessels

Match the following term with its description and/or location: Spleen. A. Located in the inferior neck and extends into the superior thorax B. Isolated clusters of lymph follicles located mostly in the wall of the appendix C. Small lymphoid tissues found in digestive and respiratory tracts D. Soft, blood-rich organ about the size of a fist (largest lymphoid organ) E. Lymphoid organs; found around the entrance to the pharynx F. I DON'T KNOW YET

D. Soft, blood-rich organ about the size of a fist (largest lymphoid organ)

In addition to its lymphoid function, this organ holds a reservoir of platelets. A. Thymus B. Left lymphatic duct C. Cisterna chyli D. Spleen E. Tonsil F. I DON'T KNOW YET

D. Spleen

Which of the following is a common way to distinguish an infection from cancerous growth in the lymph nodes? A. While swelling due to infection is painful, swelling due to cancer is extrememly painful. B. The size of the swelling of lymph nodes. C. There is not a rule-of-thumb to distinguish the two. D. Swelling due to cancer is often painless. E. I DON'T KNOW YET

D. Swelling due to cancer is often painless.

What is the main function of the lymphatic system? A. The lymphatic system produces high fluid pressures to assist in lymph motion. B. The lymphatic system transports blood and lymph throughout the body. C. The lymphatic system makes blood cells through a process known as hematopoiesis. D. The lymphatic system returns leaked fluid and plasma proteins that escape from the bloodstream to the blood.

D. The lymphatic system returns leaked fluid and plasma proteins that escape from the bloodstream to the blood. Hydrostatic and osmotic pressures in capillary beds combine in such a way that some fluid is lost by capillaries that cannot be regained by them. These fluids return to venous circulation through the lymphatic system.

Which statement is true about lymph nodes? A. There are over 10,000 located throughout the body. B. They contain dense collections of all five leukocyte types. C. There is a dense collection located in the feet and hands. D. They have fewer efferent vessels than afferent vessels. E. They may reach the size of a golf ball. F. I DON'T KNOW YET

D. They have fewer efferent vessels than afferent vessels.

Which statement is true of the thoracic duct? A. It drains lymph only from the arms. B. It forms from the merging of collecting vessels on the right side of the body. C. It drains the lymph from the right head, neck, shoulder, arm, and upper right chest. D. It forms from the merging of collecting vessels from the left upper limb and neck. E. It drains the lymph from the entire left side of the body and also the right abdomen and leg. F. I DON'T KNOW YET

E. It drains the lymph from the entire left side of the body and also the right abdomen and leg.

Identify the lymph node structure(s) indicated by "B." A. Afferent lymphatic vessels B. Trabeculae C. Germinal center D. Medullary sinus E. Lymphoid follicle F. Efferent lymphatic vessels G. I DON'T KNOW YET

E. Lymphoid follicle

Identify the lymph node structure(s) indicated by "D." A. Germinal center B. Afferent lymphatic vessel C. Trabeculae D. Lymphoid follicle E. Medullary sinus F. I DON'T KNOW YET

E. Medullary sinus

Lymph vessels do NOT transport ________. A. leaked plasma proteins B. lymphocytes C. excess tissue fluid D. dietary fats E. erythrocytes

E. erythrocytes

Largest lymphatic organ.

Spleen

The lymphoid tissue's structural framework is composed of __________. A. dense, regular connective tissue B. reticular connective tissue C. adipose tissue D. squamous epithelium E. dense, irregular connective tissue F. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. reticular connective tissue

Which lymphoid organ atrophies as we age? A. spleen B. thymus C. tonsils D. appendix

B. thymus

The thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does not DIRECTLY fight antigens. TRUE OR FALSE?

TRUE

In addition to providing a site for lymphocyte prolieration and immunne surveillance, the speen also functions to ___________. A. provide a site for B cell maturation B. cleanse the blood C. protect against pathogens entering the pharynx D. provide a site for T cell maturation E. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. cleanse the blood

Match the following area of a lymph node with its description: Subcapsular sinus. A. A large, baglike structure leading into a number of small sinuses B. Vessels leading into lymph node C. The indented region on the concave side of the node leading into the efferent vessels D. Vessels leaving the lymph node E. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. A large, baglike structure leading into a number of small sinuses

Match the following term to its description: Dendritic cell. A. Captures antigens and brings them back to lymph nodes B. Phagocytic cell C. Produces antibodies D. Fibroblast-like cell that produces the reticular fiber stroma E. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. Captures antigens and brings them back to lymph nodes

Which of the following vessels transport fluid back into the blood that leaks from the vascular system? A. Lymphatics B. Blood capillaries C. Sinusoids D. Veins E. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. Lymphatics

Which of the following is not a role of the spleen? A. Serves as a site of T cell maturation B. Serves as an immune system surveillance organ C. Stores platelets D. Breaks down erythrocytes E. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. Serves as a site of T cell maturation

A patient's deep hand laceration was sutured at your clinic yesterday. When you make a follow-up call today, the patient reports "some red streaks on my forearm." Why are you concerned? A. The red streaks suggest lymphangitis, which occurs when the blood vessels that supply inflamed lymphatic vessels (vasa vasorum) become congested with blood. You are concerned that the patient's wound is infected by bacteria. B. Your patient has not been moving upper extremity because of pain, and the veins in his forearm are congested. C. The red streaks suggest bleeding into the surrounding tissue from a small vessel that was disrupted at the time of injury. D. The red streaks suggest that the lymphatic vessels have been disrupted and are leaking red blood cells into the tissue.

A. The red streaks suggest lymphangitis, which occurs when the blood vessels that supply inflamed lymphatic vessels (vasa vasorum) become congested with blood. You are concerned that the patient's wound is infected by bacteria. This patient should return to the clinic for further evaluation and treatment.

27-Year-Old Male with a Crushed HandAndrew Hutchinson, 27, had surgery to repair his right hand after it was crushed by his garage door. The routine complete blood count (CBC) performed on admission revealed both a dangerously low total leukocyte count and a low proportion of lymphocytes. One day postsurgery, he complains of pain in his injured right ring finger. When examined, the affected finger and the dorsum of the right hand are red, warm, and edematous, and red streaks radiate proximally on his right forearm. High doses of antibiotics are prescribed, and a sling is applied to the affected arm. Nurses are instructed to wear gloves and gown for Andrew's protection (called reverse isolation) when tending to him. The day after Andrew's surgery, the lymph nodes in his right armpit become enlarged and tender. This was most likely caused by which of the following? A. This is due to infection of his lymph nodes by bacteria. B. This is due to an infiltration of his lymph nodes by cancer cells. C. His low lymphocyte count has triggered lymphocyte proliferation in his right armpit lymph nodes. D. This is due to an allergic reaction to his antibiotics.

A. This is due to infection of his lymph nodes by bacteria. This is likely given Andrew's ongoing infection in the area drained by these lymph nodes.

Identify the lymphatic system structure indicated by "A." A. Thoracic duct B. Cervical nodes C. Axillary nodes D. Inguinal nodes E. Cisterna chyli F. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. Thoracic duct

Identify the lymphoid organ indicated by "B." A. Thymus B. Peyer's patches C. Spleen D. Appendix E. Tonsils F. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. Thymus

Identify the lymph node structures indicated by "E." A. Trabeculae B. Germinal centers C. Afferent lymphatic vessels D. Efferent lymphatic vessels E. Lymphoid follicles F. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. Trabeculae

A sentinel node is the first lymph node __________. A. that receives lymph drainage from a body area suspected of cancer B. that contains mature lymphocytes C. to encounter an antigen D. to produce an antibody in an immune reaction E. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. that receives lymph drainage from a body area suspected of cancer

What anatomical area(s) is/are protected by the tubal tonsils? A. the passage from the pharynx to the middle ear B. the nasal passages C. the esophagus D. the trachea

A. the passage from the pharynx to the middle ear The tubal tonsils surround the passages (auditory tubes) from the pharynx to the middle ear. They are used to equalize pressure behind the tympanic membrane.

Areas of lymphocytes suspended by reticular fibers in the spleen are known as __________. A. white pulp B. lymph sinuses C. medullary cords D. red pulp E. I DON'T KNOW YET

A. white pulp

Match the following structure with its function: Lymphatic capillaries. A. Largest vessels; carry lymph fluid to subclavian veins B. Smallest lymphatic vessels that collect tissue fluid C. Collect lymph fluid draining from lymphatic vessels D. Distinct bean-shaped structures that "filter" lymph fluid as it is moved toward the circulatory system E. Provide a proliferation site for lymphocytes and furnishes surveillance vantage point for lymphocytes and macrophages F. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Smallest lymphatic vessels that collect tissue fluid

Identify the lymph node structure(s) indicated by "A." A. Germinal center B. Afferent lymphatic vessels C. Lymphoid follicle D. Efferent lymphatic vessels E. Trabeculae F. Medullary sinus G. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Afferent lymphatic vessels

Which sequence best describes the flow of lymph through the lymphatic system? A. Capillaries, trunks, vessels, ducts B. Capillaries, vessels, trunks, ducts C. Ducts, vessels, trunks, capillaries D. Trunks, capillaries, vessels, ducts E. Ducts, trunks, capillaries, vessels F. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Capillaries, vessels, trunks, ducts

Match the following term to its description: Reticular cell. A. Phagocytic cell B. Fibroblast-like cell that produces the reticular fiber stroma C. Produces antibodies D. Captures antigens and brings them back to lymph nodes E. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Fibroblast-like cell that produces the reticular fiber stroma

Identify the lymph node structure(s) indicated by "C." A. Efferent lymphatic vessel B. Germinal center C. Medullary sinus D. Lymphoid follicle E. Afferent lymphatic vessel F. Trabeculae G. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Germinal center

Tumors that block the lymphatics or lymphatics are removed during cancer surgery may result in what condition? A. Lymphoma B. Lymphedema C. Splenomegaly D. Lymphangitis E. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Lymphedema

Match the following area of a lymph node with its description: A.Efferent lymphatic vessels. B. Vessels leaving the lymph node C. Vessels leading into lymph node D. A large, baglike structure leading into a number of small sinuses E. The indented region on the concave side of the node leading into the efferent vessels F. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Vessels leaving the lymph node

Identify the lymphoid organs indicated by "D." A. Thymus B. Peyer's patches C. Appendix D. Spleen E. Tonsils F. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Peyer's patches

Match the following with the appropriate description: Collecting lymphatic vessels. A. Same three tunics as veins; the largest of lymph vessels B. Same three tunics as veins; the second-smallest lymph vessels C. A type of loose connective tissue called reticular connective tissue; dominates all lymphoid organs except the thymus D. Begin as blind-ended tubes that weave between tissue cells and blood capillaries in loose connective tissues; the smallest vessels E. Bean-shaped structure surrounded by a dense fibrous capsule with fibrous strands that divide it into compartments F. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Same three tunics as veins; the second-smallest lymph vessels

Match the following area of a lymph node with its description: Afferent lymphatic vessels. A. Vessels leaving the lymph node B. Vessels leading into lymph nodes C. The indented region on the concave side of the node leading into the efferent vessels D. A large, baglike structure leading into a number of small sinuses E. I DON'T KNOW YET

B. Vessels leading into lymph nodes

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of lymphatic vessels? A. A system that collects fluid from arteries and veins and takes it into lymphatic Arteries to be pumped back to the blood circulation B. A system that carries lymph through lymphatic arteries, lymphatic capillaries, and lymphatic veins C. A one-way system of vessels beginning with blind-ended lymphatic capillaries D. A system of large vessels designed to fill quickly with lymph as the heart pushes blood through the coronary sinus E. A system that pumps lymph through lymphatic ventricles to the lymphatic capillaries and through lymph veins back to the atria F. I DON'T KNOW YET

C. A one-way system of vessels beginning with blind-ended lymphatic capillaries

Identify the lymphatic system structures indicated by "D." A. Cisterna chyli B. Inguinal nodes C. Axillary nodes D. Thoracic duct E. Cervical nodes F. I DON'T KNOW YET

C. Axillary nodes

Which of the following is the most abundant cell type found in the germinal center in a lymph node? A. Macrophages B. T lymphoctyes C. B lymphocytes D. Reticular cells E. I DON'T KNOW YET

C. B lymphocytes

Match the lymphatic structure with the correct characteristic: Lymphatic capillary. A. Drains lymph from specific body areas B. Larger of the two lymphatic ducts receiving lymph from all but the right head and neck region C. Smallest lymphatic vessel that collects excess tissue fluid D. Houses lymphatic cells and filters lymph E. Drains right head and neck region F. I DON'T KNOW YET

C. Smallest lymphatic vessel that collects excess tissue fluid

Select the lymphoid organ that cleanses the lymph. A. MALT B. Tonsils C. Lymph nodes D. Peyer's patches E. Spleen F. I DON'T KNOW YET

C. Lymph nodes

How are lymphatic capillaries different from blood capillaries? A. Lymphatic capillaries have fewer tunics than blood capillaries. B. Lymphatic capillaries have thicker walls than do blood capillaries. C. Lymphatic capillaries have endothelial flap valves, but blood capillaries do not. D. Lymphatic capillaries do not form branches; blood capillaries do form branches. E. I DON'T KNOW YET

C. Lymphatic capillaries have endothelial flap valves, but blood capillaries do not.

Match the following area of a lymph node with its description: Hilum. A. Vessels leading into lymph node B. A large, baglike structure leading into a number of small sinuses C. The indented region on the concave side of the node leading into the efferent vessels D. Vessels leaving the lymph node E. I DON'T KNOW YET

C. The indented region on the concave side of the node leading into the efferent vessels

Lymphatic capillaries are NOT found in __________. A. Skeletal muscles B. the small intestine C. bone marrow D. the heart

C. bone marrow Lymphatic vessels are absent from bone marrow and teeth, as well as most of the central nervous system.

Which of the following lymphoid cells trap antigens and transport them to lymph nodes? A. macrophages B. plasma cells C. dendritic cells D. T lymphocytes

C. dendritic cells Dendritic cells assist in the immune response by capturing antigens and delivering them to T cells in the lymph nodes.

Where are Peyer's patches located? A. appendix B. distal portion of the large intestine C. distal portion of the small intestine D. proximal portion of the small intestine

C. distal portion of the small intestine Peyer's patches are large clusters of lymphoid follicles and are located in the wall of the distal portion of the small intestine (the submucosa of the ileum).

Fats absorbed from the small intestine are transported to the bloodstream via ________. A. Peyer's patches B. tonsils C. lacteals D. lymph nodes

C. lacteals

Large lymphatic capillaries in a lymph node spanned by crisscrossing reticular fibers are known as __________. A. medullary cords B. trabeculae C. lymph sinuses D. lymph follicles E. I DON'T KNOW YET

C. lymph sinuses

Within buboes, bacteria are directly attacked by ______. A. dendritic cells B. B cells C. macrophages D. None of the listed responses is correct.

C. macrophages Macrophages are large phagocytic cells (macro = big; phage = to eat). They are capable of directly destroying invading bacteria by engulfing and breaking them down using lysosomal enzymes. Buboes are lymph nodes that are inflamed due to a bacterial infection

Which lymphoid cells produce antibodies? A. macrophages B. dendritic cells C. plasma cells D. reticular cells

C. plasma cells Activated B cells, called plasma cells, are responsible for producing antibodies.

A major function of the lymphatic system is __________. A. distribution of nutrients B gas distribution C. return of tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system D. circulation of blood E. I DON'T KNOW YET

C. return of tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system

Hypoalbuminemia is a medical condition in which blood plasma levels of albumin are abnormally low. One cause of this disorder is the increased movement of plasma albumin into the interstitial space through leaky blood capillaries. How would this condition affect the volume of lymph that is produced? A. There is not enough information to answer this question. B. It would decrease lymph volume. C. There is no effect on lymph volume. D. It would increase lymph volume.

D. It would increase lymph volume.

Lymphangitis presents itself as __________. A. severe localized edema B. tender lymph nodes that are filled with pus C. enlarged tender tonsils D. red lines under the skin that are sensitive to touch E. I DON'T KNOW YET

D. red lines under the skin that are sensitive to touch

Which lymphoid organ(s) serve(s) as the site where T lymphocytes become immunocompetent T cells? A. red bone marrow B. tonsils C. thyroid gland D. thymus gland

D. thymus gland The thymus gland is the site where T lymphocyte precursors mature to become immunocompetent T lymphocytes.

_________________ have many appendages like tree branches, and collect antigens to deliver to lymph nodes for recognition by immune cells.

Dendritic cells

Identify the lymphatic system structures indicated by "C." A. Axillary nodes B. Thoracic duct C. Cisterna chyli D. Inguinal nodes E. Cervical nodes F. I DON'T KNOW YET

E. Cervical nodes

Identify the structure associated with the spleen indicated by "F." A. Trabecula B. White pulp C. Splenic sinusoid D. Splenic cord E.Red pulp F. Central artery G. I DON'T KNOW YET

F. Central artery

Identify the lymph node structures indicated by "F." A. Trabeculae B. Afferent lymphatic vessels C. Lymphoid follicles D. Germinal centers E. Medullary sinuses F. Efferent lymphatic vessels G. I DON'T KNOW YET

F. Efferent lymphatic vessels

Match the condition with the available descriptions: Splenomegaly. A. Tropical disease in which the lymphatics become blocked B. Giant malignant B cells C. A tumor of the lymphoid tissue (may be benign or malignant) D. Any disease of lymph nodes E. Uncontrolled multiplication and metastasis of undifferentiated lymphocytes F. Typically caused by septicemia, mononucleosis, malaria, or leukemia G. I DON'T KNOW YET

F. Typically caused by septicemia, mononucleosis, malaria, or leukemia

Protein-containing fluid within lymphatic vessels.

Lymph

Small organs intimately associated with lymphatic vessels.

Lymph Nodes

The prefix med- means....

Middle

Isolated clusters of lymph follicles found in the wall of the small intestine.

Peyer's Patches

When tissues are inflamed, lymphatic capillaries permit uptake of large particles such as cell debris, pathogens, and cancer cells. TRUE OR FALSE?

True

Stores blood platelets.

Spleen

Receives lymph from most of the body.

Thoracic Duct

Liquefied fat, called ______________ , is carried by lacteals from the small intestine to the blood stream.

chyle

The prefix chyl- means...

juice

The prefix lymph- means...

lymph, lymphatic tissue, lymphocytes

Vessels that collect excess tissue fluid and return it to the blood stream are called _______________.

lymphatics

Both types of lymphocytes are found in the _________________ , which are inward extensions of cortical lymphoid tissue in lymph nodes.

medullary cords

The prefix dendr- means...

resembling a tree