CH 20 THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM & LYMPHOID ORGANS & TISSUE

medullary

Hassall's corpuscles are always found in the lighter-colored ________ regions of the thymus.

lacteals

Highly specialized lymph capillaries called ________ are present in the villi of the intestinal mucosa.

lower extremities

Large clusters of lymph nodes occur in all of the following locations except the

digestive organs

Lymph capillaries are absent in all but which of the following? A) bones and teeth B) bone marrow C) CNS D) digestive organs

efferent lymphatic vessels

Lymph leaves a lymph node via

the first node to receive lymph from an area suspected to be cancerous

A sentinel node is

more permeable then blood capillaries

The lymphatic capillaries are

Peyer's patches

The distal potion of the small intesting contains clumps of lymph follicles called

plasma cells

Antibodies that act against a particular foreign substance are released by

skeletal muscle contractions and differences in thoracic pressures due to respiratory movement

Both lymph and venous blood flow are heavily dependent on

islets of Langerhans

Digestive tract-associated lymphatic tissue includes all of the following except ________. A) Peyer's patches B) palatine tonsils C) lingual tonsils D) islets of Langerhans

forming crypts that trap bacteria

Functions of the spleen include all of those below except

trunks

Lymphatic ________ are formed from the union of the largest collecting vessels.

tonsil

Lymphoid tissue that appears as a swelling of the mucosa in the oral cavity is called

Palatine tonsils are located on either side at the posterior end of the oral cavity. The lingual tonsils lie at the base of the tongue. The pharyngeal tonsils are in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.

Name the tonsils and state their body locations.

ileum of the small intestine

Peyer's patches are found in the

Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles.

Select the correct statement about lymph transport. A) Under normal conditions, lymph vessels are very high-pressure conduits. B) Lymph transport is faster than that occurring in veins. C) Lymph transport is only necessary when illness causes tissue swelling. D) Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles.

B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood.

Select the correct statement about lymphocytes. A) The two main types are T cells and macrophages. B) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood. C) T cells are the precursors of B cells. D) T cells are the only form of lymphocyte found in lymphoid tissue.

Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue.

Select the correct statement about lymphoid tissue. A) Once a lymphocyte enters the lymphoid tissue, it resides there permanently. B) Lymphoid macrophages secrete antibodies into the blood. C) Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue. D) T lymphocytes act by ingesting foreign substances.

lymph nodes

Small organs associated with lymphatic vessels are termed

tonsils

The ________ are the simplest lymphoid organs and are found at the entrance to the pharynx.

white

The ________ pulp of the spleen forms cuffs around the central arteries.

MALT

The appendix, tonsils, and Peyer's patches are examples of ________.

left subclavian vein

The thoracic duct of the lymphatic system empties into the ________.

childhood

The thymus is most active during

directly fight antigens

The thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does not

lingual tonsils

The tonsils located at the base of the tongue are the

crypts

Tonsils have blind-ended structures called ________.

The thymus initially increases in size and then decreases in size from adolescence through old age.

What effect does age have on the size of the thymus?

an infected lymph node

What is a bubo

Obstruction of the lymphatics results in edema distal to the obstruction.

What is the consequence of obstruction of the lymphatics?

By secreting hormones, the thymus gland causes T lymphocytes to become immunocompetent.

What is the special role of the thymus gland?

severe localized edema distal to the blockage

When the lymphatic structures are blocked due to tumors, the result is

Lymph node aggregations are most dense near the body surface in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions of the body.

Where are the lymph node aggregations most dense?

lymphocytes

Which cells become immunocompetent due to thymic hormones

right lymphatic duct

Which lymphatic structure drains lymph from the right upper limb and the right side of the head and thorax

A and C

Which of the following are functions of lymphoid tissue? A) house and provide a proliferation site for lymphocytes B) house and provide a proliferation site for neutrophils C) furnish an ideal surveillance vantage point for lymphocytes and macrophages D) A and C

produce lymph fluid and cerebro-spinal fluid

Which of the following is not a function of lymph nodes? A) act as lymph filters and activate the immune system B) produce lymphoid cells and granular WBCs C) produce lymph fluid and cerebro-spinal fluid D) serve as antigen surveillance areas

transporting respiratory gases

Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system? A) draining excess interstitial fluid B) carrying out immune responses C) transporting dietary fats D) transporting respiratory gases

smooth muscle contraction

Which of the following is not a method that maintains lymph flow? A) skeletal muscle contraction B) breathing C) valves in lymph vessel walls D) smooth muscle contraction

thymus

Which of the following is not a mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue? A) tonsil B) thymus C) Peyer's patch D) appendix

red blood cells

Which of the following is not a normal component of lymph? A) water B) plasma proteins C) red blood cells D) ions

pancreas

Which of the following would not be classified as a lymphatic structure