Ch. 22: skeletal system: HW

Which of the following is a change in bone that occurs with​ age?

Bone healing slows.

Where is the ischium​ located?

In the pelvis; as part of the pelvic girdle.

Where within the bone does the formation of blood cells mostly​ occur?

In the red bone marrow

Which abnormal curvature of the lateral spine is often diagnosed in children and​ adolescents?

Scoliosis. Scoliosis is an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine that is often diagnosed early in​ toddlers, children, and adolescents.

The patella is an example of which type of​ bone?

Sesamoid

Where would you find a sutural bone in the​ body?

Skull

Which type of joint produces no​ movement?

Synarthrotic

In what way is the male pelvis different from the female​ pelvis?

The male pelvis is stronger than the female pelvis. The male pelvis is stronger and heavier than the female​ pelvis; it is also funnel​ shaped, whereas the female pelvis resembles more of a basin.

Which of the following common disorders of the skeletal system is characterized by the inflammation of one or more​ joints?

Arthritis. Arthritis is characterized by the inflammation of one or more joints and includes many different​ types, including rheumatoid​ arthritis, gouty​ arthritis, and osteoarthritis.

How are joints​ classified?

By the type of movement they produce Joints​ (articulations) are always classified according to the type of movement they provide.

Which of the following makes up most of the volume of​ bone?

Cancellous bone The​ cancellous, or​ spongy, bone is reticular tissue that makes up most of the volume of bone.

The first seven vertebrae of the spine are part of which​ region?

Cervical. The cervical region of the spine includes the first seven vertebrae and attaches directly to the occipital bone at the base of the skull.

Which type of fracture most affects both children and the​ elderly?

Colles' A​ Colles' fracture may occur as the result of reaching forward to stop or cushion a fall. It is most frequently seen in both children and the elderly.

​____________ is a​ dense, hard layer of bone tissue.

Compact bone

Which type of fracture involves a break in the​ skin?

Open. In an​ open, or​ compound, fracture, the bone has broken the​ skin, making the risk for infection or hemorrhage greater.

Which type of fracture occurs in the ankle and affects both the tibia and​ fibula?

Pott's

A child with a deficiency in​ calcium, vitamin​ D, and phosphate is at risk for developing​ ___________.

Rickets. Rickets is a condition that may develop in children who are deficient in​ calcium, vitamin​ D, and​ phosphate; this condition is called osteomalacia when it develops in adults.

Which of the following bones is not part of the axial​ skeleton?

Scapula. The scapula is part of the​ appendicular, not the​ axial, skeleton.

What is the function of the​ periosteum?

To cover the bones The function of the periosteum is to cover the​ bones, except in joint locations.

The process of bending a part of the body backward is called​ _____________.

dorsiflexion

Which of the following is an example of a diarthrotic​ joint?

elbow The elbow is an example of a diarthrotic joint because it allows for free movement in a variety of directions.

An important function of bone is to provide all of the following except​:

energy for body movement. The skeletal system provides a framework for the​ body, a place of attachment for skeletal​ muscles, and body movement through​ articulation, but it does not provide the actual energy needed for body movement.

A fracture that occurs in the growth plate of a bone is a called​ a(n) ________ fracture.

epiphyseal An epiphyseal fracture is commonly seen in children in areas of bone where the growth plate is undergoing calcification and the chondrocytes are dying.

The ends of a developing bone are the​ __________.

epiphyses

The formation of blood cells in the bone marrow is called​ __________.

hemopoiesis

Where is the femur​ located?

in the lower extremities. The femur is the bone found in the upper portion of the leg.

A vertebra is a type of​ ____________ bone.

irregular

​Lordosis, an abnormal curvature of the lumbar​ spine, may occur in​ ____________.

pregnant women. Lordosis may develop in overweight adults or in pregnant women.

One main function of the bones is to​ _____________ the​ body's internal organs.

protect

Most of the ribs that make up the rib cage are​ ____________ ribs.

true. The rib cage consists of 12 pairs of​ ribs, with the greatest number being 7 pairs of true ribs that connect posteriorly to the spinal column and anteriorly to the sternum via small strips of cartilage.

Which of the following is an example of a long​ bone?

Humerous

A function of bone is to store all of the following except​ ___________.

all of the following: CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS, MINERAL SALTS EXCEPT: vitamin C

A common treatment method for scoliosis that is not severe is often​ ________________.

an orthopedic brace Patients with scoliosis often wear orthopedic braces to reduce the progression of the abnormal spinal curvature.

All of the following are bones of the upper extremities except the​ __________.

are: humerus, phalanges, radius EXCEPT THE: FIBULA

Common symptoms of​ ___________ are hand numbness and weakness.

carpal tunnel syndrome

Babies are born with more bones and​ ________ than adults.

cartilage

The process of moving a body part in a circular motion is called​ ________.

circumduction Circumduction is the process of moving a body part in a circular motion. For​ example, a person can rotate the arms and legs to make circles.

How many bones make up the​ head?

22. The head consists of 22​ bones, with eight bones in the skull and 14 bones in the face.

Which of the following patients is at the LOWEST risk for developing​ osteoporosis?

African American women who have experienced pregnancy. African American women who have experienced pregnancy are not considered part of the​ high-risk group for developing osteoporosis unless they have other risk​ factors, such as a family history of the condition. Caucasian women who have never been pregnant and experience early​ menopause, on the other​ hand, are in the​ high-risk group.

A patient in a medical office is having trouble straightening her leg fully. Which type of joint movement is difficult for this​ patient?

Extension Extension is the process of straightening a flexed limb or the​ spine; in this​ example, the patient cannot extend her leg.

The term for an exaggeration of the thoracic curvature is​ ____________.

kyphosis

An abnormal spinal curvature that causes a rounded appearance of the upper back is​ ______________.

kyphosis. The most telling sign of kyphosis is the rounded appearance of the upper back.