ch 24-28 pharm
How do beta-adrenergic blocking agents reduce myocardial oxygen demand? a. By inhibiting the stimulation of norepinephrine and epinephrine b. By increasing the production of dopamine and acetylcholine c. By delaying the destruction of acetylcholinesterase and cholinesterase d. By enhancing the sensitivity of alpha receptors and beta receptors
A
The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old girl who has a congenital heart anomaly. The patient's current medications include digoxin and furosemide (Lasix). The apical pulse rate is 100 beats/min. Which action will the nurse take? a. Administer the medication. b. Contact the pediatric cardiologist for further orders. c. Hold the digoxin. d. Request that another unit nurse assess the child.
A
The nurse is performing pain assessment on a patient admitted for evaluation of angina. Which type of angina is precipitated by physical exertion and is relieved by rest? a. Chronic stable b. Nocturnal c. Unstable d. Variant
A
The nurse is reviewing lab work received on a patient admitted with the diagnosis of dehydration. The nurse will notify the physician of which lab value? a. Serum sodium level: 115 mEq/L b. Serum potassium level: 5.0 mEq/L c. Serum sodium level: 140 mEq/L d. Serum potassium level: 3.5 mEq/L
A
The nurse transcribes a new order for a daily diuretic on a patient diagnosed with congestive heart failure. The nurse will schedule this medication: a. in the morning. b. after lunch. c. with dinner. d. at bedtime.
A
The nurse would expect to assess which serum potassium level in a patient who has severe vomiting and diarrhea? a. Less than 3.5 mEq/L b. Between 3.5 and 4.5 mEq/L c. Between 4.6 and 5 mEq/L d. Higher than 5.5 mEq/L
A
Which instruction by the nurse will be included when teaching an adult patient about digoxin (Lanoxin) for management of heart failure? a. "Report nausea and vomiting to your healthcare provider." b. "Decrease the amount of high potassium foods you eat." c. "Omit your dose of digoxin if your pulse is 60 beats/min." d. "Visual disturbances are common adverse effects."
A
Which response will the nurse provide when a patient complains of a headache when using sublingual nitroglycerin? a. "This is a common adverse effect that can be managed with acetaminophen." b. "Discontinue taking this medication." c. "Try taking this medication at night to minimize the possibility of headaches." d. "Lie down after using nitroglycerin to avoid a headache."
A
The nurse transcribes a new order for ethacrynic acid (Edecrin) on a patient with edema resulting from cirrhosis of the liver. Which currently prescribed medication(s) should the nurse report to the ordering healthcare provider? (Select all that apply.) a. Digoxin b. Prednisone c. Tobramycin d. Lipitor e. Zofran
ABC
The pharmacologic agents used to treat DVT may act in which way(s)? (Select all that apply.) a. Prevent platelet aggregation. b. Prevent the extension of existing clots. c. Inhibit steps in the fibrin clot formation cascade. d. Prolong bleeding time. e. Lower serum triglycerides.
ABCD
Which medical condition(s) may contribute to fluid volume excess? (Select all that apply.) a. Hypertension b. Liver disease c. Pregnancy d. Use of corticosteroids e. Skin disorders
ABCD
Anticoagulant therapy may be used for which situation(s)? (Select all that apply.) a. To prevent stroke in patients at high risk b. Following a myocardial infarction c. Following total hip or knee joint replacement surgery d. With DVT e. To prevent thrombosis in immobilized patients f. Peptic ulcer disease
ABCDE
The nurse transcribes a new order for ranolazine (Ranexa) for a patient with chronic stable angina. Before initiating this medication, the nurse will ensure that which laboratory study result(s) is/are available? (Select all that apply.) a. Electrocardiography b. BUN c. Creatinine d. Electrolyte levels e. CBC
ABCDE
Which are included in the baseline assessment of PVD? (Select all that apply.) a. History of heart disease b. Smoking and dietary habits c. Current medications d. Weight e. Limb pain f. Mental status
ABCDE
Individuals with which disorder(s) are particularly susceptible to the development of electrolyte disturbances during diuretic therapy? (Select all that apply.) a. History of cardiac disease b. History of renal disease c. History of hormonal disorders d. History of psychiatric illness e. Massive trauma f. Serious burns g. Overhydration
ABCEF
Which are common signs and symptoms of dehydration? (Select all that apply.) a. Furrowed tongue b. Decreased intake and output levels c. Bounding pulse rate d. Mental confusion e. Elastic skin turgor
ABD
Which contributing factor(s) to heart failure is/are modifiable? (Select all that apply.) a. Hypertension b. Addiction to smoking c. Genetic history d. Exercise tolerance e. Age
ABD
The nurse is preparing discharge education for a patient who will be receiving warfarin (Coumadin) at home. Which important point(s) will the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. "Do not make any major changes to your diet without discussing it with your healthcare provider." b. "Keep outpatient laboratory appointments for monitoring of therapy." c. "Take the medication after meals." d. "Report signs of bleeding to your healthcare provider, including observing skin for bruising; petechiae; blood in emesis, urine, or stools; bleeding gums; cold, clammy skin; faintness; or altered sensorium." e. "Avoid aspirin products."
ABDE
Which are necessary steps in the assessment of the patient preparing for treatment PVD with pentoxifylline (Trental)? (Select all that apply.) a. Check for intolerance to caffeine. b. Obtain baseline data on pain that may be present. c. Obtain test results for PT and aPTT. d. Perform baseline gastrointestinal assessment to determine if the patient has nausea, vomiting, or dyspepsia. e. Ask specifically if the patient has any cardiac symptoms or dizziness. f. Schedule the patient for an exercise stress test.
ABDE
Which nursing intervention(s) would be performed for a patient who is on diuretic therapy? (Select all that apply.) a. Auscultation of lung sounds b. Assessment of skin turgor c. Initiation of electrolyte supplements d. Positioning techniques e. Monitoring of intake and output
ABDE
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a patient with Raynaud's disease who is soon to be discharged. What information will be included to improve circulation and prevent complications of this disease? (Select all that apply.) a. Begin a daily exercise program. b. Keep hands and feet warm. c. Surgery is often the most effective treatment. d. Elevate the lower extremities when reclining. e. Smoking cessation will improve outcomes.
ABE
Which lifestyle modification(s) will the nurse include when educating the patient with angina pectoris? (Select all that apply.) a. Weight-reduction therapy b. Low-potassium diet c. Smoking cessation d. Stress management e. Independent exercise
ACD
A patient who has heart failure and difficulty breathing is being admitted. Which physical assessment(s) indicate(s) fluid volume excess? (Select all that apply.) a. Rapid, bounding, irregular pulse rate b. Clear lung sounds c. 3+ pitting ankle edema d. Neck vein engorgement e. Shortness of breath
ACDE
What will the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient with angina who is prescribed a beta-adrenergic blocking agent? (Select all that apply.) a. Goals include reduced frequency of attacks, reduced nitrate use, and improved exercise tolerance. b. Only some beta blockers are effective in treating angina pectoris. c. Comorbidities, such as diabetes or COPD, influence the product selection of beta blockers to treat angina. d. Cardioselective agents minimize pulmonary and peripheral vascular adverse effects. e. Stress exercise is an effective way to determine the most appropriate dosage. f. Acebutolol, atenolol, and metoprolol must be taken in divided doses to be effective in treating angina.
ACDE
Which premedication assessment(s) would the nurse obtain prior to the initiation of bumetanide (Bumex)? (Select all that apply.) a. Serum potassium b. Bowel sounds c. Lung sounds d. Orientation level e. Blood pressure
ACDE
Which statement(s) about vasodilators is/are true? (Select all that apply.) a. They reduce systemic vascular resistance. b. They increase afterload. c. They reduce preload. d. They decrease pulmonary congestion. e. They increase tissue perfusion to muscles and organs. f. They increase the volume of blood returning to the heart.
ACDE
Before administering digoxin (Lanoxin), the nurse takes the adult patient's apical pulse for 1 full minute. What additional nursing consideration(s) will be taken before administration of the medication? (Select all that apply.) a. Review of the digoxin blood level b. Administration of the medication with pulse less than 60 beats/min c. Review of serum electrolytes, liver, and kidney function studies d. Administration of the medication with a pulse of 110 beats/min e. Obtaining baseline patient assessment data, including lung sounds, vital signs, and weight
ACE
A 37-year-old male presents at the emergency department reporting severe vomiting for the past 48 hours. When assessing skin turgor, the nurse will: a. exert pressure against the shin. b. gently pinch the skin together over the sternum. c. assess for vein distention. d. inspect oral mucous membranes.
B
A patient receiving IV heparin therapy for a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in his right calf asks why his calf remains painful, edematous, and warm to touch after 2 days of anticoagulant therapy. Which response by the nurse is most accurate? a. "It takes at least 3 days for the symptoms to resolve once the clot dissolves." b. "Heparin does not dissolve blood clots but neutralizes clotting factors, preventing extension of the clot and the possibility of it traveling elsewhere in your body." c. "I will report this to your healthcare provider because there may be a need to look at alternative treatments." d. "You appear anxious. The healthcare provider will eventually put you on ticlopidine, which allows for an earlier discharge."
B
How soon will diuresis be expected to occur after the nurse has administered 20 mg of furosemide (Lasix) intravenously (IV) to a patient with heart failure? a. As soon as injected b. Within 10 minutes c. After 2 hours d. After 4 hours
B
What is the rationale for administering fibrinolytic agents, such as streptokinase, within hours of the onset of myocardial infarction? a. Enhances myocardial oxygenation. b. Lyses the blood clot. c. Promotes platelet aggregation. d. Inhibits clotting mechanisms.
B
When assessing a client recently prescribed pentoxifylline (Trental), which medication will alert the nurse to monitor closely for adverse effects? a. Antilipemic b. Antihypertensive c. Antibiotic d. Antipsychotic
B
Which action by the nurse is most accurate when administering nitroglycerin ointment to a patient? a. Spread the ointment on the patient's legs in a thin, uniform layer. b. Cover the patch with a clear plastic wrap. c. Rub the ointment into the skin in a circular motion. d. Shave the skin prior to application.
B
Which is an accurate nursing action when administering subcutaneous enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin product? a. Expel the air bubble from the prefilled syringe. b. Leave the needle in place for 10 seconds after injection. c. Administer the medication into the deltoid muscle. d. Massage the site after injection to increase absorption.
B
Which medication is a potassium sparing diuretic? a. Acetazolamide (Diamox) b. Spironolactone (Aldactone) c. Furosemide (Lasix) d. Bumetanide (Bumex)
B
Which medication, if administered with spironolactone (Aldactone), will alert the nurse to assess the patient for signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia? a. Propranolol (Inderal) b. Captopril (Capoten) c. Furosemide (Lasix) d. Ibuprofen (Motrin)
B
Which nursing assessment is most important to determine fluid status for a patient with heart failure? a. Auscultation of lungs b. Daily weights c. Intake and output d. Measurement of abdominal girth
B
Which statement is true regarding the pain associated with angina? a. It does not subside until treatment is initiated. b. It is highly variable in intensity and location. c. It typically subsides after 1 to 3 minutes. d. It is directly related to the degree of myocardial damage.
B
Which therapy(ies) is/are used in the treatment of angina pectoris? (Select all that apply.) a. ECG b. Coronary artery bypass c. Coronary angioplasty d. Avoidance of caffeine and emotional stress e. Use of nitrates
BCDE
A patient with heart failure has been prescribed nesiritide (Natrecor). Which statement(s) is/are true regarding this medication? (Select all that apply.) a. It increases preload. b. Cardiac ventricles secrete this hormone in response to fluid overload. c. It suppresses aldosterone. d. It promotes norepinephrine secretion. e. It causes vasodilation.
BCE
The nurse has admitted a resident with the diagnosis of PVD to a long-term care facility. When providing care to this patient, the nurse will: (Select all that apply.) a. initiate elevation of lower extremities. b. implement pain management as ordered. c. assess skin temperature. d. vigorously dry feet after washing. e. palpate pedal pulses.
BCE
The nurse is performing a head-to-toe assessment on a resident in a long-term care facility with a history of angina pectoris. When assessing peripheral perfusion, the nurse will perform which intervention(s)? (Select all that apply.) a. Count heart rate and describe rhythm. b. Note any loss of hair on lower legs. c. Auscultate blood pressure. d. Check pedal pulses. e. Assess pupil reaction.
BD
A patient has been diagnosed with angina pectoris and an elevated LDL cholesterol level. The healthcare provider has prescribed HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. What is the primary indication in using this medication? a. Reduce coronary vessel spasm. b. Simplify oxygen requirements of the cardiac cells. c. Lower cholesterol levels. d. Dilate the coronary arteries.
C
A patient is receiving IV heparin therapy. The aPTT is 90; the laboratory control is 30 seconds. Which nursing intervention is most accurate? a. Document in the nursing notes that these results are within therapeutic range. b. Note the RBC count and wait for the healthcare provider to make the next round to discuss all laboratory values. c. Stop the heparin drip. d. Assess the patient for signs and symptoms of decreased sensorium.
C
A trauma patient arrives in the emergency department via EMS. He is bleeding profusely. A medical alert bracelet indicates that he is on heparin therapy. The nurse will most likely administer which medication that counteracts the action of heparin? a. Warfarin sodium (Coumadin) b. Enoxaparin (Lovenox) c. Protamine sulfate d. Vitamin K
C
An older adult male patient with long-term heart failure has presented for an office visit. The nurse obtains information that he has recently begun taking St. John's wort. What results with the use of this herbal supplement? a. Digoxin toxicity b. Altered potassium electrolyte balance c. Reduced therapeutic benefits of digoxin d. Enhanced digoxin effectiveness without producing toxicity
C
Dipyridamole (Persantine) has been used extensively in combination with warfarin to prevent the formation of thromboembolism after which type of event? a. Myocardial infarction b. Transient ischemic attack c. Cardiac valve replacement d. Heart transplant
C
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) is ordered on a patient following knee replacement surgery. When providing education on this medication to the patient, the nurse conveys that treatment will continue: a. only while hospitalized. b. for 35 days postsurgically. c. for 12 days postsurgically. d. as long as creatinine clearance is less than 30.
C
The nurse has completed teaching to a patient recently prescribed cilostazol (Pletal). Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? a. "I will sit down if I feel lightheaded or faint." b. "Because this medication helps my circulation, I will try to quit smoking." c. "Grapefruit juice will increase the effects of this medication." d. "Diarrhea may occur but likely will stop with continued therapy."
C
The nurse is assisting with a patient admission to the telemetry unit. The patient is diagnosed with angina pectoris. When obtaining information for angina therapy in regard to the central nervous system (CNS), the nurse will document: a. history of smoking. b. diet. c. anxiety level. d. heart rate.
C
The nurse is teaching a patient about nitroglycerin prior to discharge to home. Which instruction will the nurse provide the patient? a. "Report any headaches following self-administration to your healthcare provider." b. "Carry the medication in a pocket directly next to the body." c. "Carry the medication with you at all times." d. "Store nitroglycerin in a clear glass container with a tight lid."
C
The nurse is to administer digoxin to an 18-month-old patient who weighs 16.5 lb. Guidelines for administration read as follows: 0.0075 to 0.010 mg/kg/day. Which is a safe medication dosage? a. 0.05 mg b. 0.12 mg c. 0.074 mg d. 0.75 mg
C
What is the action of pentoxifylline (Trental), a hemorheologic agent used to treat chronic occlusive arteriole disease? a. Vasodilates the peripheral arteries. b. Potentiates the blood-clotting mechanism. c. Increases erythrocyte flexibility. d. Increases blood viscosity.
C
What risk is minimized when the smallest dose of nitroglycerin is used to provide satisfactory results? a. Allergy b. Dependence c. Tolerance d. Nausea
C
What will the nurse advise the patient to do to avoid the development of tolerance to nitroglycerin? a. Use the sublingual form only. b. Administer subsequent doses parenterally. c. Allow for a daily 8- to 12-hour nitrate free period. d. Store the drug in a dark container, free from light and moisture.
C
What would the nurse anticipate if a patient with a history of type 2 diabetes is prescribed a thiazide diuretic? a. No change in the antidiabetic regimen b. Decreased need for antidiabetic medication c. Increased blood sugar levels d. Less frequent monitoring of blood sugar level
C
When teaching a patient who is taking thiazide diuretics, the nurse will encourage the patient to increase the intake of which electrolyte? a. Calcium b. Sodium c. Potassium d. Magnesium
C
Which assessment verifies increased blood perfusion to the lower extremities? a. Toes cool to the touch b. Decreased sensation below the knees c. Increased amplitude of pedal pulses d. Paleness of the foot
C
Which condition warrants the use of acetazolamide (Diamox) as a diuretic? a. Increased intracranial pressure b. Increased extravascular fluid pressure c. Increased intraocular pressure d. Periorbital edema
C
Which drug will be administered to a patient being admitted with severe digoxin intoxication? a. Amiodarone (Cordarone) b. Spironolactone (Aldactone) c. Digoxin immune Fab (Digibind) d. Digitalis glycoside
C
Which foods will the nurse recommend for a patient taking loop diuretics? a. Protein-rich foods such as poultry, whole grains, and fish b. Fiber-rich foods such as yellow vegetables, nuts, and lentils c. Potassium-rich foods such as raisins, figs, and bananas d. Sodium-rich foods such as canned vegetables and processed foods
C
Which instruction will the nurse include for a patient prescribed sublingual nitrate PRN for angina? a. Take a dose routinely at bedtime. b. Place the tablet under the tongue and swallow immediately. c. Take one tablet and then seek medical attention if the pain is not relieved within 5 minutes. d. Take one tablet every 2 to 3 minutes until relief is obtained.
C
Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching a patient about the administration of translingual nitroglycerin spray? a. Shake the container to disperse the medication evenly. b. Inhale the medication slowly over 1 to 2 minutes. c. Administer the medication under the tongue. d. Close the mouth and "swallow" the spray.
C
Which is the initial manifestation of digoxin toxicity in children? a. Hallucinations b. Weakness c. Atrial dysrhythmia d. Diuresis
C
Which patient assessment would alert the nurse to withhold a loop diuretic? a. Crackles in the lung bases b. +2 pitting peripheral edema c. Serum potassium of 2.6 mEq/L d. Weight gain of 2 lb in 2 days
C
Which statement about ranolazine (Ranexa), a fatty oxidase enzyme inhibitor, is true? a. It causes coronary artery vasodilation. b. It causes no gastrointestinal (GI) side effects. c. It causes Q-T interval prolongation. d. It elevates LDL levels.
C
The nurse is assessing an emergency department patient who was recently discharged following a myocardial infarction (MI). Which symptom(s) would the nurse observe in this patient with left ventricular systolic failure? (Select all that apply.) a. Reports of recent weight loss b. Complaints of peripheral edema c. Diminished exercise tolerance d. Shortness of breath with activity e. Blood pressure elevation
CD
The nurse is providing education to a patient with altered cardiac function. When instructing this patient the nurse will encourage: (Select all that apply.) a. alcohol consumed in moderation. b. use of salt substitute. c. regular, mild exercise. d. good skin care. e. stress reduction.
CDE
What will the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan for a patient with PVD? (Select all that apply.) a. Intermittent cold applications to the extremities b. Heat therapy c. Stress reduction techniques d. An exercise program e. Bed positioning techniques
CDE
A patient is receiving 1400 units of heparin/hr on an IV pump. The aPTT time is 54. The laboratory control is 25. Which action by the nurse is accurate? a. Bolus the patient with an additional 5000 units of heparin. b. Stop the heparin immediately and notify the healthcare provider that the patient's blood level is toxic. c. Administer protamine sulfate stat. d. Continue with the prescribed rate.
D
A patient with altered cardiac function is being assessed by the nurse. When auscultating lung sounds, the nurse will assist this patient into a _____ position. a. prone b. supine c. Sims' d. Fowler's
D
On admission, a patient with a history of cardiac insufficiency complains of shortness of breath. The nurse auscultates the lungs and notes bilateral crackles throughout both fields. In addition, there is bilateral +2 edema of the lower extremities. Which medication does the nurse anticipate that the healthcare provider will prescribe? a. Allopurinol (Zyloprim) b. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) c. Mannitol d. Furosemide (Lasix)
D
The nurse has provided instruction to a patient recently prescribed warfarin (Coumadin). Which statement by the patient indicates to the nurse the need for further teaching? a. "I will always wear a medical alert bracelet." b. "I will check with my healthcare provider before I take any OTC medications." c. "I will be careful when I use a knife or other sharp objects." d. "I will rinse my mouth with mouthwash instead of brushing my teeth."
D
The nurse has provided patient teaching about potassium sparing diuretic therapy. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? a. "I will take my medication in the morning." b. "I will report a weight gain of 2 lb in 2 days." c. "I will rise slowly when I get up from a sitting position." d. "I will use a salt substitute because I limit my salt intake."
D
The nurse is assessing the patient's leg for peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and is unable to palpate the pedal pulse in either foot. Which action will the nurse take first? a. Contact the healthcare provider for further orders. b. Request x-ray studies of the lower extremities. c. Request that the patient lie flat. d. Obtain a Doppler ultrasound device for auscultation.
D
The nurse is caring for a 27-year-old woman on the postpartum unit one day following a C-section. To prevent clot formation, the nurse will: a. position the patient with knees flexed. b. initiate use of fitted thromboembolic disease deterrent (TED) stockings. c. maintain complete bed rest. d. implement deep breathing and coughing exercises.
D
The nurse is preparing to provide personal care to a patient with peripheral vascular disease. When providing foot care, the nurse will: a. assist the patient to a supine position. b. keep feet moistened with lotion. c. trim toenails daily. d. change socks daily.
D
The nurse is providing teaching to a patient with heart failure who has been prescribed nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker. Which statement by the nurse is accurate? a. "This medication dilates your coronary arteries." b. "This medication will help your kidneys get rid of fluid." c. "This medication reduces volume returning to your heart so it doesn't overstretch." d. "This medication reduces the resistance your heart has to pump against."
D
The nurse is teaching a patient about dietary implications while on warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. Which salad is highest in vitamin K? a. Fruit b. Pasta c. Potato d. Spinach
D
What is the mechanism of action of drugs used to treat thromboembolic disease? a. Dissolving clots and preventing formation of new clots b. Making platelets more flexible and preventing formation of new clots c. Causing vasodilation and increased blood flow d. Preventing platelet aggregation and inhibiting clot formation
D
When are sustained-release nitroglycerin tablets administered? a. Once a day b. At bedtime c. When symptoms of acute angina appear d. Every 8 to 12 hours
D
Which patient statement indicates to the nurse that the patient has a good understanding of PVD? a. "Symptoms are warning signs of the increased potential to develop diseases." b. "Pharmacologic treatments can reverse the disease process." c. "Surgical interventions will cure the disease." d. "Controlling contributing factors may affect the progression of the disease."
D
Which nursing intervention(s) would be accurate when administering heparin subcutaneously? (Select all that apply.) a. Assessment of recent aPTT levels b. Massaging the site after injection of medication c. Aspirating after needle insertion d. Documenting ecchymotic areas e. Monitoring of vital signs
DE
How frequently are nitroglycerin tablets discarded and prescriptions refilled? a. Monthly b. Every 3 months c. Every 6 months d. Yearly
C
The nurse monitors a patient receiving digoxin closely for toxicity when which other medication is prescribed? a. Potassium supplements b. Furosemide (Lasix) c. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) d. Antibiotics
B
What is the rationale behind administering calcium channel blockers to patients with angina? a. They decrease heart rate. b. They dilate blood vessels. c. They increase cardiac contractility. d. They promote fluid excretion.
B
Which action will the nurse implement to decrease the risk of clot formation in an older patient on bed rest? a. Assess peripheral pulses. b. Encourage passive leg exercises. c. Limit fluid intake. d. Position pillows behind the knees.
B
Which drug is used to obtain vasodilation in the treatment of chronic heart failure? a. ACTH b. ACE inhibitors c. ARBs d. ANB agents
B
Which medication combinations may be beneficial in treating angina pectoris? a. Antidysrhythmics and platelet active agents b. ACE inhibitors and statins c. Vasoconstrictors and diuretics d. Analgesics and thrombolytics
B
Which symptom is indicative of bleeding in a patient taking warfarin (Coumadin)? a. Bradycardia b. Petechiae c. Increased urinary output d. Dry skin
B
What will the nurse include in discharge teaching for patients on nitrate therapy? (Select all that apply.) a. Increase caffeine in diet b. Relaxation techniques c. Proper storage of medications d. Pain assessment e. Isometric exercise program
BCD
The nurse is preparing to administer dalteparin (Fragmin) to a patient in order to prevent DVT following a hip replacement. When providing this medication to the patient, the nurse will: (Select all that apply.) a. administer intramuscularly. b. inject slowly. c. remove needle immediately after injection. d. rub injection site following administration. e. alternate injection sites every 24 hours.
BE
Which action(s) will the nurse take when caring for a patient with heart failure? (Select all that apply.) a. Administer diuretics at bedtime. b. Assess electrolyte levels. c. Report daily weight fluctuations. d. Encourage sodium intake. e. Maintain skin hygiene.
BCE
Which sign(s) and/or symptom(s) of dehydration may occur as a result of a diuretic? (Select all that apply.) a. Decreased urine specific gravity b. Skin remains peaked on turgor assessment c. Bounding peripheral pulses d. Neck vein engorgement e. Soft, sunken eyeballs
BE
Which action of ACE inhibitors results in effective treatment of heart failure? a. Increased afterload b. Increased aldosterone c. Increased preload d. Increased cardiac output
D
Which agents stimulate the heart to increase the force of contractions, thereby increasing cardiac output? a. Inotropic b. Chronotropic c. Isotonic d. Isopropyl
A
A patient has recently been prescribed cilostazol (Pletal). Which statement by the patient indicates that this medication is effective? a. "I have less leg cramping when I walk." b. "My pulse rate is more regular." c. "I have had fewer episodes of angina." d. "My blood pressure has decreased."
A
