ch 27- hypertension

The nurse is explaining the DASH diet to a client diagnosed with hypertension. The client inquires about how many servings of fruit per day can be consumed on the diet. What is the nurse's best response?

4 or 5 servings per day

An older adult client has newly diagnosed stage 2 hypertension. The health care provider has prescribed the client hydrochlorothiazide and enalapril. What will the nurse be sure to include in educating this client? Change positions (lying or sitting to standing) slowly. Check blood pressure every day for signs of rebound hypertension. Do not become dependent on canes, walkers, or handrails. Eat plenty of salty food to prevent hypotension.

Change positions (lying or sitting to standing) slowly.

A nurse is providing education about hypertension to a community group. What are possible consequences of untreated hypertension? Select all that apply. Coronary artery disease Myocardial infarction Pancreatitis Tension pneumothorax Stroke

Coronary artery disease Myocardial infarction Stroke

Which of the following would be inconsistent with a hypertensive urgency? Anxiety Epistaxis Severe headache Intracranial hemorrhage

Intracranial hemorrhage Explanation: Elevated blood pressure in hypertensive urgency is associated with severe headache, epistaxis, and anxiety. An example of a hypertensive emergency is a myocardial infarction, intracranial hemorrhage, or dissecting aortic aneurysm.

The nurse is caring for an older adult client who has come to the clinic for a yearly physical. When assessing the client, the nurse notes the blood pressure (BP) is 140/93. The nurse knows that in older clients what happens that may elevate the systolic BP?

Loss of arterial elasticity Explanation: In older clients, systolic BP may be elevated because of loss of arterial elasticity (arteriosclerosis). Systolic BP would not become elevated by a decrease in blood volume, an increase in calcium intake, or a decrease in cardiac output.

When measuring the blood pressure in each arm of a healthy adult client, the nurse recognizes that which statement is true? Pressures should not differ more than 5 mm Hg between arms. Pressures may vary 10 mm Hg or more between arms. Pressures must be equal in both arms. Pressures may vary, with the higher pressure found in the left arm.

Pressures should not differ more than 5 mm Hg between arms. Explanation: Normally, in the absence of any disease of the vasculature, arm pressures differ by no more than 5 mm Hg. The pressures in each arm do not have to be equal to be considered normal. Pressures that vary more than 10 mm Hg between arms are an abnormal finding. The left arm pressure is not anticipated to be higher than the right as a normal anatomic variant.

A client is admitted to the emergency room with a blood pressure reading of 200/130 mm Hg. What are this client's therapeutic goals? Select all that apply. Reduction to a target goal pressure over a period of days. Achievement of a goal pressure of about 160/100 within 2 to 6 hours. Reduction of the mean blood pressure by 25% within the first hour. An immediate lowering of the blood pressure to a normotensive level within the first 30 minutes.

Reduction of the mean blood pressure by 25% within the first hour. Achievement of a goal pressure of about 160/100 within 2 to 6 hours. Reduction to a target goal pressure over a period of days.

A nurse is teaching a client with severe hypertension about the damage this condition can cause to the body. What system/organs will the nurse note are particularly targeted for damage due to severe hypertension? Sensory Gastrointestinal Integumentary Musculoskeletal

Sensory Explanation: Prolonged elevated blood pressure eventually damages blood vessels throughout the body, particularly in target organs such as the heart, kidneys, brain, and eyes. The usual consequences of prolonged, uncontrolled hypertension are myocardial infarction, heart failure, renal failure, strokes, and impaired vision.

The nurse is caring for a client prescribed bumetanide for the treatment of stage 2 hypertension. Which finding indicates the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication? Electrocardiogram (EGG) tracing demonstrating peaked T waves Blood glucose value of 160 mg/dL Urine output of 90 mL 1 hour after medication administration Serum potassium value of 3.0 mEq/L

Serum potassium value of 3.0 mEq/L Explanation: Bumetanide is a loop diuretic that can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Clients taking these medications may experience a low serum potassium concentration. ECG changes associated with an elevated serum potassium concentration include peaked T waves. Diuresis is a desired effect postadministration of bumetanide. The serum glucose concentration is elevated and requires intervention; however, this elevation is not associated with the administration of bumetanide

The nurse is caring for a client with essential hypertension. The nurse reviews lab work and assesses kidney function. Which action of the kidney would the nurse evaluate as the body's attempt to regulate high blood pressure?

The kidney excretes sodium and water.

Which statements are true when the nurse is measuring blood pressure (BP)? Select all that apply. Using a BP cuff that is too small will give a higher BP measurement. The client's arm should be positioned at the level of the heart. The client's BP should be measured 1 hour before consuming alcohol. The client should sit quietly while BP is being measured. Using a BP cuff that is too large will give a higher BP measurement.

Using a BP cuff that is too small will give a higher BP measurement. The client's arm should be positioned at the level of the heart. The client should sit quietly while BP is being measured.

The nurse is administering medications on a medical-surgical unit. A client is ordered to receive 40 mg oral nadolol for the treatment of hypertension. Before administering the medication, the nurse should check the client's heart rate. check the client's urine output. weigh the client. check the client's serum K+ level.

check the client's heart rate.

What risk factors would cause the nurse to become concerned that the client may have atherosclerotic heart disease? Select all that apply. lowered triglyceride levels obesity family history of early cardiovascular events diabetes active lifestyle hypertension

hypertension diabetes obesity family history of early cardiovascular events

A client with a history of hypertension is receiving client education about structures that regulate arterial pressure. Which structure is a component of that process?

kidneys Explanation: The autonomic nervous system, the kidneys, and various endocrine glands regulate arterial pressure