ch 3-5 VOCAB

rapidly occurring illness that runs its course, allowing a person to return to one's previous level of functioning

acute illness

something essential to the health and survival of humans; common to all people

basic human needs

irreversible illness that causes permanent physical impairment and requires long-term health care

chronic illness

blended family: two single-parent families joined together to form a new family unit

community: specific population or group of people living in the same geographic area under similar regulations and having common values, interests, and needs extended family: nuclear family and other related people family: any group of people who live together and depend on one another for physical, emotional, or financial support love and belonging needs: understanding and acceptance of others in giving and receiving love nuclear family: family unit, family of marriage, parenthood, or procreation, and their immediate children physiologic needs: need for oxygen, food, water, temperature, elimination, sexuality, activity, and rest; these needs have the highest priority and are essential for survival safety and security needs: person's need to be protected from actual or potential harm and to have freedom from fear self-actualization needs: highest level on the hierarchy of needs, which include the need for individuals to reach their full potential through development of their unique capabilities self-esteem needs: need to feel good about oneself and to believe others hold one in high regard cultural assimilation: process that occurs when a minority group, living as part of a dominant group within a culture, loses the cultural characteristics that made it different cultural blindness: the process of ignoring differences in people and proceeding as though the differences do not exist cultural competence: care delivered with an awareness of the aspects of the patient's culture cultural diversity: (1) coexistence of different ethnic, biological sex, racial, and socioeconomic groups within one social unit; (2) diverse groups in society, with varying racial classifications and national origins, religious affiliations, languages, physical size, biological sex, sexual orientation, age, disability, socioeconomic status, occupational status, and geographic location cultural imposition: tendency of some to impose their beliefs, practices, and values on another culture because they believe that their ideas are superior to those of another person or group cultural respect: enables nurses to deliver services that are respectful of and responsive to the health beliefs, practices, and cultural and linguistic needs of diverse patients; critical to reducing health disparities and improving access to high-quality health care culture: sum total of human behavior or social characteristics particular to a specific group and passed from generation to generation or from one to another within the group culture conflict: situation that occurs when people become aware of cultural differences, feel threatened, and respond by ridiculing the beliefs and traditions of others to make themselves feel more secure about their own values culture shock: those feelings, usually negative, a person experiences when placed in a different culture ethnicity: sense of identification that a cultural group collectively has; the sharing of common and unique cultural and social beliefs and behavior patterns, including language and dialect, religious practices, literature, folklore, music, political interests, food preferences, and employment patterns ethnocentrism: belief that one's own ideas, beliefs, and practices are best, superior, or most preferred to those of others; using one's cultural norms as the standard to evaluate others' beliefs linguistic competence: ability of caregivers and organizations to understand and effectively respond to the linguistic needs of patients and their families in a health care encounter personal space: external environment surrounding a person that is regarded as being part of that person race: division of human beings based on distinct physical characteristics stereotyping: assigning characteristics to a group of people without considering specific individuality subculture: group of people with different interests or goals than the primary culture transcultural nursing: providing nursing care that is planned and implemented in a way that is sensitive to the needs of individuals, families, and groups representing the diverse cultural populations within our society

pathologic change in the structure or function of the body or mind

disease

period in chronic illness when the symptoms of the disease reappear

exacerbation

state of optimal functioning or well-being

health

a specific difference that is closely linked to social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage

health disparity

attainment of the highest level of health for all people

health equity

behavior of an individual motivated by a personal desire to increase well-being and health potential

health promotion

health care that takes into account the whole person interacting in the environment

holistic health care

abnormal process in which any aspect of the person's functioning is altered (in comparison to the previous condition of health)

illness

frequency that a disease occurs

morbidity

number of deaths

mortality

period in a chronic illness when the disease is present, but the person does not experience symptoms of the disease

remission

something that increases a person's chance for illness or injury

risk factor

conditions in the environments in which people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality of life outcomes and risks

social determinants of health

disadvantaged subsegment of a community requiring utmost care, specific ancillary considerations, and augmented protection in research; includes those living in poverty, women, children, older adults, rural and inner-city residents, new immigrants, the homeless, mentally ill patients, and people with disabilities and special health care needs

vulnerable population

an active process in which an individual progresses toward the maximum possible potential, regardless of current state of health

wellness