ch 3
In the era of dual federalism, which ended in the _____ , the_______ did most of the governing.
1930s; state governments
Under the Obama administration's stimulus package, federal aid became the single largest source of state revenue for one year. Was this in 2005, 2008, 2010, or 2012?
2010
Which of the following statements about judicial review are accurate?
CORRECT: The Supreme Court invalidated nearly the entire New Deal program in the 1930s. The Supreme Court did not review any congressional actions from 1803 to 1857. INCORRECT: The Supreme Court has been more confrontational toward the president since the New Deal. The Supreme Court has been more deferential to Congress since the 1980s.
The Supreme Court has consistently adopted a pattern of judicial restraint.
False
Determine whether each of the following is an example of the full faith and credit clause or the comity clause.
Full Faith and Credit Clause: You can drive from one side of the country to the other without having to stop and get a new driver's license in each state. A marriage license granted in one state must be recognized in all the others. Comity Clause: A state cannot deny welfare benefits to new residents just because they have only recently moved to that state. A state must charge all people the same sales tax rates on groceries.
Why was the Supreme Court's decision in National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation a key case in federalism?
It was the first time the court ruled in favor of the national government regulating manufacturing actitivites
gave power to the federal government
McCulloch v. Maryland Gibbons v. Ogden
Determine which kind of business concerns the national government was able to regulate during the period that the states' rights coalition dominated Congress.
National Government Did Regulate: railroads gas pipelines National Government Did Not Regulate: child labor fraud
Congress began using categorical grants-in-aid in the 1930s to promote ______ policies. Since then, the number of policies receiving grants-in-aid have gone ______ dramatically.
Specific; up
Which of the following powers did the state governments have before the ratification of the Constitution?
States could tax the products of other states. States could make their own trade agreements with foreign countries. States could adopt trade barriers with foreign companies.
gave power to the states
United States v. Lopez Printz v. United States Murphy v. NCA
If a state gave residents preference in obtaining work at the state's utility provider, this would likely violate which of the following constitutional clauses?
comity clause
What's the term for the form of federalism that prevailed after the 1930s?
cooperative federalism
Which of the following statements about federal aid are accurate?
correct: Grants-in-aid as a percentage of federal domestic programs are slightly lower now than in 1960. Grants-in-aid as a percentage of state and local budgets dropped dramatically in the 1980s. incorrect: Grants-in-aid as a percentage of state and local budgets have been stable over time. Grants-in-aid as a percentage of GDP are quite volatile.
How did the Supreme Court case of Gibbons v. Ogden influence federalism?
correct: It established the federal government's powers to regulate interstate commerce. It increased the powers of the federal government. incorrect: It established the principle of state sovereign immunity. It established the federal government's powers to regulate commerce within a single state.
How has regulated federalism influenced state-to-state variation on transportation policy?
correct: It has made for more uniform state-to-state transportation policies. It has reduced the variation in local-government transportation policies across a particular state. incorrect: It has allowed states the opportunity to experiment on transportation policy. It has allowed a wide range of acceptable transportation standards across the country.
How did the case of McCulloch v. Maryland increase national government power?
correct: It ruled that Maryland could not tax the national government. It ruled that Congress's power to create the bank was "implied" in the Constitution. incorrect: It established the legitimacy of the Courts to review existing law. It ruled that Maryland was not bound to the Bill of Rights protections that the national government was.
How has the separation of powers in the Constitution been effectively maintained?
correct: giving each branch of government the means to participate in the workings of other branches giving each branch of government the means to obstruct the workings of other branches incorrect: giving each branch of government the same powers as the other branches by equipping the Supreme Court with the authority to check any violations of the separation of powers
The Constitution recognizes the sovereignty of which levels of government?
correct: state governments the national government Incorrect: city governments county governments
Which of the following powers are held at the state level?
correct: the right to define property rights the right to seize property for a public purpose the power to regulate your ability to get a plumbers' license Incorrect: the right to compel you to join the military the right to force you to vote
In United States v. Nixon, the Supreme Court ruled that _______ protected the confidentiality of the president's______ , but that there were limits to this power.
executive privilege; communications
According to Article VI of the Constitution, when state laws and federal laws are in conflict, the state law will likely be favored over the federal law.
false
The difference between project grants and formula grants is really in the name, the procedures and funding turned out to be the same.
false
Page 563.1. Federalism Before the 2015 Obergefell case legalized same-sex marriage across the United States, several states refused to recognize same-sex marriages granted in other states. This potentially violated which clause of the Constitution?
full faith & credit
Beginning in the 1930s, many of the partnerships between the national government and the state and local governments were facilitated by which of the following?
grants-in-aid
Part of the New York state constitution specifies that the state legislature cannot pass laws that effect New York City without first getting the city's approval. What concept is this an example of?
home rule
How did the "necessary and proper" clause influence the national government's scope of authority over time?
it led the national government to gradually claim more influence over state government
How did the Bill of Rights influence federalism?
it limited the national government's powers from what was specified in the constitution
What were the Founders' intentions in separating the powers in the federal government?
making the government more likely to protect liberty
The Constitution gives different levels of government different powers. Match the following government powers to the level of government the Constitution originally empowered.
national government declare war establish currency state governments develop criminal codes define private property
In cases such as McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden, the early Supreme Court tended to favor the ______, government(s). This changed in the mid-1800s, and from then until the 1930s the Supreme Court tended to favor the _____ governments.
national: state
The framers provided for legislative supremacy by making the_____ government provisions in Article I apply to Congress and giving it sole power over______
national; appropriations.
Though not in the Constitution, and used____ , the power of ______ makes the Supreme Court a coequal branch of government.
rarely; judical review
Match the type of power to the correct level of government.
state reserved federal implied expressed federal concurrent
What is the source of local governments' authority?
state governments give local goverments authority
Which of the following prohibits private citizens from suing state governments over a state law in federal court?
state sovereign immunity
How would the Antifederalists feel about the expansion of the national government's scope of authority since the ratification of the Constitution?
they would oppose the more powerful national government
In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of expanded powers for the federal government.
true
The Supreme Court typically opposed Franklin Delano Roosevelt's attempts to expand the power of the national government.
true
When is the power struggle between the president and Congress most intense?
under divided government
