Ch 30 Smartbooks
As part of a rising conservative trend, Pat Robertson's ______ counted 1.6 million members and dominated the Republican Party in more than a dozen states by 1990.
Christian Coalition
In 1985, Us-Soviet relations thawed when new leader _______ came to power and pledged a new market-orientation approach to the Soviet economy and a desire for political openness.
Mikhail Gorbachev
Which of the following was true of the AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP)? -It formed after the Reagan administration refused to take AIDS seriously as a national health emergency. -Its members staged media stunts such as "die-ins" at busy city intersections to raise awareness about AIDS. -It sought to separate the discussion of AIDS from homosexuality, urging activists to de-emphasize their sexual orientation. -It formed in collaboration with First Lady Nancy Reagan to educate the public about preventing the spread of AIDS.
-Its members staged media stunts such as "die-ins" at busy city intersections to raise awareness about AIDS -it formed after the Reagan administration refused to take AIDS seriously as a national health emergency
What primary lessons from the Vietnam War did Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney argue should be applied to the Persian Gulf War?
-The United States should amass forces before engaging the enemy -The military should prevent the dissemination of gruesome war imagery via the mass media
What happened when tens of thousands of college students demonstrated against the Chinese government in Tiananmen Square demanding reforms?
-Thousands of protesters were arrested or killed -The Chinese government brought in military tanks and heavily armed soldiers against the protesters
How did President Reagan accelerate the process of deregulation that President Carter had initiated in 1978?
-by ordering the new regulations could only be enforced if their benefits financially outweighed their costs -by appointing sympathetic officials to federal regulatory agencies
Which of the following aspects of the American economy were down in 1980?
-industrial productivity -the stock market
What challenges did President Reagan face going into his re-election campaign in 1984?
-many of the administration's top regulators had been caught up in scandals -many Americans opposed the nuclear arms buildup and renewal of the Cold War
What platforms were central to Jesse Jackson's 1984 presidential campaign?
-promoting economic justice for all -ending poverty
What were Reagan's primary objectives in foreign policy?
-reasserting U.S. power -expanding the military
How did consumer habits change in the 1980s?
-shopping became a popular form of recreation -consumers took on greater levels of debt
The Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 was informed by what became known as Reaganomics, which is a mixture of which two economic theories?
-trickle-down economics -supply-side economics
What were President Reagan's domestic priorities in his second term?
-waging a large-scale war on drugs -passing immigration reform -building a more conservative Supreme Court
As a result of Reagan's anti-union policies, only 1 in ____ private sector employees were unionized by 1988.
10
During the 1980, many Hollywood films such as Peggy Sue Got Married (1986) presented a nostalgic vision of the ______
1950s
Though Congress did not achieve much under President George H.S. Bush, it did pass landmark legislation to protect _____ from discrimination
Americans with disabilities
The anti-apartheid movement of the 1980s focused on ending the persecution of _______
Black People in South Africa
Households that were _____-headed were hardest hit by the rising poverty rates of the 1980s?
Black- and Female
By the early 1980s, American steel, automotive, and other industries were shrinking and losing valuable markets to more efficient _____ manufacturers.
European and Japanese
Why was the Reagan administration reluctant to declare AIDS a national health emergency in the 1980s?
Gay men were the first known AIDS victims
How did Generation X activists in the 1980s differ from Baby Boomer activists in the 1960s?
Gen X activists sought to change policies rather than overthrow the system
What name refers to the generation born roughly between 1960 and 1985?
Generation X
What campaign promise did President George H.W. Bush break?
He raised taxes to balance the federal budget
How did President Reagan's environmental policy differ from this first and second terms?
In his first term, he aggressively sought to roll back environmental protections and in his second term, he ensured that Congress passed no new environmental regulations
As part of Operation Desert Storm, U.S. forces drove ______
Iraqi forces out of Kuwait
Which of the following was true of the Comprehensive Anti-apartheid Act passed in 1986? -It was enthusiastically endorsed by President Reagan. -It was created in response to large-scale protest actions in the United States. -It was a largely symbolic call for "constructive engagement" with South African leaders. -It banned new investment in South Africa.
It was created in response to large-scale protest actions in the United States -It banned new investment in South Africa
How did the creation of cable station C-Span change congressional proceedings?
Law makers began playing to the camera rather than engaging in genuine debate
From 1970 to 1990, the _____ American population of the Southwest tripled.
Mexican
In the 1980s, Georgia Representative _____ vaulted to the forefront of the Republican Party by challenging the norm of congressional debate with his fiery rhetorical attacks on the Democratic Party.
Newt Gingrich
Why did many Mexican men seek employment in the United States in the 1980s despite the fact that American corporations had established assembly plants in northern Mexico?
Plant managers in Mexico predominantly hired young women from rural areas
By the 1988 presidential election, the mostly white workers and tradespeople who had become swing voters were known as _____
Reagan Democrats
The vast Soviet empire broke up beginning in 1989 when _____
Soviet President Gorbachev did not use military force to suppress Eastern European uprisings
What was the Reagan Doctrine?
The United States would support any "freedom fighters" opposing communism around the globe
What idea was central to the work of feminists Angela Davis and Gloria Evangelina Anzaldua in the 1980s/
The feminist movement had historically marginalized women of color and ignored racial and class inequalities
Mass culture of the 1980s often reinterpreted the 1960s, especially the _______
Vietnam War
Compared to President Reagan, 1988 Republican presidential candidate George H.W. Bush was _______
a proponent of economic conservatism, but was more moderate on social issues
In the 1984 election, Democratic presidential candidate Walter Mondale made history by choosing _____ as his choice for vice president.
a woman
On what issue were American feminists united on in the 1980s?
abortion rights
In the 1980s, Generation x ______
built oppositional networks and forged fresh forms of artistic and political expression
As part f the Economic Recovery Tax of 1981, Congress...
cut all tax levels
From 1983 to 2007, the United States experienced a period of economic _______
expansion
The most aggressively deregulated sectors of the economy during the Reagan administration were the _____ sectors.
finance and banking
The Day After, a 1983 television movie, reflected the activist movement of the early 1980s to _______
freeze nuclear arms manufacture
What form of rap music used edgy rhymes to portray gang life?
gangsta rap
What musical style that emerged in the 1980s was the most radical and has proven to be the most enduring?
hip hop
During the Reagan years, workers who tried to unionize were often ______
illegally fired and replaced by temps
Shopping _____ became a popular way to shop in the 1980s.
in large scale malls
James Watt, the secretary of the interior under Reagan, worked to do what with unused federal land?
lease it to mining companies
In the 1980s, Black-led activist groups such as People Organized for Welfare and Employment Rights (POWER) took on the Reagan administration's attack on Great Society programs by _________.
organizing voter registration drives
The Iran-Contra scandal erupted when it was revealed that high-ranking Reagan administration officials had been secretly _____
selling arms to Iran and using the proceeds to fund rebel forces in Nicaragua
In the 1980s, conservative economic think tanks such as the American Enterprise Institute advanced the theory of _____, which held that lowering taxes would drive economic growth.
supply side economics
Which of the following Americans saw their income increase the most during the 1980s? -the wealthy -the working class -the middle class -the extremely wealthy
the extremely wealthy
President Reagan's Supreme Court appointees adhered to the philosophy of New Federalism, the belief that _______
the federal government should devolve most of its regulatory power to the states
Which two manufacturing industries experienced steady growth in the 1980s?
the robotics industry and the personal computer industry
