Ch 37 PrepU -Urinary Elimination

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. The primary care provider orders include an antibiotic, an antipyretic, and a urine culture and sensitivity, and urine specimen for nitrates. Which actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

-Collect the first void clean urine specimen since the client presented in the emergency department at 0500. -Obtain the urine specimens before beginning the ordered antibiotic. -Instruct the client on the midstream urine collection process. -Place the collected specimen with proper label in a biohazard bag and send it to the lab after collection.

Three days post-surgery for breast reconstruction, the nurse assesses that the client is ambulating several times daily. The health care provider has not yet written an order to discontinue the client's urinary catheter. What is the appropriate nursing action? Select all that apply. - Contact the health care provider to ask for an order for catheter discontinuation. -Ensure that the drainage bag is above the level of the bladder at all times. -Delegate catheter discontinuation to the Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP). -Discontinue to catheter and report this to the healthcare provider. -Perform, or allow client to perform, perineal hygiene at least once daily.

-Contact the health care provider to ask for an order for catheter discontinuation. -Perform, or allow client to perform, perineal hygiene at least once daily.

When planning care for a client with a Foley catheter, which actions should the nurse include? Select all that apply. -Encourage fluid intake, unless contraindicated. -Maintain a closed urinary catheter system. -Use powder or lotion in the perineal area. - Record volume and character of the urine. -Change the indwelling catheter regularly.

-Encourage fluid intake, unless contraindicated. -Record volume and character of the urine. -Maintain a closed urinary catheter system.

The nurse is changing a stoma appliance on an ileal conduit. Which nursing action is recommended procedure? Select all that apply. - Apply faceplate by using firm, even pressure for approximately 60 seconds. -Gently remove the appliance, starting at the top and keeping the abdominal skin taut. -Remove appliance faceplate by pulling appliance from skin rather than pushing. -Make sure skin around stoma is thoroughly dry by patting it dry. -Clean skin around stoma with alcohol on a gauze pad. -Apply a silicone-based adhesive remover by spraying or wiping as needed.

-Gently remove the appliance, starting at the top and keeping the abdominal skin taut. -Apply a silicone-based adhesive remover by spraying or wiping as needed. -Make sure skin around stoma is thoroughly dry by patting it dry.

The nurse is working with a client who requires continence training. Which client teaching about pelvic floor muscle exercises (Kegel exercises) will the nurse include? -Loosen the internal muscles used to prevent or interrupt urination. -Relax muscles for at least 5 minutes between Kegels. -Keep muscles contracted for at least 10 seconds. -Perform these exercises two times daily for a week.

Keep muscles contracted for at least 10 seconds

The nurse caring for an older adult male client is determining whether the client can use a urinal to void. Which aspects of the client's medical history may contraindicate the use of a urinal? -The client was treated for kidney stones a few months earlier. -The client has had urinary catheters in place repeatedly during previous admissions. -The client is acutely confused and has been diagnosed with delirium. -The client has a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH; prostate enlargement).

The client is acutely confused and has been diagnosed with delirium.

The nurse is caring for a client with an indwelling urinary catheter secondary to neurogenic bladder. The nurse completes a prescription to obtain a urine specimen from the catheter. After reviewing the image, what is the most accurate narrative note the nurse would document to demonstrate the steps to obtain the urine specimen were performed appropriately? -Cleansed access port with warm soap and water, syringe attached and aspirated 10 mL of urine and placed in specimen container. -Verified prescription, cleansed access port with antiseptic swab, aspirated urine from access port into sterile specimen container, client tolerated procedure well. -Obtained urine specimen from urinary drainage bag using a syringe, client expressed no discomfort during or after the procedure, verified prescription and cleansed access port. -Gathered supplies, checked prescription, collected urine from access port and notified health care provider at the completion of the procedure.

Verified prescription, cleansed access port with antiseptic swab, aspirated urine from access port into sterile specimen container, client tolerated procedure well.

The nurse instructs the client about the clean catch urine specimen. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for further teaching from the nurse? "I will: -urinate directly into the specimen cup, filling it to the top and then cap it without touching the inside of the lid." -use three wipes provided; one to clean each side of the urinary meatus, and one in the middle from front to back." -wash my hands before collecting the clean catch urine specimen." -keep the labia spread after cleaning and during collection of the specimen."

urinate directly into the specimen cup, filling it to the top and then cap it without touching the inside of the lid."

A woman is reporting bladder urgency. It is most important to assess: -weight. -exercise. -vitamin supplements. -caffeine intake.

caffeine intake.

A nurse drains the bladder of a client by inserting a catheter for 5 minutes. What type of catheter would the nurse use in this instance?

intermittent urethral catheter

The nurse is caring for a client who has been experiencing difficulty voiding since her vaginal birth. The client voices concern to the nurse. What information should be provided to the client? -The birth can cause perineal swelling. -A urinary tract infection results from the birth process. -A neurogenic bladder results from local anesthesia. -Catheterization is necessary for 1 week.

The birth can cause perineal swelling.

A nurse will use a bladder scanner to assess a client with urinary frequency. How should the nurse best prepare the client for this procedure?

Position the client in a supine position.

The nurse is preparing to irrigate a Foley catheter. What is the nurse's initial action? -Explain the procedure to the client. -Gather equipment and supplies. -Check electronic health record for medical order. -Assess urine characteristics.

Check electronic health record for medical order.

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 3-year-old child. The mother expresses concern, stating, "My child was toilet trained for three months. Since being here, she is no longer toilet trained. I cannot understand this." What appropriate response would the nurse provide to the mother? -"It is unusual for a child this age to be toilet trained." -"Since she is so young, you can retrain her again when she gets home." -"Since she is wetting her underwear, she probably was not fully toilet trained yet." -"It is not unusual for children to regress when hospitalized; it should be short lived."

"It is not unusual for children to regress when hospitalized; it should be short lived."

The nurse educator is presenting a lecture on clients at risk for developing urinary tract infections (UTIs). Which response made by the staff nurse would indicate to the educator a need for further teaching?

"Having sexual relationships does not put a woman at risk for developing a UTI."

A client is diagnosed with frequent urinary tract infections. What would be an appropriate question for the nurse to ask the client?

"How frequently do you urinate each day?"

The nurse has an order to obtain a 24-hour urine specimen from a client. Which instruction would be accurate for collection of the specimen? -"You will need to have a catheter inserted for this collection." -"Begin the collection when you first urinate in the morning." -"Start collecting the urine with the next time you urinate." -"Discard your first urine and begin the collection after that."

"Discard your first urine and begin the collection after that."

The nurse is providing instructions to a client with kidney stones on measures to help prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Which statement made by the client would indicate to the nurse that further teaching is necessary? Select all that apply.

"I will drink 10 ounces of cranberry juice every day." "I will bathe in the bathtub rather than take a shower."

The experienced nurse is observing a new nurse who is preparing to catheterize a female client. Which statement by the new nurse requires immediate intervention by the experienced nurse? -"The client will be placed in a reclining position with knees bent." -"Washing hands before and after the procedure is important." -"I will place a bath blanket over the client to provide privacy." -"I will use clean gloves to handle the catheter and other equipment."

"I will use clean gloves to handle the catheter and other equipment."

A 70-year-old client confides to the nurse that she is "terribly embarrassed" that she has developed urinary incontinence over the past year. Which nursing response supports the client's self-esteem? -"Let's explore structuring activities and toileting breaks." -"Don't worry, this is a normal condition for older adults." -"It would be best just to get some adult diapers." -"Let me refer you to a urologist who can help you."

"Let's explore structuring activities and toileting breaks."

A client reports an episode of losing control of urination when a bathroom wasn't close by. The client states, "I'm worried this means that I'm starting to lose control of my bladder." What is the appropriate nursing response?

"Let's review your medication history and whether you consume bladder irritants."

A parent asks the nurse when his 18-month-old daughter will be ready for toilet training. Which statement best answers the parent's question regarding toilet training? -"Girls typically take longer than boys to be ready for toilet training." -"One signal of preparedness is when your child is dry for at least 2 hours." -"Your child should be at least 2 years old before you start toilet training." -"Your child will tell you when there is a sensation of bladder fullness."

"One signal of preparedness is when your child is dry for at least 2 hours."

The nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter into a female client's bladder. The nurse has opened the sterile catheterization tray using sterile technique, donned sterile gloves and has opened all sterile supplies. Arrange the following steps in the correct order.

-Clean each labial fold, then the area directly over the meatus. -Insert the lubricated catheter into the urethra. -Advance the catheter until there is a return of urine. -Inflate the balloon with the correct amount of sterile saline. -Discard used supplies.

The nurse is catheterizing a male urinary bladder, and urine leaks out of the meatus around the catheter. Which actions would the nurse perform next? Select all that apply. -Consider an evaluation for urinary tract infection. -Make sure the smallest sized catheter with a 10-mL balloon is used. -If underfill is suspected, attempt to push the catheter further into the bladder. -Ensure that the correct amount of solution was used to inflate the balloon. Increase the size of the indwelling catheter. -Assess the client for diarrhea.

-Make sure the smallest sized catheter with a 10-mL balloon is used. -Consider an evaluation for urinary tract infection. -Ensure that the correct amount of solution was used to inflate the balloon.

Which is the test that would provide an accurate measurement of the kidney's excretion of creatinine?

24-hour specimen

A client with chronic kidney disease reports not being able to urinate for the past 24 hours. A bladder scan shows no urine in the bladder. How does the nurse document this data? -oliguria -anuria -urinary retention -nocturia

anuria

The nurse is caring for an older adult client suspected of having a urinary tract infection. The nurse should assess for what finding specifically associated with the development of this condition in the older adult?

Acute confusion

A nurse is assessing a client who is complaining of difficulty urinating. Which assessment would be a priority? -Asking the client when he or she had last urinated -Determining any pain when palpating the lower abdomen -Obtaining the bladder scanner to check the urine volume -Palpating the bladder above the symphysis pubis

Asking the client when he or she had last urinated

A nurse is caring for a client with a hemodialysis access site. Which action should the nurse take? -Auscultate over the access site with the bell of a stethoscope, listening for a bruit or vibration. -Measure the client's blood pressure on the arm above the access site. -Perform venipuncture below the access site to obtain a blood sample for laboratory testing. -Administer an IV on the arm high above the access site.

Auscultate over the access site with the bell of a stethoscope, listening for a bruit or vibration

What accurately describes a practice guideline that the nurse should follow when inserting an indwelling catheter? -Use clean technique when inserting a catheter. -Avoid irrigation unless needed to relieve an obstruction. -Use the largest appropriate-sized catheter in order to prevent leakage. -Maintain an open system whenever possible.

Avoid irrigation unless needed to relieve an obstruction.

Which statement should the nurse convey to the mother of a 3-year-old son who has not achieved urinary continence?

Boys may take longer for daytime continence than girls.

Which is true regarding the normal urination? -Catheterized clients should drain a minimum of 30 mL of urine per hour. -In adults, the amount of urine voided typically does not depend on fluid intake and losses. -Urinary output does not vary all that much between adults and children. -In adults, the average amount of urine per void is 500 mL.

Catheterized clients should drain a minimum of 30 mL of urine per hour.

A client could experience increased urination when using which classification of medication? -Stool softeners -Central nervous system depressants -Analgesic medications -Cholinergic agents

Cholinergic agents

The nurse is caring for a client with weakness who is ambulatory but tires easily. Which method for urinary elimination does the nurse recommend?

bedside commode

The nurse is performing a portable bladder ultrasound on a client who has palpable bladder distention. The scanner reveals little urine in the bladder. What should the nurse do next? -Place the client on either side and rescan. -Have the client drink 8 ounces of water every 15 minutes for 1 hour. -Ensure proper positioning of the scanner head and rescan. -Wipe off some of the ultrasound gel and rescan.

Ensure proper positioning of the scanner head and rescan.

A nurse is caring for a client with an external condom catheter. Which guideline should be implemented when applying and caring for this type of catheter? -Fasten the condom securely enough to prevent leakage without constricting blood flow. -Remove the catheter every 8 hours, or more often in humid weather. -Wipe the penis thoroughly with an alcohol swab and dry thoroughly before application. -Ensure the tip of the tubing is touching the tip of the client's penis.

Fasten the condom securely enough to prevent leakage without constricting blood flow.

A male client is being transferred to the hospital from a long-term care facility with a diagnosis of dehydration and urinary bladder infection. His skin is also excoriated from urinary incontinence. Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for this client? -Impaired Skin Integrity related to functional incontinence -Urinary Incontinence related to urinary tract infection -Risk for Urinary Tract Infection related to dehydration -Impaired Skin Integrity related to urinary bladder infection and dehydration

Impaired Skin Integrity related to urinary bladder infection and dehydration

What is an advantage of using an external condom catheter for a male client who has frequent episodes of urinary incontinence? -It can be left in place for a long period of time. -A sterile urine specimen can be obtained from the drainage bag tubing. -It collects urine into a drainage bag without the risk of infection associated with indwelling urinary catheters. -The client can apply it himself with minimal supervision.

It collects urine into a drainage bag without the risk of infection associated with indwelling urinary catheters.

The nurse is attempting to insert a urinary catheter into a female client's bladder and realizes the catheter has been inserted into the vagina. Which action is most appropriate?

Leave the catheter in place as a marker and attempt to insert a new sterile catheter directly above the misplaced catheter.

A nurse assesses the urine of a client who is using a bedpan and finds that it is a dark brown color. What medication might be causing this effect?

Levodopa

A nurse is maintaining a client's continuous bladder irrigation. When appraising the effectiveness of this therapy, the nurse should prioritize what assessment? -Monitoring the characteristics of the urinary output -Palpating the client's bladder region -Assessing PVR using a bladder scanner -Calculating the flow rate of urinary output

Monitoring the characteristics of the urinary output

A nurse prepares a client with a recently created ileal conduit to be discharged from the hospital. Which is an expected assessment finding? -Mucus in the urine is a normal finding. -Stoma is fully stable. -Stoma is flush with the abdominal surface. -Stoma is pale to light pink in color.

Mucus in the urine is a normal finding.

A client with an emergently placed central venous catheter (CVC) is to have emergent hemodialysis. Upon assessment of the CVC the nurse visualizes redness, drainage, and odor to the area around the CVC. Palpation of the surrounding skin causes the client pain. Which intervention is the priority? -Notifying the health care provider of the assessment findings -Checking for blood return in the CVC -Obtaining laboratory studies -Placing the client as N.P.O. status

Notifying the health care provider of the assessment findings

A client who undergoes peritoneal dialysis is admitted to the hospital after an elective total-knee arthroplasty. Upon assessment the nurse visualizes redness, drainage, and odor to the area around the peritoneal dialysis catheter. Palpation of the abdomen causes the client pain. Which intervention is the priority?

Notifying the health care provider of the assessment findings.

The nurse is caring for a postoperative client just returning from surgical insertion of a peritoneal dialysis catheter. Which are the nurse's priority assessments of the peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion site? Select all that apply. -Bleeding -Odor -Urine output -Pain -Drainage

Odor Bleeding Drainage Pain

The nurse has received an order to catheterize a female client. What action should the nurse perform? -Advance the catheter until slight resistance is felt. -Lubricate 3 to 4 in of the catheter tip before insertion. -Once urine drains, advance the catheter another 2 to 3 inches (5 to 7.5 cm). -Using both hands, hold the catheter near the tip and insert slowly into the urethra.

Once urine drains, advance the catheter another 2 to 3 inches (5 to 7.5 cm).

While providing care to a client admitted to the health care facility, the client states that she has "a burning sensation when urinating." After further questioning, the nurse inspects the client's perineal area. Which sign/symptom would the nurse document as an abnormal finding? -Moist perineal skin -Presence of smegma -Reddened perineal skin - Absence of discharge

Reddened perineal skin

Which urinary care teaching will the nurse provide to a young adult female client? -Wipe from the back to the front. -Drink water more frequently in the morning and evening to facilitate hydration. -If you do not feel like voiding, still strain to make sure the bladder is empty. -Refrain from douching unless ordered by a health care provider.

Refrain from douching unless ordered by a health care provider.

A nurse is performing a client's intermittent closed catheter irrigation and realizes that the tubing was not clamped before introducing the irrigation solution. What would be the nurse's best response to this situation?

Repeat the irrigation

The nurse is engaged in collecting a urine specimen for a routine urinalysis from a client with an indwelling catheter. What nursing action has the greatest impact on the accuracy of the testing results?

Selecting this particular specimen port site

The nurse is inserting a urinary catheter into a 63-year-old male client and encounters resistance. What is the most likely cause of the resistance? -The diameter of the catheter is too large. -The nurse failed to deflate the retention balloon after pretesting it for integrity. -The client has an enlarged prostate. -The client has an occult abscess in the urethra.

The client has an enlarged prostate.

A client's BUN test results are significantly elevated. When reviewing the client's history, which finding is consistent with BUN elevation other than renal compromise?

The client is dehydrated

A nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a client being sent home with a peritoneal dialysis catheter in place. Which guideline should be included in the instructions? -A dressing should always be worn over the site to avoid leaking. -Sterile technique must be observed by the client in the home setting. -The client should avoid wearing tight clothes or belts near the site. -The client may bathe rather than shower, provided the site is covered with gauze.

The client should avoid wearing tight clothes or belts near the site.

A nurse is caring for a client who has just undergone surgery to create an ileal conduit for urinary elimination via a stoma. Which fact about this procedure should the nurse mention to the client? -The client will need to change the urinary pouch every 4 hours. -Urination can be voluntarily controlled after the stoma heals from the initial surgery. -This urinary diversion is only temporary. -The client will have to wear an external appliance to collect urine.

The client will have to wear an external appliance to collect urine.

A nurse uses a portable bladder ultrasound device to assess bladder volume for a client who is unable to void. Which statement accurately details information needed to interpret the results?

The device must be programmed for the biological sex of the client by pushing the correct button on the device.

A nurse is assisting a client with the use of a bedpan. The nurse understands that which statement about bedpans is true? -The largest part of a regular bedpan should be placed under the client's buttocks. -A regular bedpan is generally more comfortable for clients than a fracture bedpan. -A fracture bedpan should be used only for clients who have fractures of the femur or lower spine. -A fracture bedpan is preferred for urination and a regular bedpan is preferred for defecation.

The largest part of a regular bedpan should be placed under the client's buttocks.

The novice nurse is assessing the urinary bladder of a client with transient urinary incontinence. The nurse mentor would intervene if which action by the novice nurse is noted?

The novice nurse asks the client to urinate before palpating the bladder.

The nurse mentor is observing a novice nurse preparing to insert an indwelling catheter for a female client with urinary retention. The mentor would intervene if which action by the novice nurse is noted? - The novice nurse assists the client to a dorsal recumbent position with knees flexed, feet about 2 ft (0.6 m) apart. -The novice nurse selects an 18 French Foley catheter to insert. -The novice nurse places a trash receptacle within easy reach. -The novice nurse asks the client to take a deep breath when resistance was met during insertion of the catheter.

The novice nurse selects an 18 French Foley catheter to insert.

A nurse is caring for an older adult client at his home. The client has had a condom catheter applied. Which describes a condom catheter?

a flexible sheath that is rolled around the penis

The nurse is teaching a client how to perform pelvic floor muscle exercises (Kegel exercises). Which teaching will the nurse include? -Tighten the internal muscles used to prevent or interrupt urination. -Perform these exercises 10 times daily for 1 month. -Keep muscles contracted for at least 30 seconds. -Relax muscles for at least 1 minute between contractions.

Tighten the internal muscles used to prevent or interrupt urination.

The nurse is caring for a client with concerns of urinary incontinence. A review of the client's data collection reveals the client has a history of spinal surgery and states, "I urinate all the time and cannot predict when I will urinate." This data collection would suggest to the nurse that this client is experiencing which type of urinary incontinence? -Stress incontinence -Overflow incontinence -Total incontinence -Functional incontinence

Total incontinence

Use of an indwelling urinary catheter leads to the loss of bladder tone. True False

True

A nurse is assisting a client with the use of a urinal. The nurse recognizes that which statement about the use of a urinal is true?

Unless contraindicated, nurses should encourage clients to stand to use a urinal.

The nurse is choosing a collection device to collect urine from a nonambulatory male client? What would be the nurse's best choice? -Bedpan -Urinal -Large urine collection bag -Specimen hat

Urinal

A nurse who is right-handed is inserting a woman's indwelling urinary catheter. The nurse will use cotton balls and antiseptic solution to cleanse the woman's meatus and perineum. Which of the nurse's actions is most appropriate?

Use her left hand to spread the woman's labia and keep them spread until the catheter is inserted.

A nurse is preparing to measure a client's urine output. Which interventions would be of highest priority? -Noting the color and clarity of the urine -Wearing gloves when handling the urine -Using an appropriate measuring container -Measuring the urine container at eye level

Wearing gloves when handling the urine

A sterile urine specimen for culture and sensitivity has been ordered for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. How should the nurse obtain this specimen? -Collect a urine specimen from the collection bag first thing in the morning, or a few hours after the client receives a diuretic. -Withdraw several milliliters of urine from the port on the collection tubing, using a syringe and needle. -Discontinue the indwelling catheter and insert an intermittent catheter to obtain the sterile specimen. -Empty the collection bag, wait 30 minutes, and then collect the contents of the collection bag.

Withdraw several milliliters of urine from the port on the collection tubing, using a syringe and needle.

When collecting a urine sample from a client for examination, the nurse notes that the sample appears reddish-brown in color. What could cause this variation in color of the urine?

blood

The nurse is caring for a client who reports having cloudy, foul-smelling urine. Which other symptoms does the nurse anticipate that the client has? -episodes of clear urine mixed with episodes of cloudy urine -burning and frequency -difficulty starting the stream of urine -constipation and fluid overload

burning and frequency

The nurse is caring for a client who reports burning upon urination, and an ongoing sense of needing to urinate. Which urine characteristics does the nurse anticipate?

cloudy, foul odor

During his stay in the hospital, a male client has established a pattern of maintaining urinary continence during the day, but he is experiencing incontinence at night. What intervention should the nurse implement in this client's care?

condom catheter

A client has been n.p.o. after midnight for surgery. It is 11 a.m. and the nurse has asked her to void before being transferred to the surgical suite. The nurse should expect her urine to be what color? -colorless -dark amber -pale yellow -tea colored

dark amber

A client with a history of advanced liver disease comes to the emergency department (ED) with dehydration. White blood cell count shows elevation in bands and neutrophils. When preparing to catheterize the client, what color urine does the nurse anticipate will drain? -aromatic, green -clear, light yellow -reddish-brown, clear -dark brown, cloudy

dark brown, cloudy

The nurse has entered a client's room to empty the client's urine collection bag at the end of a busy shift. The nurse realizes that the client's urine output is 75 mL over the past 8 hours. The nurse would recognize that the client is experiencing: -polyuria. -oliguria. -nocturia. -anuria.

oliguria

The nurse is inserting a urinary catheter into a female client and has begun to inflate the balloon, an action that has caused the client to wince and cry out in pain. Consequently, the nurse should: -stop, deflate the balloon, withdraw the catheter 0.75 to 1.5 in (2 to 4 cm), and slowly reinflate. -deflate the balloon, withdraw the catheter, and use a smaller sized catheter. -wait for 30 seconds, help the client to relax, and attempt inflation again. -deflate the balloon, insert the catheter further, and slowly attempt reinflation.

deflate the balloon, insert the catheter further, and slowly attempt reinflation.

A 57-year-old man is suffering from polyuria. What can cause polyuria? -urinary tract infection -diabetes insipidus -renal disease -renal calculi

diabetes insipidus

A urinalysis has been ordered for a client. When is the best time for the client to provide a urine sample? -afternoon -before bedtime -evening -first thing in the morning

first thing in the morning

A client reports that he is often unable to retain urine until he locates a toilet because his mobility is decreased. The nurse should recognize the characteristics of what type of incontinence?

functional

A client in a long-term care facility becomes confused and disoriented at night and is incontinent during these periods of confusion due to the inability to find the commode. During the day, the client does not experience confusion and is continent. What type of incontinence is this client experiencing during the nighttime hours?

functional incontinence

A nurse drains the bladder of a client by inserting a catheter for 5 minutes. What type of catheter would the nurse use in this instance? -retention catheter -Foley catheter -indwelling urethral catheter -intermittent urethral catheter

intermittent urethral catheter

A client at the health care facility has been diagnosed with total urinary incontinence. How could the nurse describe the condition of the client?

loss of urine without any identifiable pattern or warning

A client is suspected of having a disease process affecting the functional unit of the kidney. Which stucture is most likely involved?

nephron

A client has a cerebrovascular accident and is incontinent of bowel and bladder. Incontinence of urine in this client is related to a: -neurogenic bladder. -overactive bladder. -enuresis. -cystocele.

neurogenic bladder.

The nurse is reviewing the urinalysis of a client suspected of having a urinary tract infection. The potential diagnosis will be supported by the presence of: -calculi. -protein. -casts. -pus.

pus

A laboratory test of a client's urine indicates the presence of pus in the urine. Which term is used to describe this type of urine?

pyuria

Which catheter would the nurse use to drain a client's bladder for short periods (5 to 10 minutes)?

straight catheter

A client reports to the nurse that after delivering a baby, she loses small amounts of urine each time she sneezes or laughs hard. Which type of incontinence does the nurse anticipate? -stress -total -reflex -urge

stress

Which type of incontinence is caused by pelvic floor muscle weakness?

stress

A nurse is caring for a client who has an infant age 4 months. The client informs the nurse that she has been experiencing a sudden loss of urine whenever she laughs; this is causing embarrassment to her. Which type of urinary incontinence is this client experiencing? -functional incontinence -urge incontinence -reflex incontinence -stress incontinence

stress incontinence

The nurse is caring for a client who has been experiencing nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea for 3 days. Which urine characteristics does the nurse anticipate? -clear, colorless -strongly aromatic, dark amber -cloudy, foul odor -light yellow, clear

strongly aromatic, dark amber

A female client is diagnosed with recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and the nurse is providing education about preventative methods. What information is important for the nurse to give to the client to prevent another UTI? Select all that apply. -Wear underwear with a cotton crotch. -Dry the perineal area after urination or defecation from the back to the front. -Avoid clothing that is tight and restrictive on the lower half of the body. -Drink two 8-oz glasses (480 mL) of water before and after sexual intercourse and void immediately after intercourse. -Take baths instead of showers.

-Drink two 8-oz glasses (480 mL) of water before and after sexual intercourse and void immediately after intercourse. -Wear underwear with a cotton crotch. -Avoid clothing that is tight and restrictive on the lower half of the body.

The client is preparing to obtain a clean-catch midstream urine specimen. List in order the steps needed to complete the diagnostic test. -Void a small amount into stool. Provide instruction to the client. -Secure the lid on the specimen container. -Clean the area surrounding the urinary meatus with the provided cloth. -Void into the provided collection device. -Submit collected specimen to the health care professional.

-Provide instruction to the client. -Clean the area surrounding the urinary meatus with the provided cloth. -Void a small amount into stool. -Void into the provided collection device. -Secure the lid on the specimen container. -Submit collected specimen to the health care professional.

A client at a health care facility is being treated for cancer of the bladder. The physician uses a urinary diversion to help the client with urinary elimination. What describes a urinary diversion? -use of a catheter to collect urine in a sterile environment -one or both of the ureters are surgically implanted elsewhere -hygiene measures used to keep meatus and adjacent area of the catheter clean -inability to control either urinary or bowel elimination

one or both of the ureters are surgically implanted elsewhere