ch. 38 Pharm
A client is prescribed sitagliptin. The nurse would expect to administer this drug by which route?
oral
The nurse is preparing to administer insulin intravenously to a client with a blood glucose level over 600 mg/dL (33.33 mmol/L). What type of insulin will the nurse most likely give?
regular insulin
The two major classifications of diabetes are type 1 and type 2. What is a distinguishing characteristic of type 1 diabetes?
: Lifelong exogenous insulin is required.
The nurse is discussing diabetes with a group of individuals who are at risk for the disease. Which statement by a participant indicates an understanding of the role of insulin in the disease?
"Insulin assists glucose molecules to enter the cells of muscle and fat tissues."
The nurse assesses a client's blood glucose level after administering insulin. Which result would the nurse interpret as indicative of severe hypoglycemia?
34 mg/dL
Which strategy will NOT increase the therapeutic effect of insulin?
All insulin should be stored in a refrigerator but never frozen.
The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed glyburide. Which factor, if identified in the client history, would cause the nurse to inform the health care provider of a contraindication to use?
Allergy to sulfonamides
A client who began treatment for type 2 diabetes 8 months ago is now meeting with a diabetic nurse for a scheduled follow-up. How can the nurse best assess the client's glycemic control since beginning treatment?
Assess the most recent hemoglobin A1C levels.
A female client visits the health care provider's office after routine labs are drawn. The nurse notes that her A1C is 9. How does the nurse interpret this finding?
Client's average blood glucose is above normal.
The nurse is educating a client who will be adding an injection of pramlintide to his insulin regimen. What information is most important for the nurse to share with this client to ensure safe medication administration?
Do not give pramlintide in the same site where insulin is administered.
Which would a nurse identify as an example of a sulfonylurea?
Glyburide
The nurse is preparing to administer 20 units of NPH insulin to a client. Before administering the medication, the nurse should implement which intervention?
Have a colleague confirm the dosage.
When administering insulin, what would be most appropriate?
Insert the needle at a 45-degree angle for injection.
A nurse at a health care facility is assigned to administer insulin to the patient. Which intervention should the nurse perform before administering each insulin dose?
Inspect the previous injection site for inflammation.
A client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse why the client cannot just take a pill. The nurse would incorporate what knowledge when responding to this client?
Insulin is needed because the beta cells of the pancreas are no longer functioning.
Which would be least appropriate when administering insulin by subcutaneous injection?
Massaging the site after removing the needle
A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes mellitus who is receiving an oral antidiabetic drug. Which of following ongoing assessments should the nurse perform when caring for this patient?
Observe the patient for hypoglycemic episodes.
A student asks the nursing instructor what insulin has the quickest therapeutic effect once administered. What would be the best response?
Regular (Humulin R)
After teaching a group of students about the various methods for the delivery of insulin, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which method as most commonly used for administration?
Subcutaneous injection
The nurse is providing education to a client who has been prescribed therapy with an antidiabetic medication. During teaching, the nurse will caution the client against heavy intake of which herb?
garlic
The nurse's assessment of a client who has presented to the emergency department reveals hyperglycemia. Which type of insulin will have the most rapid effect on the client's blood sugar levels?
aspart
What would alert the nurse to suspect that a client is developing ketoacidosis?
fruity breathe odor
A client has been noncompliant with the diabetic medication regimen and develops diabetic ketoacidosis. Which would the nurse assess?
deep respirations
A nurse is caring for a patient who has developed a hypoglycemic reaction. Which intervention should the nurse perform if swallowing and gag reflexes are present in the patient?
give oral fluids or candy
The nurse is interviewing a client who was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes four months ago. The client does not record glucometer readings. What laboratory test does the nurse anticipate the health care provider will order for this client?
hbA1c
When reviewing the medication list of a client being seen in the clinic, the nurse notes that the client is receiving glipizide. Based on the nurse's understanding, this drug is used to treat:
hyperglycemia.
A nurse at a health care facility is assigned to administer insulin to the patient. Which intervention should the nurse perform before administering each insulin dose?
inspect the sight for inflammation
After reviewing information about different insulin preparations, a nursing student demonstrates understanding of the information when the student identifies which medication as an example of a long-acting insulin?
insulin glargine
A client's current condition requires rapid reduction of blood sugar levels. Which type of insulin will have the most rapid onset of action?
insulin lispro
A 42-year-old male client is prescribed glargine insulin for management of his type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse caring for the client develops a teaching plan regarding glargine insulin therapy. Which statement made by the client indicates that the client needs additional teaching?
the medication will peak in 3 hours
A client with diabetes is undergoing testing for glycosylated hemoglobin. The nurse instructs the client that this test measures average blood glucose over what time period?
the past 3 or 4 months
The nurse is caring for a client who is taking insulin. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing hypoglycemia when the client displays what signs?
weakness, sweating, and decreased mentation.
