Ch 4 NFS

A person with prediabetes has a fasting blood glucose level of _____. a. 100-125 mg/dL b. >150 mg/dL c. <70 mg/dL d. 126-150 mg/dL e. 70-100 mg/dL

a. 100-125 mg/dL

People on strict lactose-free diets need to read labels and avoid foods with four of the following ingredients except one. Which is an acceptable food for this diet? a. gluten b. milk solids c. milk d. casein e. whey

a. gluten

Which of the following statements is not true about carbohydrate structures? a.Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose linked to galactose. b.Complex carbohydrates are polysaccharides consisting of many glucose units joined together. c.Maltose is a disaccharide composed of glucose linked to glucose. d.Lactose is a disaccharide composed of glucose linked to galactose. e.Simple carbohydrates include monosaccharides and disaccharides.

a. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose linked to galactose.

The action of bacterial enzymes on fiber in the large intestine results in the _____. a. release of short-chain fatty acids b. release of small amounts of polysaccharides c. release of amylase d. release of acid secretions e. delay of gastric emptying

a. release of short-chain fatty acids

How is glycogen typically stored in the body? a. 1/2 in the liver and 1/2 in the muscle cells b. 1/4 in the liver and 3/4 in the muscle cells c. 1/2 in the muscle cells, 1/4 in the peripheral tissues, and 1/4 in the stomach d. 3/4 in muscle tissue and 1/4 in brain tissue e. 100 percent in muscle cells

b. 1/4 in the liver and 3/4 in the muscle cells

Research studies suggest that a high-fiber diet protects against _____. a. gluten intolerance b. heartburn c. colon cancer d. lactose intolerance e. acid reflux

c. colon cancer

Storage forms of glucose in living things include _____. a. fibers and disaccharides b. maltose and sucrose c. fats and lactose d. glycogen and starch e. phytates and viscous fibers

d. glycogen and starch

Which of the following compounds is produced by the liver during the breakdown of fat when carbohydrates are not available? a. glucagon b. beta cells c. insulin d. ketone bodies e. gastric acids

d. ketone bodies

Which of the following sugars is not found in plant foods? a.glucose b.maltose c.fructose d.lactose e.sucrose

d.lactose

Total fiber refers to the sum of _____. a. functional and viscous fibers b. insoluble fibers and starch c. starch and cellulose d. dietary and viscous fibers e. dietary and functional fibers

e. dietary and functional fibers

Low blood glucose stimulates which organ(s) to release glucagon into the bloodstream? a. kidneys b. spleen c. liver d. gallbladder e. pancreas

e. pancreas

The warning label that appears on products containing NutraSweet (aspartame) is necessary to prevent problems for people with ____. a. diabetes b. slow digestion c. cardiac disease d. fat absorption e. phenylketonuria

e. phenylketonuria

Which food ranks low on the glycemic index? a. white rice b. popcorn c. watermelon d. barley e. sweet potato

d. barley

A typical serving of fruits contains an average of about _____. a. 10 grams of carbohydrates b. 15 grams of carbohydrates c. 6 grams of carbohydrates d. 30 grams of carbohydrates e. 20 grams of carbohydrates

b. 15 grams of carbohydrates

High-fructose corn syrup is composed of fructose and glucose in an approximate ratio of _____. a. 40:60 b. 25:75 c. 50:50 d. 75:25 e. 60:40

c. 50:50

Dietary fiber is found is good amounts in four of the following foods except one. What food has the lowest amount of dietary fiber? a. carrots b. apples c. chicken breasts d. beans e. whole-wheat crackers

c. chicken breasts

Fructose and galactose are mostly metabolized in which organ? a. small intestine b. kidney c. gallbladder d. stomach e. liver

e. liver

All of the following statements are true about carbohydrates except: a. Complex carbohydrates include starch, fruit juice, and fiber. b. Simple carbohydrates include sugars. c. All carbohydrates are made up of monosaccharides. d. Plants are the major source of carbohydrates in our diet. e. A diet containing too much simple sugar can be harmful to health.

a. Complex carbohydrates include starch, fruit juice, and fiber.