ch 41

38. A 13-month-old male toddler has been admitted for oral rehydration after a bout of acute diarrhea. His mother is distraught, because nothing she has tried at home appears to be helping. The child is listless, is irritable, and displays increased thirst. After drinking, he either vomits or has another loose stool. The physician has ordered oral rehydration solution (ORS) at a rate of 50 mL/kg over 4 hours. The toddler weighs 20.2 pounds. For every episode of vomiting or diarrhea, another 60 to 120 mL of ORS should be added. During the first 4 hours of treatment, the patient experiences two instances of diarrhea. Calculate the amount of ORS that should be given. Record your answer as a range (ex. 20-30).

- 580-700

9. A child has a nasogastric (NG) tube after surgery for acute appendicitis. The purpose of the NG tube is to: a. Maintain electrolyte balance b. Maintain an accurate record of output c. Prevent the spread of infection d. Prevent abdominal distention

D. to prevent abdominal distention. The NG tube is used to maintain gastric decompression until intestinal activity returns.The NG tube may adversely affect electrolyte balance by removing stomach secretions.NG drainage is one part of the child's output. The nurse would need to incorporate the NG drainage with other output.There is no relationship between the NG tube and prevention of the spread of infection.

4. The parents of an infant with cleft palate (CP) report the following, "Our child can't eat properly and is not getting proper nutrition." What does the nurse suggest to the parents? a. "The infant needs to be fed parenterally." b. "The infant needs a pigeon bottle for feeding." c. "The infant will eat properly when 5 years old." d. "The infant will never be able to feed properly."

-B "the infant needs a pigeon bottle for feeding"

22. The nurse is caring for a boy with probable intussusception. He had diarrhea before admission; but, while waiting for administration of air pressure to reduce the intussusception, he passes a normal brown stool. What is the most appropriate nursing action? a. Notify the physician. b. Measure the abdominal girth. c. Auscultate for bowel sounds. d.Take vital signs, including blood pressure.

A Notify physician Passage of a normal stool indicates that the intussusception has resolved. Notification of the physician is essential to determine whether a change in the treatment plan is indicated.Measurement of the abdominal girth may be indicated, but notifying the physician is the priority.Auscultating for bowel sounds may be indicted, but notifying the physician is the priority.Taking the vital signs, including the blood pressure, may be indicated, but notifying the physician is the priority.

48. Which statement best describes Hirschsprung's disease? a. The colon has an aganglionic segment. b. There is a passage of excessive amounts of meconium in the neonate. c. It results in excessive peristaltic movements within the gastrointestinal tract. d. It results in frequent evacuation of solids, liquids, and gas.

A The colon has an aganglionic segment. Hirschsprung disease is a mechanical obstruction caused by a lack of motility of a segment of the intestine as a result of the lack of ganglionic cells; therefore, it is referred to as aganglionic megacolon.Hirschsprung disease is associated with a neonate's inability to pass meconium or an older child's inability to pass feces.There is a lack of peristalsis in the affected segment of the infant or child with Hirschsprung disease.The infant or child with Hirschsprung disease will be seen with constipation or the passage of ribbon-like stools.

52. The nurse is teaching to a group of nursing trainees on food allergies of children. What are the points that the nurse should mention to the trainees? Select all that apply. a. "Educate the parents and teachers regarding symptoms of food allergies." b. "Educate people with known food allergies to avoid unknown foods and restaurants." c. "Educate mothers to breastfeed their infants to provide immunity against allergens." d. "Educate the parents to ignore the ingredient list on food that is sold commercially." e. "Educate the people to refuse admission to children in day care center with known food allergies."

A. "Educate The parents and teachers regarding symptoms of food allergies." B. "Educate People with known food allergies to avoid unknown foods and restaurants." C. "Educate Mothers to breastfeed their infants to provide immunity against allergens."

17. The nurse is taking a parent education class on prevention of hepatitis among children. What are the preventive measures that the nurse should state? A. "Wash hands regularly before eating." B. "Administer Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG)." C. "Eat clams and oysters to get immunity from hepatitis." D. "Vaccinate all newborns with HBV or hepatitis B vaccine." E. "Use drugs such as aspirin (Ecotrin) and acetaminophen (Tylenol)."

A. "Wash hands regularly before eating." B. "Administer Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG)." D. "Vaccinate all newborns with HBV or hepatitis B vaccine."

56. A nursing trainer is teaching malabsorption in children to the trainees. While teaching celiac disease what are the points that the trainer will mention? a. "It is gluten-induced." b. "It is an autoimmune disease." c. "It is characterized by bloody diarrhea." d. "It is characterized by currant jelly stool." e. "It can be stalled by observing proper infant feeding practice."

A. ''It is gluten-induced.'' B. It is an autoimmune disease. E. "It can be stalled by observing proper infant feeding processes

43. What are the different conditions that might lead to vitamin D deficiency in children or infants? A. Children who are on a diet that is deficient in vitamin D B. Children who play in sun and are overexposed to sunlight C. Children breastfed by mothers who are vitamin D deficient D. Children who are suffering from recurrent bacterial disease E. Children with dark skin pigmentation with less exposure to sunlight

A. Children who are on a diet that is deficient in vitamin D C. Children breastfed by mothers who are vitamin D deficient E. Children with dark skin pigmentation with less exposure to sunlight

40. The nursing trainer is taking a class on congenital esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). What are the reasons that the trainer will mention as the causes for the disease? a. Incidence of preterm birth is high. b. History of maternal polyhydramnios is common. c. The percentage of male child suffering from the disorder is higher d. It is one of the most common esophageal malformations in neonates. e. Birth weights of most of the diseased infants are more than the average.

A. Incidence of preterm birth is high. B. History of maternal polyhydramnios is common. D. It is one of the most common esophageal malformations in neonates.

18., What should the nurse consider when providing support to a family whose infant has just been diagnosed with biliary atresia? a. Liver transplantation may be needed eventually. b. Death usually occurs by 6 months of age. c. The prognosis for full recovery is excellent. d. Children with surgical correction live normal lives.

A. Liver transplantation may be needed eventually. Approximately 80% to 90% of children with biliary atresia will require liver transplantation.If the condition is untreated, death will usually occur by 2 years of age. Long-term survival is possible with surgical intervention.Liver transplantation is usually required for long-term survival.Even with surgical intervention, most children progress to liver failure and require transplantation.

8. A patient has been admitted with nausea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting. The parents report the child had vegetable teriyaki for dinner. What does the nurse tell the parents? "The child may: A. "The child may have a soy allergy." B. "The child may have a shellfish allergy." C. "The child may be suffering from Rotavirus diarrhea." D. "The child may be suffering from Meckel Diverticulum."

A. The child may have a soy allergy

28. What type of intercurrent infection may occur in a patient with marasmus? A. Tuberculosis B. Cystic fibrosis C. Mad cow disease D. Sickle cell anemia

A. Tuberculosis

3. A 2-month-old breastfed infant is successfully rehydrated with oral rehydration solutions for acute diarrhea. Instructions to the mother about breastfeeding should include to: a. continue breastfeeding. b. stop breastfeeding until breast milk is cultured. c. stop breastfeeding until diarrhea is absent for 24 hours. d. express breast milk and dilute with sterile water before feeding.

A. continue breastfeeding

33. A nurse is taking the history of a new 8-year-old patient. The child is in the foster care system, and little information is known. The child reports being prescribed an epinephrine auto-injector pen for a "food allergy." Which foods are likely allergens for this patient? Select all that apply. A. Eggs B. Beef C. Dairy D. Peanuts E. Potatoes

A. eggs C. dairy D. peanuts

30. After performing a few tests on a patient, it was revealed that the patient is incapable of absorbing fat-soluble vitamins. What are the correct assumptions that the nurse can infer from the data? SATA a. Scurvy b. Beriberi c. Pellagra d. Cystic fibrosis e. Short-bowel syndrome

D Cystic fibrosis E Short bowel syndrome

27. An infant is brought to the emergency room with symptoms consistent with gastroesophageal reflux disease. The physician prescribes a trial of medication to evaluate the effectiveness of symptom reduction. Which drug's use is considered controversial? a. Cimetidine b. Rantidine c. Omeprazole d. Metoclopramide

D Metoclopramide

39. The nurse is teaching a group of students about malnutrition and its deleterious effects on children. What are the different etiologies associated with malnutrition that the nurse should discuss? a. Hypoxia b. Diarrhea c. Anorexia d. Parental illiteracy e. Economic factors

B. Diarrhea D. Parental illiteracy E. Economic factors

55. The nurse is caring for a newborn with fever, moderate anorexia, and jaundice. What type of infection does the child have? A. Hepatitis A B. Hepatitis B C. Peptic ulcer D. Appendicitis

B. Hepatitis B

10. The nurse is treating a child with dehydration. What are the symptoms that the nurse should look for? Select all that apply. a. Flatulence b. Tissue hypoxia c. Hypovolemic shock d. Fall in BP e. Edema of face with itchy tongue

B. Tissue hypoxia C. Hypovolemic shock D. Fall in blood pressure

23. A child is admitted to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain. The nurse observes that the child is screaming and drawing the knees toward the chest. During assessment, the nurse detects a palpable, sausage-shaped mass in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen. What can the nurse deduce from these symptoms and findings? The child has: a. Hiatal hernia b. Intussusception c. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome d. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

B. intussusception.

53. A patient has been admitted with complaints of bloody stools. The nurse observes that the stool is dark red with mucus and looks like currant jelly. The patient does not complain of any pain during rectal bleeding. The nurse can infer from this set of symptoms that the patient is suffering from what? a. Giardiasis b. Ascariasis c. Meckel diverticulum d. Hirschsprung's disease

C Meckel diverticulum

1. A patient is admitted with the symptoms of jaundice, poor growth, anorexia, edema, and GI bleeding. The parents of the patient state that the patient has been suffering from chronic hepatitis,. What can the nurse infer from the condition of the patient? A. Peptic ulcer B. Appendicitis C. Cirrhosis of liver D. Gastroesophageal reflux

C. Cirrhosis of liver

47. A child was detected with volvulus. After the operation the child is suffering from short-bowel syndrome (SBS). What is the correct therapeutic measure that the nurse caring for the patient should take? a. Stimulate intestinal adaptation with parenteral feeding b. Avoid using pharmacologic agents after discontinuation of PN c. Maintain optimal nutrition status while intestinal adaptation occurs d. Discontinue parenteral nutrition (PN) without providing any supportive therap

C. Maintain optimal nutrition status while intestinal adaptation occurs.

21. An infant is admitted with excessive salivation and drooling accompanied with coughing, choking, and cyanosis. What can the nurse infer from the symptoms? a. Severe dehydration b. Gastroesophageal reflux c. Tracheoesophageal fistula d. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia

C. Tracheoesophageal fistula

41. A child is admitted with jaundice and cholestasis. The nurse observes yellow discoloration of skin and the sclerae. The child's serum bilirubin is 5 mg/dL, which is not very high. What can the nurse infer from the symptoms? The child is suffering from: A. Giardiasis B. Hepatitis B C. Biliary atresia (BA) D. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

C. biliary atresia (BA).

42. A child has been admitted with symptoms of hypersecretion of gastric acid, intractable ulcer disease, and intestinal malabsorption. What can the nurse infer from these symptoms? The child has: A. Giardiasis B. Traveler's diarrhea C. Hirschsprung's disease D. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

D. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

46. Parents of a 2-year-old child report the child has had diarrhea for the last 2 weeks. The parents state that undigested food particles are visible in the loose stool passed by the child. The nurse observes that the child is properly nourished and stool is devoid of blood. What does the nurse suspect the child is suffering from? The child has: A. Chronic diarrhea B. Food poisoning or botulism C. Intractable diarrhea of infancy D. Chronic nonspecific diarrhea (CNSD)

D. chronic nonspecific diarrhea (CNSD).

2. Which diet is most appropriate for the child with celiac disease? a. Salt-free diet b. Phenylalanine-free diet c. Low-gluten diet d. High-calorie, low-protein, low-fat diet

c. low gluten Celiac disease is characterized by intolerance of gluten, the protein found in wheat, barley, rye, and oats. A low-gluten diet is indicated for life.The diet for a child with celiac disease does not have to be salt free.A low-phenylalanine diet is indicated in phenylketonuria.The diet of a child with celiac disease should be high in calories and protein and low in fat, in addition to the low-gluten requirement.

16. Which two minerals in an infant's diet are found to be taken inadequately by a significant number of infants?

- iron - Zinc

20. The nurse caring for a child admitted with acute diarrhea and dehydration. What is the accurate step the nurse should take? a. Monitor the intravenous (IV) fluid every day b. Send soiled diapers to the laboratory for testing c. Monitor body temperature by a rectal thermometer d. Administer fluid through mouth for the first 48 hour

A. Monitor the intravenous (IV) fluid every day.

35. A child was detected with volvulus. After the operation the child is suffering from short-bowel syndrome (SBS). What is the correct therapeutic measure that the nurse caring for the patient should take?

- Milkshakes

60. The nurse is planning for nutritional support to a patient suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). What will be the most suitable combination food for the patient?

- Milkshakes

54. A patient is admitted with protein-energy malnutrition caused by persistent diarrhea. Which step should the nurse follow to treat the patient?

- Rehydration with oral rehydrates

59. A 2-year-old is admitted in the pediatrics division with an edematous face and pruritus involving lips and tongue. The parents tell the nurse that the child has eaten pineapple for the first time. What does the nurse infer from the condition of the child?

- The child is suffering from allergy syndrome

26. The nurse is taking a parent education class on prevention of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) in the children. What are the suggestions that the nurse should give to the parents?

- To take nutritious food during pregnancy - To breastfeed the child for the first 6 months - To administer measels, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine

37. A child is admitted to the hospital and diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. For which associated symptoms should the nurse evaluate the patient? Select all that apply.

- Diarrhea - Anorexia - Joint pain - Rectal bleeding

13. The nurse is teaching a class on nutrition. One of the students enquires about the diseases caused by extreme malnutrition. What should be the nurse's response?

- Marasmus - Kwashiorkor

7. One of the parents of a child calls the clinic and asks, "We want to visit a seafood joint on my child's birthday. I am allergic to shellfish. Is there a chance that my child will also be allergic to shellfish?'' What response does the nurse give the parent? "Your child: a. "Your child has 100% chance of suffering from food allergy." b. "Your child has a 50% chance of suffering from shellfish allergy." c. "Your child will not be allergic to shellfish it is not transmitted from parents." d. "Your child will be allergic to shellfish if only your spouse suffers from allergy."

B. "Your child has a 50% chance of suffering from shellfish allergy."

11. An infant with neurologic impairment and delay is receiving several medications. A proton pump inhibitor is one of the medications the infant is receiving. Which medication(s) is/are proton pump inhibitor(s)? a. Ranitidine (Zantac) b. Omeprazole (Prilosec) c. Pantoprazole (Protonix) d. Glycopyrrolate (Robinul) e. Bethanechol (Urecholine)

B. Omeprazole (Prilosec) C. Pantoprazole (Protonix)

32. An infant is admitted with difficulty in passing stool, abdominal distention, and ribbon-like stools. Which disease does the nurse suspect from the given symptoms? a. Rectal atresia b. Rectal stenosis c. Malrotation and volvulus d. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS)

B. Rectal stenosis

44. The nurse is caring for a neonate that suffers from respiratory distress after feedings. The nurse knows from reviewing the patient's medical history, that the mother has a history of polyhydramnios. The nurse suspects the neonate may have tracheoesopheagal fistula (TEF). What does the nurse expect the health care provider's next step will be? A. Schedule a surgery for the neonateCorrect B. Schedule the neonate for radiographic examinations C. Shift the patient to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) D. Discharge the patient after administering intravenous (IV) fluid

B. Schedule the neonate for radiographic examinations.

19. A child is admitted to the emergency department (ED) with profuse diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. During assessment, the nurse observes the patient also has hypothermia. The parents reported the child ate cheese approximately 1 hour prior to being admitted to the ED. They reported that the cheese had been stored in the refrigerator, but the refrigerator hadn't been working properly for a couple of days prior to being admitted to the ED. What does the nurse infer from the assessment and conversation with the parents? The child is: A. The child is allergic to cow's milk. B. The child is suffering from food poisoning. C. The child is suffering from Yersinia enterocolitica infection. D. The child is suffering from nontyphoidal Salmonella infection.

B. The child is suffering from food poisoning.

12. Management of the child with a peptic ulcer often includes: a. milk at frequent intervals. b. proton pump inhibitors. c. antacids 1 and 3 hours before meals and at bedtime. d. coping with stress and adjusting to chronic illness.

B. proton pump inhibitors. Proton pump inhibitors block the production of acid. They are well tolerated and have infrequent side effects.Milk is not beneficial in the management of peptic ulcer disease.Proton pump inhibitors are more effective than antacids.Coping with stress is beneficial, but peptic ulcer disease is treatable

50. A school-age child with acute diarrhea and mild dehydration is being given oral rehydration solution (ORS). The child's mother calls the clinic nurse because he is also vomiting occasionally. What should the nurse recommend? a. Bring the child to the hospital for intravenous fluids. b. Alternate giving ORS and carbonated drinks. c. Continue to give ORS frequently in small amounts. d. Institute a nothing by mouth (NPO) status for the child for 8 hours, and resume ORS if vomiting has subsided.

C Continuing to give the child ORS frequently in small amounts Vomiting is not a contraindication to the use of ORS unless it is severe. The mother should continue to give the ORS in small amounts and at frequent intervals.For a school-age child with mild dehydration, rehydration can be safely done at home with oral solutions.Carbonated drinks should not be used. They may have a high carbohydrate content and contain caffeine, which is a diuretic and could exacerbate fluid loss and dehydration.NPO status is not indicated. Small, frequent intake of ORS is recommended.

5. A mother of an infant tells the nurse, ''I rely on cow's whole milk rather than infant formula.'' What should be the appropriate response of the nurse? a. "Continue giving cow's milk because it is nutritious for the infant.'' b. "Dilute the milk with water and mix chocolate to avoid stomach upset.'' c. "Feed infant formula for the correct intake of calcium and phosphorus.'' d. "Buy pasteurized cow's milk, since that contains high amount of minerals."

C. "Feed infant formula for the correct intake of calcium and phosphorus"

49. An infant patient is allergic to egg. The parents are concerned about measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination. What should be the appropriate response of the nurse? a. ''There is no need of vaccination until the patient reaches adulthood.'' b. ''There is no need for vaccination, it might give severe allergic reactions.'' c. ''The child should be vaccinated with the MMR vaccine in spite of egg allergy.'' d. ''The influenza vaccine must be taken; there is no need for the MMR vaccine.''

C. ''The child should be vaccinated with the MMR vaccine in spite of egg allergy.''

14. What should the nurse include in the plan of care when teaching an adolescent with Crohn's disease? a. Preventing the spread of illness to others and nutritional guidance b. Adjusting to chronic illness and preventing the spread of illness to others c. Coping with stress and adjusting to chronic illness d. Nutritional guidance and preventing constipation

C. Coping with stress and adjusting to chronic illness Crohn disease is a chronic disease with life-altering complications. The nursing interventions include helping the child cope with stress and adjust to the illness. Nutritional guidance is necessary, but Crohn disease is not infectious. Adjustment to chronic illness is necessary, but Crohn disease is not infectious .Nutritional guidance is necessary, but constipation is not an issue.

57. The nurse is discussing home care with a mother whose 6-year-old child has hepatitis A. What action should the nurse include? a. Bed rest is important until 1 week after the icteric phase. b. The child should not return to school until 3 weeks after the icteric phase. c. Reassure the mother that hepatitis A cannot be transmitted to other family members. d. Teach infection control measures to family members.

D Teach infection control measures to family members Hepatitis A is a contagious disease, transmitted through the fecal-oral route. The nurse should teach infection control measures to family members.Hepatitis A does not usually have an icteric phase and often is subclinical.The period of communicability for hepatitis A is the latter half of the incubation period to 1 week after the onset of clinical illness; therefore, the child can return to school after that time frame.Hepatitis A is infectious through the fecal-oral route; therefore, family members may be susceptible to acquiring the disease if they fail to institute proper infection control measures.

29. Therapeutic management of the child with an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes a diet that has which component? a. low protein. b. low calorie. c. high fiber. d. vitamin supplements.

D Vitamin supplements Multivitamins, iron, and folic acid supplementation are recommended for the child with IBD.A high-protein, high-calorie diet is needed to help correct nutritional deficits.A high-calorie, high-protein diet is needed to help correct nutritional deficits.A high-fiber diet is not recommended for IBD. Even small amounts of bran have been associated with a worsening of the child's condition.

58. When evaluating the extent of an infant's dehydration, the nurse should recognize that the symptoms of severe dehydration include: a. tachycardia, decreased tears, 5% weight loss. b. normal pulse and blood pressure, intense thirst. c. irritability, moderate thirst, normal eyes and fontanels. d. tachycardia, parched mucous membranes, sunken eyes and fontanels

D tachycardia, parched mucous membranes, sunken eyes and fontanel. Symptoms of severe dehydration include tachycardia, parched mucous membranes, and sunken eyes and fontanels.In severe dehydration, there is a 15% weight loss in infants, not 5%, although the infant will exhibit tachycardia and decreased tears.Tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension and shock, and intense thirst would be expected in an infant with severe dehydration.The infant would be extremely irritable, with sunken eyes and fontanels, if severely dehydrated.

24. One of the parents of a child tells the nurse, "My child loves to eat spinach and is inspired by an animated character who loves spinach. Spinach is good for health, isn't it?" What should be the appropriate response of the nurse? A. "Spinach is good for health; feed it to your child daily.' 'B. "Do not give spinach at night, it might cause vomiting.'' C. "Your child will love spinach capsules as well; they come in different flavors.'' D. "Spinach is not the best source of iron and calcium; give your child a balanced diet.''

D. "Spinach is not the best source of iron and calcium; give your child a balanced diet.''

31. The nursing instructor is giving a lecture on vitamin deficiency. After the lecture, the instructors asks a student nurse, " What do you think will be the result if the patient takes inadequate amount of vitamin B 12?" What should be the appropriate response of the student nurse? "The patient will suffer from: A. "The patient will suffer from rickets." B. "The patient will suffer from scurvy." C. "The patient will suffer from diarrhea and infection." D. "The patient will suffer from neurologic impairment."

D. "The patient will suffer from neurologic impairment."

15. The primary health care provider has prescribed a small amount of dairy foods to a lactose-intolerant child. The mother wants to confirm with the nurse, so she asks, "Should I feed my child a little milk everyday or should I avoid giving it daily?" How does the nurse respond? A. "You should feed milk products once a week only." B. "You should not feed the child any milk-related products.'' C. "You can feed milk products only after the child is 10 years old." D. "You should feed the child a small amount of milk products every day."

D. "You should feed the child a small amount of milk products every day."

45. The nurse is planning the diet of a child suffering from acute diarrhea. What does the nurse include in the nutrition plan? a. Beef broth and caffeinated soda b. Fruit juice and carbonated soft drinks c. Banana, rice, applesauce and toast d. Cereals and cooked vegetables along with oral rehydrated solution

D. Cereals and cooked vegetables along with oral rehydrated solution (ORS)

36. The nurse is treating a child with vitamin deficiency. What should be the primary concern of the nurse while treating vitamin A deficiency? A. Rickets B. Diarrhea C. Hypertension D. Microcytic anemia

D. Diarrhea

6. The nurse assesses the neonate immediately after birth. A tracheoesophageal fistula should be suspected if which condition is present? a. jaundice. b. bile-stained vomitus. c. absence of sucking. d. excessive amount of frothy saliva in the mouth.

D. Excessive amount of frothy saliva in the mouth Excessive salivation and drooling are indicative of tracheoesophageal fistulas. With a fistula, the child has difficulty managing the secretions, which may cause choking, coughing, and cyanosis.Jaundice is not usually associated with a tracheoesophageal fistula.Bile-stained vomitus is not usually associated with a tracheoesophageal fistula.The infant is able to suck with a tracheoesophageal fistula but is not able to manage the secretions.

59. The nurse suspects a patient may have hepatitis B. What test does the nurse expect the health care provider will order to confirm the disease? A. Tape test B. Radionucleotide scintigraphy C. Radioallergosorbent test (RAST) D. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test

D. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test

25. A parent calls the pediatrician's office because his or her 4-month-old infant has been having watery stools for 24 hours. There are no other symptoms. What would the nurse suggest? a. Feed the patient bananas b. Give the patient oral electrolyte solution c. Give the patient antidiarrheal medication d. Take the patient to the emergency room for evaluation

D. Take the patient to the emergency room for evaluation.

34. A parent brings their 3-year-old child to the clinic. The parent reports the child has recurring diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. Upon examination, the nurse notes the presence of mucoid diarrhea. What does the nurse infer from the symptoms? The patient is suffering from diarrhea caused by: A. Rotavirus B. Escherichia coli C. Salmonella groups D. Yersinia enterocolitica

D. Yersinia enterolitica