Ch 42 Sonographic Evaluation of the Female Pelvis

Multiparous uterus to cervix ratio

2cm greater than nulliparous uterus???

21. Ovarian arteries arise from what larger vessel?

aorta

Nulliparous uterus to cervix ratio

cervix is 1/3 the uterine length

10. What is the consequence of soaking the probe for longer than recommended?

damage to the transducer face may occur

3. The proper patient prep for transabdominal pelvic ultrasound is to have the patient do what?

drink 32 oz. of fluid, 1 hour prior to examination

17. The best sonographic marker for visualization of the ovary is what structure?

follicular cysts

5. Proper distention of the bladder is noted when the bladder covers what structure (Organ and anatomic subdivision)?

fundus of the uterus

2. Transabdominal sonography provides a ________________ overview of the pelvis.

global

13. Explain how the endometrium changes during the menstrual cycle

in the early proliferative phase, *days 1-4*, endometrium appears as single thin line. *Days 5-9* of proliferative phase, the endometrial complex is thin (6mm) and becomes thicker (10mm) from *days 10-14* (which is the late proliferative phase). *Days 15-28* (secretory [luteal] phase), the endometrium is at its thickest (7-14mm)

20. When echogenic foci are seen in the ovary, it is thought to represent what

inclusion cysts and associated calcifications

11. What is the toxic and caustic chemical base of most transducer disinfectants now in use?

nonglutaraldehyde

1. Accurate correlation of ultrasound exam findings with appropriate differential diagnoses is the result of taking a thorough ________________.

patient history questionnaire

9. What is the proper technique for disinfecting a transvaginal probe at a clinical site where a soaking disinfectant is used?

probe is disinfected for 10-20 minutes

7. Another name for translabial ultrasound

transperineal

19. What is the formula for ovarian volume

0.523 = length X thickness X width

18. The normal range for measurement of a mature graafian follicle

1.8-2.4cm

14. Explain the phases of the ovarian cycle

The first phase of the ovarian cycle is the follicular phase, during which a follicle enlarges and matures. This phase is under the control of FSH and lasts from day 1 to day 14 of the menstrual cycle. The second stage of the ovarian cycle is the luteal phase,which begins when the graafian follicle ruptures and an ovum is released

8. Describe how to prepare the transvaginal transducer for scanning.

Transducer is prepared with gel on the transducer face, and is then covered with a sterile probe cover

4. The patient's full bladder acts as an ________________ to aid in visualization of the Uterus and ovaries.

acoustic window

Postmenopausal uterus to cervix ratio

cervix is 2/3 size of uterine length

12. Neonatal/ Prepubertal uterus to cervix ratio

cervix occupies 2/3 of the uterine length

15. The most common location for the ovaries

lateral to the uterus, and anteromedial to the iliac vessels

sagittal TV scan orientation

note: inferior is synonymous with the term caudal, and superior is AKA cranial

6. In order to obtain optimal transvaginal images, what must the happen prior to beginning the procedure?

patient must empty bladder completely

16. Give a sonographic description of a corpus luteum cyst

unilocular, andechoic strctures with well-defined, thin walls and posterior acoustic enhancement (they may have a thicker wall/peripheral rim of color when using color doppler)