Ch 48 Management of Patients with Kidney Disorders
Patient education regarding a fistulae or graft includes which of the following? Select all that apply. Check daily for thrill and bruit. Avoid compression of the site. No IV or blood pressure taken on extremity with dialysis access. No tight clothing. Cleanse site b.i.d.
Check daily for thrill and bruit. Avoid compression of the site. No IV or blood pressure taken on extremity with dialysis access. No tight clothing. Explanation: The nurse teaches the patient with fistulae or grafts to check daily for a thrill and bruit. Further teaching includes avoiding compression of the site; not permitting blood to be drawn, an IV to be inserted, or blood pressure to be taken on the extremity with the dialysis access; not to wear tight clothing, carry bags or pocketbooks on that side, and not lie on or sleep on the area. The site is not cleansed unless it is being accessed for hemodialysis.
A nurse is assessing a client with acute renal failure. What medications should the nurse identify as a nephrotoxic drug? Select all that apply. Penicillin Gentamycin Tobramycin Neomycin Ceftriaxone
Gentamycin Tobramycin Neomycin Explanation: The kidneys are sensitive to the metabolic byproducts from aminoglycosides such as gentamycin, tobramycin, and neomycin. Penicillin and ceftriaxone are not known to be nephrotoxic.
Based on the pathophysiologic changes that occur as renal failure progresses, the nurse identifies the following indicators associated with the disease. Select all that apply. Hyperkalemia Metabolic alkalosis Anemia Hyperalbuminemia Hypocalcemia
Hyperkalemia Anemia Hypocalcemia Explanation: Hyperkalemia is due to decreased potassium excretion and excessive potassium intake. Metabolic acidosis results from decreased acid secretion by the kidney. A damaged glomerular membrane causes excess protein loss.
The nurse is caring for a postoperative client who reports difficulty urinating. The client does not have a urinary catheter in place. Which nursing action(s) are most appropriate at this time? Select all that apply. Run water to assist in the let-down reflex. Assist to the bathroom. Place a urinary catheter. Assist the client to stand. Measure urinary output.
Run water to assist in the let-down reflex. Assist to the bathroom. Assist the client to stand. Measure urinary output. Explanation: The nurse encourages the client to void within 8 hours of surgery to minimize the risk of a urinary tract infection. Ambulating the client to the bathroom promotes normal body positioning for urination. Running water is a common psychological strategy to cause urination. Offering to catheterize is a last option, and a prescription for catheterization must be in place for the nurse to proceed.