CH 5
Chemical messages often sent between two members of a species to communicate something about reproductive status are called ________.
pheromones
The visible spectrum includes light that ranges from about ________.
400-700 nm
The audible range for humans is ________.
20-20,000 Hz
sensory receptors
Specialized cells unique to each sense organ that respond to a particular form of sensory stimulation.
The smallest amount of a stimulus that a person can reliably detect is called
absolute threshold.
Cues that require two ears are referred to as ________ cues.
binaural
________ depth cues require the use of both eyes.
binocular
The three ossicles of the middle ear are known as ________.
both a and b
Chemical senses include
both taste and smell.
Our tendency to perceive things as complete objects rather than as a series of parts is known as the principle of ________.
closure
Hearing aids might be effective for treating ________.
conductive hearing loss
________ operate best under bright light conditions.
cones
The main point of focus in a visual display is known as the ________.
figure
In the process of perception, the brain
forms meaningful impressions by piecing together sensory information.
The ________ is a small indentation of the retina that contains cones.
fovea
________ serve as sensory receptors for temperature and pain stimuli.
free nerve endings
The optic nerve consists of the axons of the _____ cells and exits the eye in the _____.
ganglion; blind spot
According to the law of ________, we are more likely to perceive smoothly flowing lines rather than choppy or jagged lines.
good continuation
In human hearing, the auditory receptors are _____.
hair cells
In what order do the ossicles vibrate during hearing?
hammer, anvil, stirrup
Hair cells located near the base of the basilar membrane respond best to ________ sounds.
high-frequency
What is described by the concept of perception?
how sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced
The electromagnetic spectrum includes ________.
infrared light
Which nerve carries visual information from the retina to the brain?
optic
Which part of the eye gives a person her/his eye color?
iris
Which term describes the perception of the body's movement through space?
kinesthesia
In the human eye, rods are to _____ as cones are to _____.
light; color
Longer wavelengths will have ________ frequencies, and shorter wavelengths will have ________ frequencies.
lower; higher
According to the principle of ________, objects that occur close to one another tend to be grouped together.
proximity
The process by which we receive, transform, and process stimuli is
sensation
The process of sensation enables us to _________, where the process of perception enables us _________.
sense the world around us; make sense of the world around us
Decreased sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as ________.
sensory adaptation
absolute threshold
the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time
Sensation
the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment
perception
the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events
The quality of a sound that is affected by frequency, amplitude, and timing of the sound wave is known as ________.
timbre
________ involves the conversion of sensory stimulus energy into neural impulses.
transduction
In addition to sweet, salty, sour, and bitter, what other taste buds do we have?
umami
Which taste is associated with monosodium glutamate?
umami
Which of the following is involved in maintaining balance and body posture?
vestibular system
Which of the following correctly matches the pattern in our perception of color as we move from short wavelengths to long wavelengths?
yellow to orange to red
