Ch 5. Addressing, Routing & Switching
Given the following information, identify the network address. IP: 192.155.1.2 Subnet mask: 255.255.0.0
192.155.
Select the term that best completes the sentence. A(n) _____ is a network that is closed off from the Internet and only accessible from within a company.
intranet
What criteria do EGPs use to determine data packet routes?
locations, cost metrics, and optimal paths
What are the two main problems resolved via network segmentation?
network congestion and security
IGPs use _____, _____, and _____ criteria to determine data packet routes.
network speed, delays, and packet sizes
The Subnet is a _____ of a computer network.
portion
Which type of address is assigned by an ISP to the computing device?
public IP address
RIP routers contain _____, a dynamic list of destinations that it can send data to.
routing tables
A _____ is a device that is used to create a network of computers and other devices.
switch
What range of addresses can be issued to a class C network?
192.0.0.0-223.255.255.255
The range of address that can be used in the first octet of Class C address are _____.
192-223
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_____ represents a standard IP address.
10101000.01001010.00000101.11100111 [Typically, IP addresses are made up of 32 binary bits (1s and 0s computer uses to communicate). These 32 bits partly identify the host (street number) and partly identify the network (street name). The 32 bits are divided into octets (8-bit numbers) separated by a period.]
In dotted decimal, which network numbering segment is reserved for loopback?
127.x.x.x
How many bits does an IPv6 address contain before it gets translated into a hexadecimal code for use in a network?
128
Which of the following represents a Class B IP address?
172.16.81.100/15
Given the following IP address, which numbers represent the network? 227.21.6.173
227.21
A class C has how many bits on in its subnet?
24
An IPv4 Address is how many bits in length?
32 bits
IPv4 represents a _____-bit integer and IPv6 represents a _____-bit alphanumeric string.
32, 128
What is the maximum number of IP addresses that can be assigned through means of IPv4?
4.3 billion
A class A network has how many network bits set to on?
8
How many bits are present in an octet?
8
In terms of computer networking, what is a switch?
A computer networking device that allows for computers and other devices to be connected together in a general area, usually in a building.
In terms of computer networking, what is a router?
A device that allows for several individual networks to be connected to each other.
What does a Subnet Mask provide?
A way to extract the portion of an IP Address indicating the subnet and the part referring to the specific host
What is Address Translation(AT)?
AT is mapping private IP addresses to public IP addresses
Which of the following refers to the path a data packet travels through to reach each router?
Hops
What is one of the most significant benefits that IPv6 has in comparison to IPv4?
All of these answers are correct. [IPv6 is a substantial update when comparing it to IPv4, especially when we are talking about general purposes. Since the world of mobile is starting to gain much traction, we need more IP addresses, increased security, and more fine-tuned control over these devices.]
Which of the following actions would be allowed because of a router?
An HR specialist in one location is able to pull employee data from a department located in another building.
What is an IP address?
An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a series of numbers which is used to identify a device within a network environment.
Which of the following actions is allowed because of a switch?
Being able to send a document from your office computer to a printer several offices away.
Of the multiple different addressing types mentioned, which is the odd one out that has no purpose in future IPv6 networking solutions?
Broadcast
How does RIP route payloads?
By advertising a connected table to all neighbors every 30 seconds.
EIGRP sends payloads from node to node in what manner?
By building a table based upon specific data sets like MTU, bandwidth, etc. and sending the packet along the best course determined by the table.
Which of the following is NOT a component of a network switch?
Bypass Engine
The following IP address is most likely of what type of address class? 192.168.1.100
Class C
To which class does the IP address 236.128.192.140 belong?
Class D
Which of the following types of routing do NOT carry a subnet mask?
Classful routing
Which two components enable a switch fabric to operate?
Controller and Buffers
Who was responsible for the creation of IPv4 protocols?
DARPA
An IP address is written in the form of _____ notation.
Dotted Decimal
On which component can a router's operating system be found?
Flash memory
Which of the following is NOT a component of a router?
Graphics card
How are hostnames resolved?
Hostnames can be resolved either locally or remotely through the use of hosts file configured on a computer host locally or one designated for that purpose remotely.
The main difference between Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) and Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) is _____.
IGPs operate between nodes on the same network EGPs operate between nodes of different networks
What protocol do computer systems (hosts) use when communicating with each other on a network?
IP Addresses
What are the two main routing classifications?
Interior and Exterior Gateway Protocols
Which of the following best describes what a router is?
It is a networking device that allows separate individual networks of computers to connect with one another.
Which of the following best defines the Routing Information Protocol?
It is a standard used by routers that dictates how data should be shared between a group of individual networks.
Why is it necessary for computer systems (hosts) to have a hostname or domain name?
It is necessary because it makes managing large numbers of computers located within a big office space or network easier to identify and accessed.
What is Hostname Resolution?
It is the process through which an assigned hostname is resolved to its mapped IP Address for communication purposes.
What is variable length subnet masking used for?
It is used to create smaller networks by using variants on classful subnets.
What is a hostname or domain name used for?
It is used to uniquely identify a computer system (host) located on a computer network for easy referencing.
What does DHCP do for computer nodes?
It issues numeric IP addresses to nodes that request them.
What is a routing protocol?
It's is the way in which a router, connected to a network, routes traffic among nodes in the network.
Which of the following statements is true?
MAC and IP addresses need to work in parallel for effective communication.
IP Addresses operate within the _____ layer of the TCP/IP protocol.
Network Layer
An IP address consists of the following two parts:
Network address and node address
Traffic passed on a network between two nodes on the same subnet:
None of these.
If a company with a very low budget needs to lease a public IP address to access the Internet what would you advise and why?
Port Address Translation would be their best option as they can pay for a single public IP address and share among the nodes within the network
Which switch component allows for devices to be connected to the switch?
Ports
NAT serves which two main purposes?
Protecting the private network from the public domain and conserving the availability of public IP addresses.
The three distance protocols that route information to other nodes that aren't on the same subnet are?
RIP, OSPF, EIGRP
What is the difference between RIPv1 and RIPv2?
RIPv1 utilizes classful routing whereas RIPv2 uses classless routing.
Which of the following is responsible for the switch's long-term memory?
ROM
Which of the following contains a set of rules that determine exactly where data will be directed to over a network?
Routing table
What is a risk of the current addressing used in IPv4 addresses?
Running out of addresses
In a company setup where users are required to work from home when needed, what is the best address translation?
Static NAT
The different types of Address Translations are _____
Static Network Address Translation, Dynamic Network Address Translation. Port Address Translation
The _____ of an IP address indicates the device.
Suffix
When it comes to home networks, how is the primary IP address generated for all devices?
The ISP assigns a static address to the location, which is translated through a NAT.
How does the MAC Address differ from an IP address?
The MAC address is a hardwired number, permanent and unique to a device's NIC.
What is zero compression?
The ability to reduce zeros in an address in an Ipv6 address.
Why are addresses important in networking?
They are used to identify both the network to which the device is connected to as well as the device itself.
How does OSPF find the shortest path for a payload to go?
Through communication with neighbors to build route tables, then by going to the shortest number of nodes for a destination.
How could a non-routable device send or receive messages on the Internet?
Use network address translation
What is the difference between WAN and LAN ports?
WAN ports connect the router to the Internet. LAN ports connect computers to the router.
What information is carried in the IP Address?
host ID and subnet address
Where is the subnet address contained?
in the IP Address and is extracted via the Subnet Mask
A subnet mask _____
indicates the network address within the IP address
