CH 5 - Intro and Histology Concept Questions

What are the two categories of connective tissue proper?

1. dense 2. loose

An epithelium is composed of ______ packed cells.

tightly

Groups of similar cells and extracellular material that perform a common function are ______.

tissues

Which three characteristics describe epithelial tissue?

1. It is composed almost entirely of cells. 2. The basal surface is bound to a basement membrane. 3. The cells are bound closely together.

The cutaneous membrane ______.

1. contains keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue 2. is relatively dry compared to other membranes of the body

Which statements characterize smooth muscle tissue?

1. it is found in the walls of most viscera 2. it is involuntary

What are three characteristics of cardiac muscle tissue?

1. it is striated 2. cells often bifurcate 3. the presence of intercalated discs

Which statements characterize skeletal muscle tissue?

1. it is voluntary 2. it is striated 3. it is multinucleated

Which three statements correctly describe epithelial tissue?

1. it lacks blood vessels 2. it is richly innervated 3. it has a high regeneration capacity

Which two statements characterize simple squamous epithelial tissue?

1. it lines blood vessels 2. it allows for rapid diffusion or filtration

Which statements characterize nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue?

1. it lines part of the anus 2. the cells remain alive all the way to its apical surface 3. keratin is not present within the cells 4. the cells remain moist

Which statements describe the locations of epithelial tissue?

1. lines many organs 2. lines body cavities 3. covers body surfaces 4. covers many organs

Which criteria are used to classify epithelia?

1. number of cell layers 2. shape of cells at apical surface

Which three are functions of the basement membrane?

1. provides physical support 2. acts as a barrier 3. anchors the epithelium to connective tissue

Which of the following are charateristics of epithelial tissue?

1. secretions 2. selective permeability 3. sensations 4. physical protection

Which are considered the functions of connective tissue?

1. storage and transport 2. physical protection 3. binding and support of structures

Which statements characterize mucous membranes?

1. they secrete mucus 2. they line the digestive tract 3. they perform secretory functions

Functions of muscle tissue include ______.

1. voluntary movements of body parts 2. contraction of the heart 3. propulsion of materials through digestive tract

______ simple columnar epithelium lines the larger bronchioles of the lungs.

Ciliated

True or false: Collagen fibers form a structural connective tissue framework that helps them to support organs and resist external forces.

False

______ is when there is an increase in the number of cells due to mitosis.

Hyperplasia

Which statement characterizes the ground substance of connective tissues?

It can be fluid, semisolid, or solid.

Epithelial tissues act as "gatekeepers" to control the movement of substances into the body. (True or False)

True

True or false: Areolar connective tissue is found nearly everywhere in the body.

True

True or false: Ground substance is produced by connective tissue cells.

True

Different types of connective tissue have ______ amount of ground substance.

a varying

What cell stores lipid reserves?

adipocytes

The type of connective tissue that serves as padding and acts as an insulator to slow heat loss through the skin is _____ tissue.

adipose

These connective tissue cells are closely packed together and have nuclei squeezed to one side by the material that they store.

adipose

Which is an example of connective tissue proper? bone blood adipose tissue hyaline cartilage

adipose tissue

This type of gland produces its secretory product when its cells' apical portions pinches off, releasing cytoplasmic content.

apocrine

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue is located ______.

as the epidermis of the skin

The opposite of hypertrophy is called ____.

atrophy

Skeletal muscle tissue is found ______.

attached to bones

Which characteristic best explains why nutrients for epithelial cells are obtained by diffusion from the underlying connective tissue?

avascularity

Which structure binds epithelial tissue to connective tissue?

basement membrane

Location of nonkeratinized stratified squamous

body openings like the oral cavity, vagina, and anus

Which is an example of a supporting connective tissue? dense connective tissue blood adipose tissue cartilage

cartilage

Which type of epithelial is cell is taller than it is wide?

columnar

Tendons and ligaments are made of ______ connective tissue.

dense regular

Which three are locations of areolar connective tissue?

dermis of the skin subcutaneous layer deep to skin surrounding blood vessels

Which of the following types of protein fibers, found in connective tissue, allow body parts to stretch and appear wavy?

elastic

Which of the following would you expect to find in the walls of the large arteries?

elastic connective tissue

Which type of glands lack ducts and can secrete their products directly into the bloodstream?

endocrine

What is the simple squamous epithelium that lines blood and lymphatic vessels called?

endothelium

Location of keratinized stratified squamous

epidermis of skin

Which of the following lists the four primary types of tissues found in the human body?

epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscle

These glands have ducts and excrete their products onto the surface of the skin or into the lumen.

exocrine

What cell produces fibers and ground substance?

fibroblasts

What large cells phagocytize damaged cells and pathogens?

fixed macrophages

Which of the following secretes mucin?

goblet cells

Which option best explains the ability of epithelial tissues to repair themselves?

high regenerative capacity

What type of gland secretes a mixture of cell fragments and the product the cell synthesized before its disintegration?

holocrine

Cardiac muscle tissue is located ______.

in the wall of the heart

Individual bundles of collagen fibers extend in all directions in a scattered meshwork in connective tissue.

irregular dense

The apical cells of this type of epithelium are dead, lack nuclei, and are filled with tough, protective keratin.

keratinized stratified squamous

An example of a merocrine gland is ______. lacrimal glands sebaceous glands ovaries mammary glands

lacrimal glands

Location of pseudostratified ciliated columnar

lines upper respiratory tract

Which is a location of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue?

lining of the oral cavity

Which is a location of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium? lining of the uterine tubes lining of the trachea lining of urinary bladder kidney tubules

lining of the trachea

Location of transitional

lining of urinary bladder, ureters, and part of the urethra

Simple ciliated columnar epithelium is located ______.

lining the uterine tubes

The relative proportions of cells, fibers, and ground substance are the basis of classification for ______ connective tissues.

loose and dense

Which is a type of apocrine gland? lacrimal gland salivary gland sebaceous gland mammary gland

mammary gland

This type of gland packages its secretions into secretory vesicles and releases the secretion through exocytosis.

merocrine

Which are examples of resident cells of connective tissue proper?

mesenchymal cells adipocytes fibroblasts

Tiny, cytoplasmic projections on the apical surface of a cell that increase the surface area for secretion and absorption are called ______.

microvilli

The membranes that line body compartments that eventually open to the external environment are ____ membranes.

mucous

What type of membrane lines body passageways that eventually open to the external environment?

mucous

Of the types of the body membranes, the principal types of internal membranes are _____.

mucous and serous

Cell types of nervous tissue that are responsible for control and information processing are ____.

neurons

Description of simple cuboidal

one layer of cells that are about as high as they are wide

Description of simple squamous

one layer of flat, wide irregular-shaped cells

Description of simple columnar, ciliated

one layer of tall, narrow cells that can move objects along their apical surface

Description of simple columnar, nonciliated

one layer of tall, narrow cells that often contain microvilli

The ____ layer of serous membranes lines body cavities and the ____ layer covers organs.

parietal, visceral

Which type of epithelium is composed of a single layer of cells that are attached to a basement membrane, but not all the cells reach the apical surface of the epithelium?

pseudostratified

The lining of the larynx consists of what type of epithelial tissue?

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Collagen fibers are packed tightly and aligned parallel to an applied force in _____ connective tissue.

regular dense

Cells of connective tissue that are stationary and help support, maintain, and repair extracellular matrix are ______.

resident cells

Choose the type of connective tissue one would find in the stroma of lymph nodes, in the spleen, the thymus, and in the bone marrow. reticular adipose areolar

reticular

Fibers that contain the protein collagen and are thinner than collagen fibers are _____ fibers.

reticular

Which is an example of a holocrine gland? ceruminous glands gastric glands salivary glands sebaceous glands

sebaceous glands

Which type of epithelium is one cell layer thick?

simple

Which is found in areas where stress is minimal and where filtration, absorption, or secretion is the primary function?

simple epithelium

Which type of epithelium is in the lining of the lung air sacs?

simple squamous

The three types of muscle tissue are ______.

skeletal, smooth, and cardiac

An epithelial cell is classified as ______ if it is thin and flat.

squamous

The type of epithelium found in areas likely to be subjected to abrasive activities and mechanical stress is a ____ epithelium.

stratified

The type of epithelium that contains two or more layers of epithelial cells is a _____ epithelium.

stratified

Dense regular connective tissue is found in ______.

the dermis of skin

Which statements characterize serous membranes? they cover and line the urinary bladder they contain a parietal and visceral layer they secrete mucus the skin is an example the pericardium is an example

they contain a parietal and visceral layer the pericardium is an example

Which are characteristics of collagen fibers?

they resist stretching they are strong and flexible they appear white in fresh tissues

What type of epithelium contains cells able to withstand a significant amount of stretch?

transitional

Which of the following would be found adhering to the surface of the lungs? visceral pleura parietal peritoneum parietal pleura visceral pericardium

visceral pleura

Choose all that are locations of smooth muscle tissue. wall of the urinary bladder wall of the heart wall of the stomach walls of blood vessels attached to bones

wall of the urinary bladder wall of the stomach walls of blood vessels