Ch 6 Proteins and Amino Acids
Which of the following foods has the lowest protein content?
1 cup melon
Adults older than ________ years of age should consume 0.8 gram of protein for each kilogram of body weight.
19
It is recommended that you consume from 10 to ________ percent of your calories from protein.
35
A gram of protein contains ________ calories.
4
Jill is 24 years old and weighs 125 pounds. What is Jill's approximate protein requirement per day?
45 grams
The biggest risk for vegetarians is not consuming enough vitamin
B12
Vegetarian diets have been shown to lower the risk of the following diseases, except
COLDS
A gene is a segment of ________ that codes for a specific protein.
DNA
Which of the following statements about soy is correct?
It may be harmful for individuals at high risk of developing breast cancer
A diet that is too high in protein can increase the risk for all of the following except
PKU -kidney stones -osteoporosis -heart disease
Denaturation of a protein results in
alterations in the protein's functions
A vegan diet excludes which of the following?
any foods of animal origin
Proteins that act to maintain the body's proper pH are known as
buffers
An ovo-vegetarian will eat all of the following except
cheese -an omelet -bagels -apples
The most abundant protein in the body is
collagen
Which of the following is a protein that provides structural support to body tissues?
collagen
The proteins that act as catalysts and speed up reactions are
enzymes
Isoflavones have a chemical structure similar to human
estrogen
According to the NIH, approximately one in 12 African Americans and one in 100 Asians are carriers of the mutated gene that causes sickle-cell anemia.
false
Enzymes are biological catalysts that slow down reactions.
false
Hemoglobin acts as a transport protein that carries nitrogen to cells from the lungs.
false
The PDCAAS is a measure of protein quantity.
false
The absorption of zinc is inhibited by animal protein.
false
Vegetarians can only consume adequate protein by eating a variety of vegetables and fish.
false
All excess calories are stored as
fat
Which foods are most likely missing when a person is on a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet?
fruits
A DNA segment that codes for a specific protein is called a(n)
gene
Which of the following amino acids was once thought to be essential only for infants?
histidine
Which among the following is a consequence of a severe deficiency of dietary protein?
kwashiorkor
The amino acid that is in the shortest supply in an incomplete protein is known as the
limiting amino acid
A person fighting a fever would be in ________ nitrogen balance.
negative
A starving person would be in ________ nitrogen balance.
negative
A(n) ________ amino acid can be synthesized in your body.
nonessential
An overweight individual's protein needs are
not much greater than those of a normal-weighted person of similar height
Digestion of protein within the stomach begins with the enzyme
pepsin
A rare genetic disorder, phenylketonuria (PKU), is caused by the body's inability to properly degrade
phenylalanine
Which state, in terms of nitrogen balance, would a pregnant or nursing woman typically be in?
positive nitrogen balance
A classic symptom of severe kwashiorkor is ________ of the legs, feet, and stomach.
protein
A diet high in ________ and low in calcium may lead to osteoporosis.
protein
Compounds in your body that consist of numerous amino acids and are found in all living cells are called
proteins
Proteins help increase ________, after a meal more than either carbohydrates or fat.
satiety
The most common inherited blood disorder in the United States is
sickle-cell anemia
The absorption of amino acids takes place in the
small intestine
A study of Chinese women revealed that those who ate the most ________ during their adolescent years had a reduced risk of breast cancer in adulthood.
soy
A DNA segment that codes for a specific protein is the gene.
true
Complemented proteins are the result of the combination of two incomplete proteins.
true
Consuming too much of any one amino acid via supplements can impede absorption of other amino acids in the intestinal tract.
true
Numerous research studies have shown that bones lose calcium when a person's diet is too high in protein.
true
The nitrogen removed from an amino acid generates ammonia, which is converted to ________ and excreted in the urine.
urea
Which of the following is an example of combining two incomplete proteins to achieve protein complementation?
vegetables and rice