Ch. 6 U.S. History Study Guide

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Which of the following best describes the lives of typical western homesteaders in the late 1800s?

Difficult and lonely

Which of the following most accurately describes agriculture in the South after the Civil War?

Dominated by cotton

How were the government's laissez-faire policies challenged in the late 1800s?

Economic policies allowed private businesses to operate freely.

During Reconstruction, Southern agriculture

Focused on cotton and tobacco

How did new railroads benefit western cattle ranchers?

It provided a way to transport meat to eastern markets

Civil Rights Act of 1875

law that banned discrimination in public facilities and transportation

Chief Joseph

led a group of refugees on a trek of more than 1,300 miles to Canada

The first great boom in the West was spurred by

mining

Farmers' Alliance

network of farmers' organizations

assimilate

to be absorbed into the main culture of a society

How did the South keep railroad construction costs down?

used prison labor and lobbied the federal government

The Ku Klux Klan

used violence and intimidation

open-range

vast area of grassland on which livestock roamed and grazed

Homestead Act

1862 law that gave 160 acres of land to citizen willing to live on and cultivate it for five years

Sand Creek Massacre

1864 incident in which Colorado militia killed a camp of Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians

Dawes General Allotment Act

1887 law that divided reservation land into private family plots

Wounded Knee

1890 confrontation between US cavalry and Sioux that marked the end of Indian resistance

Edxodusters

African Americans who migrated from the South to the West after the Civil War

Which of the following accurately describes the effects of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments on the lives of the Southerners?

Black southerners had more political and economic freedom

Which of the following revoked Souther blacks' civil rights?

Local and state laws

Why was the Farmers' Alliance formed in the 1870s?

Lower prices for supplies

The open-range system of raising livestock was originally developed by

Mexican vanqueros

What was one effect of the conflicts between Native Americans and white settlers?

Native Americans lost the ability to efficiently resist white settlement

Which of the following was a factor that limited the economic recovery of the South after the Civil War?

New cities rose up in Georgia, Texas, and Tennessee

How did railroads influence the growth of western territories?

Railroads spurred the foundation and expansion of towns along the western rail route.

How did Southern blacks lose rights in the years after the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments?

Some white Southerners used state legislation, segregation, and violence to limit the freedoms of blacks

The assimilation of Native Americans was a goal of

The Dawes General Allotment Act

Why was the removal of the Nez Perces particularly harsh?

The Nez Perces had turned their 160 acre allotments into successful farmland

Which of the following threatened the livelihoods of Southern farmers?

The boll weevil

Which of the following was an effect of the transcontinental railroad?

The population of the West increased

How did the U.S. government respond to attacks by the Sioux Indians in eastern Minnesota?

They pushed the Sioux into the Dakotas.

Which of the following best describes Native Americans' situation at the end of the Indian Wars?

They were forced to move west or north or to live on reservations.

Little Big Horn

a battle led by Crazy Horse that killed Custer and all of his men

Sitting Bull

assembled to drive out the prospectors; led the Sioux with Crazy Horse

land grant

land designated by the federal government for building schools, roads, or railroads

Cash crop

crops grown for sale

What was a central goal of Henry Grady's idea for a New South?

developing industry

Native American civilizations were threatened by

diseases introduced by white settlers

Which of the following caused serious conflict among various groups of people in the West?

ethnic and economic tensions

reservations

public lands where Native Americans were forced to live by the federal government

transcontinental railroad

rail link between the easter and the western United States

In contrast to white settlers, Native Americans viewed nature as

sacred

vigilante

self-appointed law enforcer

Homesteaders on the plain usually built homes of

sod

Starting in the mid-1800s, hoards of people traveled to the West out of a desire to

strike it rich by finding gold or silver


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