ch 6 vitamins

The nurse is discussing the actions of vitamins with a group of nursing students. The topic is how some vitamins function as coenzymes. Which of the following vitamins help to extract energy from glucose?

niacin

A 71-year-old female client was active until a stroke limited her mobility. The nurse is aware that this client is at risk for vitamin D deficiency because of her lack of sun exposure and refusal to drink milk. This client at an increased risk for developing which health issue?

osteomalacia

A client is questioning what it means to take a "megadose." How should the nurse respond?

"Megadoses are amounts at least 10 times greater than the RDA."

While instructing on vitamin supplements the client states the intention to not take the supplements as prescribed. Which is the best response for the nurse to make to this client?

"They are essential to life and are needed for regular body processes."

The nurse is teaching a female client who would like to get pregnant that it is important to consume enough folic acid. How many micrograms of folic acid should this client consume on a daily basis?

400

A client has asked the nurse how many grams of vitamin C she and her husband should take on a daily basis. The nurse explains that the recommended amounts are:

75 mg for women and 90 mg for men.

After completing a medication history the nurse is concerned that a client is at risk for a bleeding disorder. What information caused the nurse to have this concern?

Aspirin 325 mg and vitamin E 100 mg

The nurse learns that a client eats one meal a day and takes no vitamin supplements. Which assessment finding suggests to the nurse that the client might be experiencing a vitamin deficiency?

Sluggish healing of a leg wound

An adult daughter of a client with osteoporosis asks what foods should be eaten to avoid developing the same health problem in the future. What should the nurse recommend to this family member? Select all that apply.

Egg yolks Beef liver Oysters

Each vitamin has important functions that are necessary to maintain homeostasis. Which of the following is an important role of vitamin A?

It assists with immune function.

The nurse should correctly explain to a client that the following is a function of vitamin E?

It is a primary fat-soluble antioxidant.

A nurse is seeing a client who reports she is concerned about free radicals. The client is seeking nutritional guidance to prevent the damage that can be cause by them. Which of the following foods can the nurse recommend for prevention?

Leafy green vegetables

The nurse thinks that a client could benefit from a vitamin supplement. What finding did the nurse use to make this clinical determination?

Leaves salad and vegetables uneaten on meal tray

Vitamins are complex organic compounds that are essential to life. Which of the following is a basic function of vitamins?

Vitamins assist in metabolism of energy.

The nurse is discussing the differences between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins with a group of student nurses. Which of the following should the nurse be sure to include in the discussion?

Water-soluble vitamins are absorbed directly into the bloodstream.

A client is being admitted to the hospital unit with abdominal pain and nausea. During the assessment, the nurse discovers that the client has been taking supplements in manner in which the vitamins could result in acting more as drugs. When do vitamins act as drugs in the body?

When they are taken in megadoses

Which of the following groups will benefit from taking a supplement? Select all that apply.

alcoholics people who are food insecure individuals who take medications for chronic illness

A client is concerned about free radicals and the potential damage they can cause. What substance can help to eliminate or lessen free radical damage?

antioxidants vitamins

A nurse educator is providing education to students about the differences between the two major categories of vitamins. The nurse correctly explains fat-soluble vitamins transported through the blood in which of the following ways?

attached to protein carriers

The class is discussing food labels. One student points out that a certain vitamin is listed as a "food coloring." Which vitamin is sometimes used to add color to food?

beta-carotene

The nurse is instructing the client on adequate intake of retinal. What food can the nurse suggest to the client?

eggs

A nutrition class is discussing the various forms of vitamins. The class correctly understands that provitamins are the which of the following?

inactive form found in food.

Students in a nursing class understand that the body has the potential to make vitamin D with enough light exposure and if which of the following organs is functioning normally?

kidney

The nurse is aware that there are occasions when a vitamin deficiency is not caused by a lack of intake but by a problem in synthesizing the nutrient. Pernicious anemia is due to which of the following?

lack of intrinsic factor to absorb vitamin B12.

The nurse recognizes that individuals who are at risk for folate deficiency should be screened for which of the following problems?

parasitic infections.

The nurse is explaining to a client how the body can produce vitamin D if there is adequate exposure to sunlight. Which of the following regulates conversion of Vitamin D to it's biologically active form?

parathyroid hormone

The nurse is aware that vitamin D is primarily responsible for maintaining normal blood concentrations of calcium and which of the following nutrients?

phosphorus.

A client is on anticoagulation therapy. The nurse recognizes the client may need to eat which foods in moderation? Select all that apply.

spinach broccoli Brussels sprouts

Lycopene is a phytochemical that is a potent antioxidant that may reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Which popular food contains lycopene?

tomatoes

The nurse is aware that some vitamins exist in more than one form and have different functions depending on the chemical composition. Retinoic acid acts as a hormone to regulate growth. Which vitamin is this?

vitamin A

The nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who is 10 weeks pregnant. The nurse needs to remind the client which of the following supplements is known to be teratogenic in larger doses?

vitamin A

The nurse has seen a client multiple times for vague complaints of headache, double vision, and hair loss. The client reports she has been taking high doses of supplements for several years. After reviewing her list, the nurse recognizes that the cause of the client's complaints might be which of the following?

vitamin A.

The nurse is concerned that a client eating a vegan diet is not consuming adequate amounts of some vitamins. What supplement is this client most likely to need?

vitamin B12

The nurse is seeing a client who states, "I do not recognize these ingredients. What is ascorbic acid?" The nurse explains that ascorbic acid is another name for which of the following vitamins?

vitamin C.

A client understands that eating some oils is important to ensure adequate consumption of all nutrients. Which nutrient is supplied by oils?

vitamin E

The nurse is seeing a client who is on anticoagulant therapy. The nurse should advise the client to take which supplement cautiously?

vitamin E

Sluggish healing of a leg wound

vitamin K.

The nurse is assessing a new patient on the unit who was admitted with complaints of frequent epistaxis. The nurse is aware this may be related to a deficiency of which of the following vitamins

vitamin K.

The nurse is assessing a new patient on the unit who was admitted with complaints of frequent epistaxis. The nurse is aware this may be related to a deficiency of which of the following vitamins?

vitamin K.