ch 63 Osteoporosis

A nurse is planning discharge teaching on home safety for an older adult client who has osteoporosis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply) a. Remove throw rugs in walkways b. Use prescribed assistive devices c. Remove clutter from the environment d. Walk with caution on icy surfaces e. Maintain lighting of doorway areas

a. Remove throw rugs in walkways b. Use prescribed assistive devices c. Remove clutter from the environment e. Maintain lighting of doorway areas (avoid icy areas) ATI MS

A nurse is providing dietary teaching about calcium-rich foods to a client to has osteoporosis. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the instructions? a. white bread b. white beans c. white meat of chicken d. white rice

b. white beans ATI MS

What test provides fast, precise measurement of the bone mass of the spine, femur, forearm, and total body to evaluate osteoporosis? a. bone scan b. diskogram c. quantitative ultrasound (QUS) d. dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

d. dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) MS workbook ch 61

osteoporosis

-low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased bone fragility (MS) -chronic metabolic bone disorder resulting in low bone density (ATI)

A nurse is performing health screenings of clients at a health fair. Which of the following clients are at risk for osteoporosis? (Select all that apply) a. A 40yr old client who takes prednisone for asthma b. A 30yr old client who jogs 3 miles daily c. A 45yr old client who takes phenytoin for seizures d. A 65yr old client who has a sedentary lifestyle e. A 70yr old client who has smoked for 50 years

a. A 40yr old client who takes prednisone for asthma c. A 45yr old client who takes phenytoin for seizures d. A 65yr old client who has a sedentary lifestyle e. A 70yr old client who has smoked for 50 years ATI MS

A nurse is providing care for a client who had a vertebroplasty of the thoracic spine. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse? a. Apply heat to the puncture site b. Place the client in a supine position c. Turn client every 1 hr d. Ambulate the client within the first hour post-procedure

b. Place the client in a supine position ATI MS

Identify methods to specifically prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. (Select all that apply) a. eating more beef b. eating 8 ounces of yogurt daily c. performing weight-bearing activity d. spending 15 minutes in the sun each day e. taking postmenopausal estrogen replacement

b. eating 8 ounces of yogurt daily c. performing weight-bearing activity (although 20 min in the sun each day provides vitamin D for most women, it is recommended that postmenopausal women take supplemental vitamin D pills) MS workbook

A nurse is admitting an older adult client who has suspected osteoporosis. Which of the following is an expected finding? (Select all that apply) a. history of consuming 1 glass of wine daily b. loss in height of 2 in. (5 cm) c. body mass index (BMI) of 21 d. kyphotic curve at upper thoracic spine e. history of lactose intolerance

b. loss in height of 2 in. (5 cm) c. body mass index (BMI) of 21 d. kyphotic curve at upper thoracic spine e. history of lactose intolerance ATI MS

osteoporosis diagnostics

-DXA (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) measures bone density

pt teaching: foods to avoid (2)

-caffeine -alcohol

ethnicities that are predisposed to osteoporosis

-caucasian -Asian

osteoporosis risk factors (8)

-female -age > 65 yrs -excessive alcohol intake -cigarette smoking -sedentary lifestyle -family history -corticosteroid use -insufficient intake of calcium and/or vitamin D

preventative measures (3)

-regular weight-bearing exercise -calcium -vitamin D

A nurse is lecturing to a group of women who are at high risk for osteoporosis. The nurse should inform the women about which most important measure? 1. Limit caffeine intake. 2. Limit intake of vitamin D. 3. Limit participation in activities such as walking and swimming. 4. Limit protein in the diet because it contributes to the incidence of bone demineralization.

1. Limit caffeine intake. NCLEX

The nurse is obtaining a health history from a client and is assessing for risk factors associated with osteoporosis. The nurse would be most concerned if which data were obtained? Select all that apply. 1. The client reports that she doesn't exercise much at all. 2. The client reports that she smokes a few cigarettes a day. 3. The client reports that she consumes calcium and vitamin foods and supplements daily. 4. The client reports that she is taking phenytoin (Dilantin) to treat a seizure disorder. 5. The client reports that she takes a daily low dose of prednisone to treat a chronic respiratory condition.

1. The client reports that she doesn't exercise much at all. 2. The client reports that she smokes a few cigarettes a day. 3. The client reports that she consumes calcium and vitamin foods and supplements daily. 5. The client reports that she takes a daily low dose of prednisone to treat a chronic respiratory condition. NCLEX

A nurse is collecting data related to a client's risk factors associated with osteoporosis. Which data should the nurse include? Select all that apply. 1. Thin body build 2. Smoking history 3. Postmenopausal age 4. Chronic corticosteroid use 5. High intake of dairy products 6. Family history of osteoporosis

1. Thin body build 2. Smoking history 3. Postmenopausal age 4. Chronic corticosteroid use 6. Family history of osteoporosis NCLEX

A community health nurse is providing a teaching session on osteoporosis to women living in the community. The nurse informs these community residents that which is a risk factor for this disorder? 1. A large skeletal frame 2. A diet low in vitamin D 3. Low thyroid hormone levels 4. A high dietary intake of calcium

2. A diet low in vitamin D NCLEX

The nurse is conducting health screening for osteoporosis. Which client is at greatest risk of developing this disorder? 1. A 25-year-old woman who runs 2. A 36-year-old man who has asthma 3. A 70-year-old man who consumes excess alcohol 4. A sedentary 65-year-old woman who smokes cigarettes

4. A sedentary 65-year-old woman who smokes cigarettes (risk factors: female, postmenopausal, excessive alcohol intake, being sedentary, smoking) NCLEX

Which female patients are at risk for developing osteoporosis? (Select all that apply a. 60-yr-old white aerobics instructor b. 55-yr-old Asian American cigarette smoker c. 62-yr-old African American on estrogen therapy d. 68-yr-old white who is underweight and inactive e. 58-yr-old Native American who started menopause prematurely

b. 55-yr-old Asian American cigarette smoker d. 68-yr-old white who is underweight and inactive e. 58-yr-old Native American who started menopause prematurely risk factors: -age >65 yrs -white ethnicity -Asian ethnicity -cigarette smoking -low body weight -inactive lifestyle -postmenopausal estrogen deficiency including premature menopause MS workbook