Ch 7 Post Test
When a patient, who has been having an asthma attack, is placed in a sitting position on a stretcher, this position is called: A. prone. B. Fowler's. C. supine. D. Trendelenburg.
Fowler's
A patient would see a cardiologist for a problem with what organ? A. Heart B. Stomach C. Bones D. Brain
Heart
What is the likely result of spinal damage involving the phrenic nerve? A. Bradycardia B. Right-sided weakness C. Inadequate breathing D. Facial paresthesia
Inadequate breathing
During your secondary survey of a patient who is unresponsive, you obtain a blood glucose level (BGL) and find a value of 658 mg/dL. To what part of the endocrine system would this disturbance best pertain to? A. The Islets of Langerhans B. Parathyroid C. Posterior pituitary D. Thyroid
The Islets of Langerhans
What is the name of the process that results in the movement of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) across cellular membranes in the lungs and in the peripheral tissues? A. Oxygenation B. Respiration C. Ventilation D. Perfusion
Respiration
Which type of muscle is generally attached at one or both ends to a bone by tendons? A. Involuntary B. Cardiac C. Skeletal D. Smooth
Skeletal
When a joint moves away from the midline, this is referred to as: A. abduction. B. adduction. C. circumduction. D. flexion.
abduction
The structure of the body and the relationship of its parts to each other is called: A. anatomical position. B. physiology. C. biology. D. anatomy.
anatomy
Kidneys play an important role in: A. the digestion of fats. B. urine storage. C. removal of carbohydrates from the blood. D. blood pressure control.
blood pressure control
The distal end of the penis, which contains the urethral opening, is called the: A. epididymis. B. vas deferens. C. glans. D. bulbourethral gland.
glans
An insufficient supply of oxygen and nutrients to cells and inadequate elimination of carbon dioxide and wastes from cells result in a condition known as: A. hypotension. B. hyperperfusion. C. hypoperfusion. D. hypovolemia.
hypoperfusion
If the hormone norepinephrine was made into a drug that the EMT could administer to a patient, what kind a patient would MOST likely benefit from it? A. A hypoglycemic patient B. A hypotensive patient C. A tachycardic patient D. A psychologically disturbed patient
hypotensive pt
Of the following, which would be considered a function of the skeletal system? A. Protecting the body from foreign organisms B. Carrying sensory information to and from the brain C. Allowing for movement D. Filtering and excreting wastes
Allowing for movement
What type of joint comprises the location where the head of the femur fits into the pelvic girdle? A. Saddle B. Ball-and-socket C. Condyloid D. Gliding
Ball-and-socket
Which two components of the nervous system must be intact to allow the patient to be conscious and fully oriented? A. The thalamus and medulla B. The thalamus and the reticular activating system C. Both cerebral hemispheres and the reticular activating system D. Both cerebral hemispheres and the pons
Both cerebral hemisphere and the reticular activating system
The EMT arrives upon the scene and finds a person with a brain injury unresponsive and without a pulse or heart rate. Which portion of the nervous system is most likely affected? A. Cerebrum B. Spinal cord C. Brainstem D. Cerebellum
Brainstem
Which age-related respiratory changes should you anticipate in a 72-year-old patient? A. Greater sensitivity of the respiratory drive to hypoxia B. Decreased reliance on the diaphragm as the major muscle of respiration C. Increased tidal volume at rest D. Calcium deposits where the ribs join the sternum, causing the rib cage to be less pliable
Calcium deposits where the ribs join the sternum, causing the rib cage to be less pliable
Identify both the type of muscle and the property of that muscle that has the ability to initiate its own impulse. A. Smooth: pre-excitation B. Cardiac: automaticity C. Skeletal: automaticity D. Voluntary: excitation
Cardiac: automaticity
What region of the brain is considered the center of consciousness and higher thought? A. Midbrain B. Medulla oblongata C. Cerebrum D. Cerebellum
Cerebrum
If a patient is having a heart attack, what additional finding should the EMT be certain to assess for? A. Changes to the pupils B. Alterations in the blood glucose level C. Abnormal neurological changes D. Changes to the blood pressure
Changes to the blood pressure
If a patient told an EMT that one of his doctors is a specialist in treating problems with the skin, the EMT would know that the patient is referring to what type of doctor? A. Hematologist B. Gerontologist C. Dermatologist D. Cytologist
Dermatologist
Which of these hormones, if it was created into a medication, would most likely result in an increase of the heart rate if it was administered? A. Insulin B. Norepinephrine C. Epinephrine D. Antidiuretic hormone
Epinephrine
To minimize friction when the heart contracts, what structure secretes fluid lubricant? A. Atrium B. Pericardial sac C. Tricuspid valves D. Ventricles
Pericardial Sac
What term is used by the EMT when referring to the actual functioning and interrelatedness of the body's systems? A. Anatomy B. Anatomical position C. Physiology D. Biology
Physiology
What gland of the body helps to regulate circadian rhythms? A. Adrenal B. Pituitary C. Pineal D. Thyroid
Pineal
Which of these modifications you should use when caring for pediatric patients? A. Suction the airway for a longer period of time—20 to 30 seconds. B. The smaller tongue of the child allows you to easily insert an oropharyngeal airway upside down and rotate it 180° as you insert it. C. Place padding behind the shoulders and neck of an infant or small child to maintain neutral alignment of the neck. D. To prevent hyperthermia, do not cover the patient in shock with blankets.
Place padding behind the shoulders and neck of an infant or small child to maintain neutral alignment of the neck
When a patient is found lying on his belly, face down, this is referred to as what position? A. Recovery B. Prone C. Supine D. Lateral
Prone
If an EMT wanted to state what position the body was in when he arrived, given that the patient was found lying on his back, face up, he would use what term when communicating with other health care professionals? A. Lateral B. Supine C. Prone D. Trendelenburg
Supine
To cause the heart to contract normally, an electrical impulse must travel through the following structures in what order? A. The SA node, the AV node, the Purkinje fibers, and the bundle of His B. The SA node, the AV node, the bundle of His, and the Purkinje fibers C. The AV node, the SA node, the Purkinje fibers, and the bundle of His D. The AV node, the SA node, the bundle of His, and the Purkinje fibers
The SA node, the AV node, the bundle of His, and the Purkinje fibers
Which of these statements BEST uses the term "distal" in a sentence? A. The ankle is distal to the hip. B. The elbow is distal to the wrist. C. The shoulder is distal to the elbow. D. The nose is distal to the ears.
The ankle is distal to the hip
What occurs during normal and unlabored exhalation? A. The intercostals relax and the diaphragm contracts. B. The intercostals contract and the diaphragm relaxes. C. The intercostals and the diaphragm contract. D. The intercostals and the diaphragm relax.
The intercostals and the diaphragm relax
The basic function of the pulmonary system, known as "ventilation," refers to what? A. The exchange of gases across cellular and alveolar membranes. B. The movement of air in and out of the lungs. C. The monitoring of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the bloodstream. D. The rate at which the patient is breathing.
The movement of air in and out of the lungs
You arrive on scene for a patient who is unresponsive from a known drug overdose. Which of these statements BEST represents the mechanism leading to unresponsiveness? A. Unresponsiveness is probably due to failure of the cerebellum and drug overdose. B. Unresponsiveness is probably due to both cerebral hemispheres not functioning properly. C. Unresponsiveness is probably due to hypocapnia. D. Unresponsiveness is probably due to hyperoxia.
Unresponsiveness is probably due to both cerebral hemispheres not functioning properly
What division of the nervous system influences all activity of skeletal muscles and movements? A. Central B. Involuntary C. Voluntary D. Autonomic
Voluntary
The EMT is caring for a patient who sustained a workplace injury and assesses the patient's ability to move his arms and legs. Which body system controls this movement? A. Peripheral vascular system B. Integumentary system C. Endocrine system D. Voluntary nervous system
Voluntary nervous system
The portion of the brain that coordinates muscle activity and maintains balance through impulses from the eyes and ears is called the: A. cerebrum. B. medulla oblongata. C. cerebellum. D. vasomotor center.
cerebellum
Which of these factors is LEAST likely to affect the ability of a small child to compensate for respiratory problems? A. Children have lower metabolic and oxygen needs because of their smaller size. B. Infants and small children have fewer alveoli. C. A child's chest muscles are underdeveloped. D. The ribs are more pliable than an adult's.
children have lower metabolic and oxygen needs because of their smaller size
Which choice is an age-related change that affects the nervous system and senses? A. A decrease in the amount of cerebral spinal fluid in the skull B. Increased myelination of nerve fibers C. Difficulty perceiving the position of the body or its parts D. The necessity of holding items very close to the eyes in order to see
difficulty perceiving the position of the body or its parts
The ribs move downward and inward, and the diaphragm rises during: A. inspiration. B. inhalation. C. agonal gasps. D. exhalation.
exhalation
If an EMT was describing the location of a gunshot wound to the ED nurse and wanted to illustrate that the wound was toward the side of the chest, rather than the center of the chest, the EMT would use the term: A. medial. B. posterior. C. lateral. D. ventral.
lateral
The organ of the digestive system responsible for production of bile that helps to digest fat is the: A. spleen. B. small intestine. C. liver. D. gallbladder.
liver
The structure through which blood is filtered and wastes are removed is the: A. loop of Henle. B. calyx. C. ureter. D. nephron.
nephron
The part of the ulna that forms the bony prominence of the elbow is called the: A. acromion. B. olecranon. C. radius. D. carpal.
olecranon
The medical term that is used to refer to the palm of the hand is: A. plantar. B. distal. C. palmar. D. palomar.
palmar
The organ of the digestive system responsible for production of juices that aid in the digestion of fats, starches, and proteins is the: A. gallbladder. B. stomach. C. spleen. D. pancreas.
pancreas
During a CE class, the instructor is speaking about the normal interrelatedness of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems and how they affect the heart rate. The instructor is discussing an aspect of the body's: A. anatomy. B. physiology. C. pathophysiology. D. pharmacology.
physiology
One of the MOST important functions of the skin is: A. protecting the body from the environment. B. serving as a site for melanin production. C. producing vitamin A for the body. D. allowing the body to shed excess heat to the environment.
protecting the body from the environment
When the left ventricle contracts, it sends a wave of blood through the arteries. This wave of blood is called a(n): A. pulse. B. arterial ejection. C. arteriole ejection. D. diastolic wave.
pulse
The increased pliability of an infant's ribs and cartilage force the infant to: A. brace himself when rolling over. B. rely more on breathing through his mouth rather than through his nose. C. rely more on the diaphragm for breathing. D. rely more on intercostal muscles for respiration.
rely more on the diaphragm for breathing
What two electrolytes are shed through the skin during the regulation of water and electrolytes for thermoregulation in the body? A. Sodium and chloride B. Magnesium and sodium C. Potassium and sodium D. Chloride and potassium
sodium and chloride
Anatomic differences between pediatric and adult airways require that: A. treatment for respiratory problems be conducted the same without regard to age. B. you notify medical direction before treating an infant for respiratory problems. C. specific considerations are taken when treating the infant for respiratory issues. D. only pediatric specialists treat children.
specific considerations are taken when treating the infant for respiratory issues
The amount of air a patient breathes in and out with one regular breath is the: A. dead space. B. tidal volume. C. minute volume. D. alveolar volume.
tidal volume
What is one of the purposes for the way in which the individual vertebrae are shaped and arranged in the body? A. To protect the spinal cord B. To allow 360 degrees of twisting motion C. To produce red blood cells D. To allow the back to extend farther than it can flex
to protect the spinal cord
Sperm formed in the testes travel from the epididymis to the urethra by a hollow tube called the: A. vas deferens. B. seminal vesicle. C. prostate. D. bulbourethral gland.
vas deferens
When stimulated, the alpha receptors of the sympathetic nervous system result in which of these effects? A. Vasoconstriction B. Increased heart rate C. Relaxation of the bronchioles D. Decreased blood pressure
vasoconstriction
he mechanical process of moving air in and out of the lungs is called: A. oxygenation. B. respiration. C. ventilation. D. perfusion.
ventilation
The membrane that envelops each lung and is directly attached to the lung tissue itself is called the: A. pulmonary membrane. B. visceral pleura. C. parietal pleura. D. pectoralis membrane.
visceral pleura