Ch 8B Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Homework

What is the chromosome number found in human cells if meiosis I is completed normally?

22 autosomes and a sex chromosome

Normal human gametes carry _____ chromosomes.

23

_______ reproduction is a means of creating new individuals solely by ______, the form of cell division that creates genetically identical daughter cell.

Asexual Mitosis

Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis

LOOK AT PICK

asexual reproduction

Name this process

Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II

Phase of meiosis II

______ reproduction, in contrast, generates genetically unique offspring. To acomplish this, an organism must produce _____ -sperm and egg-- through the process of ______. The cells produced this way will be _____ haploid, meaning that they contain a single set of chromosomes, such cells are produced only in the _______.

Sexual gametes meiosis haploid gonads

C and D

Which of these cells is (are) haploid? Once meiosis I is completed, cells are haploid

Each of the chromosomes in gametes B and C are composed of material derived from both parents.

Which of these gametes contain one or more recombinant chromosomes?

Homologous migrate to opposite poles during ______

anaphase I

In sexual reproduction in humans ______.

haploid sperm fertilizes a haploid egg cell

During prophase I of meiosis,

homologous chromosomes stick together in pairs.

During _____ a spindle forms in a haploid cell.

prophase II Prophase II (is essentially the same as mitotic prophase except that the cells are haploid.)

Which processes lead to most genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms?

random fertilization, crossing over, independent orientation of chromosomes in meiosis

A typical human body cell with 23 pairs of chromosomes is called a _________.

somatic cell

At the end of _____ and cytokinesis, haploid cells contain chromosomes that each consist of two sister chromatids.

telophase I (At the end of telophase I and cytokinesis, there are two haploid cells with chromosomes that consist of two sister chromatids each.)

At the end of _____ and cytokineses there are four haploid cells

telophase II (At the end of telophase II and cytokinesis there are four haploid cells)

Genetic variation is accomplished by all but one of the following. Choose the EXCEPTION

the events of meiosis II

A diploid organism whose somatic (nonsex) cells each contain 32 chromosomes produces gametes containing _____ chromosomes.

16

What is the chromosome composition of a normal human female

44 autosomes and 2 X chromosome

What is the chromosome composition of a normal human male

44 autosomes, 1 X chromosome, and 1 Y chromosome

In meiosis, how does prophase I differ from prophase II?

During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells.

During meiosis, segments of nonsister chromatids can trade places. This recombination of maternal and paternal genetic material is a key feature of meiosis. During what phase of meiosis does recombination occur?

Prophase I

Synapsis occurs during _____.

Prophase I (Synapsis, the pairing of homologous chromosomes, occurs during prophase I.)

meiosis results in the formation of four haploid daughter cells

The above figure shows that _________

Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I

The phase of meiosis I

meiosis produces haploid sperm and egg cells

This diagram of the human life cycle shows that ______.

During _____ sister chromatids separate.

anaphase II Anaphase II (is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that the cell is haploid.)

Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual are called ______.

autosomes

homologous chromosomes _________.

carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics

Meiosis starts with a single diploid cell and produces

four haploid cells

Meiosis II typically produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.

four,haploid

Which term is used to describe the way homologous pairs of chromosomes line up in random orientations relative to each other during metaphase I?

independent assortment

A cell preparing to undergo meiosis duplicates its chromosomes during

interphase

Gametes are produced by

meiosis(produces haploid gametes from a diploid parental cell)

During _____ chromosomes align single file along the equator of a haploid cell.

metaphase II (Metaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic metaphase except that the cell is haploid.)

One difference between mitosis and meiosis is that mitosis _______.

produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not

The correct order of events during meiosis is

prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, cytokinesis, meiosis II.

Crossing over is _____.

the exchange of corresponding portions of homologous chromosomes

Upon completion of telophase I and cytokinesis, there is(are) ______ cell(s).

two haploid

Meiosis I produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.

two, haploid