Ch 8B Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Homework
What is the chromosome number found in human cells if meiosis I is completed normally?
22 autosomes and a sex chromosome
Normal human gametes carry _____ chromosomes.
23
_______ reproduction is a means of creating new individuals solely by ______, the form of cell division that creates genetically identical daughter cell.
Asexual Mitosis
Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis
LOOK AT PICK
asexual reproduction
Name this process
Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II
Phase of meiosis II
______ reproduction, in contrast, generates genetically unique offspring. To acomplish this, an organism must produce _____ -sperm and egg-- through the process of ______. The cells produced this way will be _____ haploid, meaning that they contain a single set of chromosomes, such cells are produced only in the _______.
Sexual gametes meiosis haploid gonads
C and D
Which of these cells is (are) haploid? Once meiosis I is completed, cells are haploid
Each of the chromosomes in gametes B and C are composed of material derived from both parents.
Which of these gametes contain one or more recombinant chromosomes?
Homologous migrate to opposite poles during ______
anaphase I
In sexual reproduction in humans ______.
haploid sperm fertilizes a haploid egg cell
During prophase I of meiosis,
homologous chromosomes stick together in pairs.
During _____ a spindle forms in a haploid cell.
prophase II Prophase II (is essentially the same as mitotic prophase except that the cells are haploid.)
Which processes lead to most genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms?
random fertilization, crossing over, independent orientation of chromosomes in meiosis
A typical human body cell with 23 pairs of chromosomes is called a _________.
somatic cell
At the end of _____ and cytokinesis, haploid cells contain chromosomes that each consist of two sister chromatids.
telophase I (At the end of telophase I and cytokinesis, there are two haploid cells with chromosomes that consist of two sister chromatids each.)
At the end of _____ and cytokineses there are four haploid cells
telophase II (At the end of telophase II and cytokinesis there are four haploid cells)
Genetic variation is accomplished by all but one of the following. Choose the EXCEPTION
the events of meiosis II
A diploid organism whose somatic (nonsex) cells each contain 32 chromosomes produces gametes containing _____ chromosomes.
16
What is the chromosome composition of a normal human female
44 autosomes and 2 X chromosome
What is the chromosome composition of a normal human male
44 autosomes, 1 X chromosome, and 1 Y chromosome
In meiosis, how does prophase I differ from prophase II?
During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells.
During meiosis, segments of nonsister chromatids can trade places. This recombination of maternal and paternal genetic material is a key feature of meiosis. During what phase of meiosis does recombination occur?
Prophase I
Synapsis occurs during _____.
Prophase I (Synapsis, the pairing of homologous chromosomes, occurs during prophase I.)
meiosis results in the formation of four haploid daughter cells
The above figure shows that _________
Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I
The phase of meiosis I
meiosis produces haploid sperm and egg cells
This diagram of the human life cycle shows that ______.
During _____ sister chromatids separate.
anaphase II Anaphase II (is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that the cell is haploid.)
Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual are called ______.
autosomes
homologous chromosomes _________.
carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics
Meiosis starts with a single diploid cell and produces
four haploid cells
Meiosis II typically produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.
four,haploid
Which term is used to describe the way homologous pairs of chromosomes line up in random orientations relative to each other during metaphase I?
independent assortment
A cell preparing to undergo meiosis duplicates its chromosomes during
interphase
Gametes are produced by
meiosis(produces haploid gametes from a diploid parental cell)
During _____ chromosomes align single file along the equator of a haploid cell.
metaphase II (Metaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic metaphase except that the cell is haploid.)
One difference between mitosis and meiosis is that mitosis _______.
produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not
The correct order of events during meiosis is
prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, cytokinesis, meiosis II.
Crossing over is _____.
the exchange of corresponding portions of homologous chromosomes
Upon completion of telophase I and cytokinesis, there is(are) ______ cell(s).
two haploid
Meiosis I produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.
two, haploid