CH11 Ba302

Which of the following statements is true regarding the judgments about correlation and causality bias? a. A correlation between two variables is not evidence for causality. b. Temporal order indicates causality. c. An association between two variables is evidence for causality. d. A correlation rules out other potential causes.

a. A correlation between two variables is not evidence for causality.

The availability of too much information leading to more and more time being spent on gathering information and thinking about it, resulting in no decisions being made is a. analysis paralysis. b. wildstorming. c. satisficing. d. anchoring.

a. analysis paralysis.

Anita finishes her college semester on April 15. She will be home from April 15 until May 20 when she is scheduled to have her wisdom teeth removed. She will be going on a family vacation during the third week in July and will be returning to school on August 10 for majorette camp. Anita is looking for a job for the summer. She figures she will take the first job that pays minimum wage and will allow her flexibility for her dental appointment and vacation. Anita is making a decision using the a. bounded rationality decision-making model. b. creative decision-making model. c. intuitive decision-making model. d. rational decision-making model.

a. bounded rationality decision-making model.

The tendency for decision makers to be influenced by the way that a situation or problem is presented is a. framing bias. b. anchoring. c. overconfidence bias. d. escalation of commitment.

a. framing bias.

What is the most challenging or difficult step in the rational decision-making process? a. Establish decision criteria b. Generate alternatives c. Identify the problem

b. Generate alternatives

Which of the following statements regarding decision-making styles in other cultures is correct? a. Though they use consensus group decision making, the Japanese make much faster decisions than Dutch decision makers. b. Japanese managers using consensus decision making implement those decisions much faster than other cultures. b. Chinese managers value quicker decision making more than their American counterparts. d. Dutch managers tend to complete consensus decision making much more than their Japanese counterparts.

b. Japanese managers using consensus decision making implement those decisions much faster than other cultures.

Which of the following is the correct order of the phases in the creative decision-making model? a. Problem identification, illumination, incubation, immersion, verification and application. b. Problem identification, immersion, incubation, illumination, verification and application. c. Problem identification, incubation, immersion, illumination, verification and application. d. Problem identification, illumination, immersion, incubation, verification and application.

b. Problem identification, immersion, incubation, illumination, verification and application.

To satisfice is to a. be influenced by the way in which problems are framed. b. accept the first alternative that meets your general criteria. c. set parameters against which all of the potential options can be evaluated. d. generate new ideas that are original, fluent and flexible.

b. accept the first alternative that meets your general criteria.

Mark works as the frozen food manager in a major grocery store chain. When his stock of two-pound bags of frozen shrimp gets down to two cases, he e-mails his warehouse to send ten cases to restock. The "automated" ordering of ten cases when supply gets to two cases in the store is called a(n) a. anchor. b. decision rule. c. consensus decision. d. alternative.

b. decision rule.

Experts make decisions in the intuitive decision-making models based on a. analysis. b. experience. c. mood. d. climate.

b. experience.

A unique, nonroutine, important decision requiring conscious thinking, information gathering, and careful consideration of alternatives is a(n) a. programmed decision. b. nonprogrammed decision. c. operational decision. d. decision rule.

b. nonprogrammed decision.

Which of the following statements about the creative decision-making model is accurate? a. Innovation and creativity are the same process. b. Problem identification is the last step in the creative decision making model. c. The dynamic nature of today's organizations, including structural changes and cost cutting, have driven creativity in the business. d. Innovation is the generation of new, imaginative ideas.

c. The dynamic nature of today's organizations, including structural changes and cost cutting, have driven creativity in the business.

An example of a question requiring an operational decision in response is: a. Should we develop a new corporate structure? b. Which advertising firm should we choose for our fall advertising campaign? c. Should we consider a merger with our biggest competitor? d. How often do I go back to the stockroom to get additional products for display?

d. How often do I go back to the stockroom to get additional products for display?

t/f- All decisions have major consequences and require much thought.

false

t/f- Creativity is the interaction between personality traits, attributes, and serendipity.

false

t/f- Decision trees are helpful in avoiding errors due to overconfidence bias.

false

t/f- Hindsight bias is the opposite of framing bias.

false

t/f- Programmed decisions are unique, creative decisions.

false

t/f- The nominal group technique involves using written responses to a series of questionnaires instead of physically bringing individuals together to make a decision.

false

t/f- Groupthink is one of the reasons cited for the tragedy of the Challenger space shuttle.

true