Ch.4 Review
To preserve evidence in a criminal case, what might be done to the patient's hands if the patient does not require surgery?
Bags are places around the hands and taped in place
Physical forces of deceleration, acceleration, compression, and shearing are factors in which type of injuries?
Blunt
Vomiting from preoperative narcotics can predispose patients with diabetes to fluid and electrolyte imbalances resulting in?
Hypoglycemia
Because of the types of drugs used to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ, the recipient patient is considered to have which of the following?
Immunosuppressed status
Which body system is highly susceptible to injury during positioning of bariatric and geriatric patients?
Integumentary
In a surgical procedure on a severely injured trauma patient, which of the following measures is of utmost importance?
Keeping the patient's spine in alignment during changes in position
What is the term for the mechanism of injury in a trauma patient that takes into account velocity of the injuring force, flexibility of tissue, and shape of the injuring force?
Kinematics
Which level of trauma center designation can meet all the needs required for treating patients on a 24- hour basis?
Level 1
Which of the following is the major cause of serious trauma suffered by pediatric patients?
Motor vehicle accidents
A patient with acquired immunodeficiency virus may have complications of multiple infections from diseases considered to be?
Opportunistic
A surgical tech working in a veteran's administration facility might frequently encounter patients with which of the following conditions?
PTSD
Which organ is responsible for the failure to produce insulin in a patient with type 1 diabetes?
Pancreas
High or low velocity projectiles are factors in which type of injuries?
Penetrating
In what way can the surgical tech who is setting up the back table and mayo stand reduce an 18-month-old patient's anxiety prior to induction of anesthesia?
Perform normal duties of preparation of the sterile field, keeping as quiet as possible for induction.
Conditions such as a severe arthritis, contractires, and tremors are categorized under which type of challenge?
Physical
Which of the following is not a potential risk from administration of general anesthesia to a pregnant patient?
Placenta previa
What is a common potential side effect of all forms of antibiotic therapy for major pediatric infections?
Pseudomembranous enterocolitis
Which anesthetic method helps reduce the anxiety and stress experienced by pediatric patients?
Rapid induction
What i a coping mechanism often seen in children reacting to trauma?
Regression
Which position enhances a bariatric patient's total lung volume and aids in ventilation?
Reverse trendelendburg
During which part of pregnancy would an abdominal surgery be considered safest for both mother and fetus?
Second trimester
What is the most common type of shock seen in infants and children?
Septic
Which physiological response to environmental temperature changes is missing or undeveloped in an infant of less than 6 months of age?
Shivering
What is the usual cause of a clavicular fracture of a neonate during a vaginal delivery?
Shoulder dystocia
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of which body system?
Endocrine?
Which diagnosis could create a social stigma and possible over dramatization of the exposure risk by health care workers?
Human immunodeficiency virus
Which of the following is a common response of pediatric patients to injury and may result in gastric dilation?
Hyperventilation
Morbid obesity refers to patients whose body weight is greater thatn how many pounds over their ideal weight?
100
Kaposi's sarcoma is sometimes seen in combination with which of the following diseases?
AIDS
Placement of rolled sheet or pad to elevate a pregnant patient's right hip, tilting the operating table to the left with slight trendelendburg or both will shift the weight of the gravid uterus and relieve pressure from the?
Abdominal aorta and vena cava
What is the number one cause of death in children ages 1 to 15 in the U.S.?
Accidents
A patient undergoing bariatric surgery may require extra time for general anesthetic reversal because anesthetic agents may be accumulated in and slowly eliminated from what type of tissue?
Adipose fat
In which pediatric age group would all of the craniofacial sinuses be fully developed?
Adolescent
For which of the transmission-based disease would health care workers need to be fitted for an n-95 respirator mask?
Airborne
Multiple sclerosis, lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis are examples of?
Autoimmune diseases
What other condition frequently suffered by obese patients and discovered intraoperatively may be treated surgically in conjunction with a bariatric procedure?
Cholelithiasis
Overgrowth of which microorganism is most likely responsible for pediatric cases of enterocolitis following antibiotic therapy
Clostridium difficlie ( Helicobacter pylori)
Which broad category of routes of transmission of microorganisms include food, water, and medical devices and equipment?
Common vehicle
For which condition would a patient coming to the operating room likely need an interpreter?
Complete deafness
Which of the following activities would present no risk of contracting HIV from an infected individual?
Conversation in close proximity
Bariatric patients undergoing surgery and in the immediate postoperative period should have sequential compression devices applied to the lower extremities to prevent?
Deep vine thrombosis
Which patient condition might be characterized by physical appearance of flat nasal bridge and short neck with some impairment of cognitive ability and growth, slower speech, and an affectionate to clingy persona?
Down syndrome
True or False Wound healing is nariatric surgery patients is enhanced cue to the increased vascular it of adipose tissue.
False
True or False surgical site infections (SSIs) are most common postoperative complication in patients with diabetes due to the increased perfusion of affected tissue.
False
Approximately 80% of which special patient population presents to surgery with one or more comorbid conditions?
Geriatric
What is the name of the device used to test the blood of patients with diabetes for metabolic status?
Glucometer
During a surgical procedure on a pregnant patient, the surgical tech in the scrub role may be asked to palate what area to detect possible contractions?
Gravid uterus
Which special at ident populations would likely require diagnostic biopsies for verification of cryptosporidiosis, candidiasis, or cytomegalovirus infections?
HIV/AIDS
What is the chemical and physiological classification of insulin?
Hormone
Which organ is most often injured in motor vehicle accidents?
Spleen
For which special patient population group would the help of a counselor or social worker who could communicate the current state of mind of mind or mood of the patient or the OR staff be of benefit to all the parties involved?
Substance abuse
Which special patient population group has 30% to 80% statistical likelihood of coexisting psychiatric illness in addition to the diagnosis for which they are coming to surgery?
Substance abuse
Which classification of antibiotics is contraindicated for use in neonates due to increased incidence of kernicterus?
Sulfonamides
An emergency laparotomy would be the indicated treatment for all of the following postoperative bariatric surgery complications except?
Thrombophlebitis
The term golden hour refers to reduction of morbidity and mortality of which type of patient population?
Trauma victims
True or False In many cases, for all age populations, pulse oximetry has replaced arterial blood gas (ABGs) as a rutine method of monitoring blood oxygenation, due to its low cost, ease, and decreased potential for infection.
True
True or False Patients with developmental delays may suffer cognitive disabilities, but may also exhibit normal intelligence.
True
True or False Pediatric patients require an enhanced team focus on the physiological needs in a more dramatic way than any other age group.
True
What type of physiological measurement method is rarely done in neonatal patient due to risk of anatomical trauma?
Urethral catheterization for urinary output