Ch9 Chemistry
lighting a match
What is an example of a chemical reaction?
combustion reaction
2H + O --> 2HO
synthesis reaction
A + B --> AB
single replacement
A + BX --> AX + B
the kinds of atoms remain the same
how are chemical changes like physical changes?
spectator ion
ion that does not participate in a reaction
solute
one or more substances dissolved in a solution
decomposition
opposite of synthesis
equal
the equation must show that the number of atoms of each reactant and product is _____ on both sides of the arrow
reactant
the starting substance in a chemical reaction
solvent
the substance the dissolves in a solute to form a solution; the most plentiful substance in the solution
coefficients
this is done by adding _______ in front of the reactants or products
synthesis, combustion, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement
types of reactions?
decomposition reaction
1 compound breaks into its parts with plus signs in between
decomposition
AB --> A + B
double replacement
AX + BY --> AY + BX
are found on the right hand side of the equation for the reaction
In chemical reactions, the products _____
the products contain different elements than the reactants
What is NOT true about a chemical reaction?
plus sign
a _______ is put when there is more than on reactant or product
synthesis reaction
a chemical reaction in which two or more substances react to yield a single product.
double-replacement reaction
a chemical reaction that involves the exchange of ions between two compounds and produces either a precipitate, a gas, or water.
single-replacement reaction
a chemical reaction that occur when the atoms of one element replace the atoms of another element in a compound
decomposition reaction
a chemical reaction that occurs when a single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds
combustion reaction
a chemical reaction that occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of heat and light.
law of conservation of mass
a skeleton equation is incorrect since it doesn't observe the _______________
precipitate
a solid produced during a chemical reaction in a solution
aqueous solution
a solution in which the solvent is water
chemical equation
a statement using chemical formulas to describe the identities and relative amounts of the reactants and products involved in the chemical reaction.
product
a substance formed during chemical reactions
net ionic equation
an ionic equation that includes only the particles that participate in the reaction
complete ionic equation
an ionic equation that shows all the particles in a solution as they realistically exist
matter is created
carbon dioxide, sodium acetate, and water form when sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid react. Even though three products form from two-reactants it is wrong to conclude that ____
chemical change
chemical reactions are also called ________
synthesis
combustion reaction is a type of _____ reaction with oxygen by itself on the left
temperature change, release of energy in form of heat/light, absorption of energy
evidence of chemical reactions are...
coefficient
in a chemical equation, the number written in front of a reactant or product in a balanced equation describes the lowest whole-number ration of the amounts of all reactants and products.
formed
in a chemical reaction a new substances is _____
energy is absorbed
in an endothermic reaction, the temperature decreases because ______
chemical formulas
in skeleton equations use ________ rather than words to show reactants and products
arrow
shows the chemical change, reads as "yields" or "produces"
word equations
statements which use words to describe a chemical reaction
chemical reaction
the process by which the atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances; occurrence can be indicated by changes in temperature, color, odor, and physical state.
true
true/false the law of conservation of mass means that matter cannot be created or destroyed but it can be rearranged
products
what is left after the reaction?
reactants
what is present before the reaction?
chemical equations
what represents chemical reactions?